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Digitale Medien

Diagnosis of breast tumors after breast reduction (2004)

Beer, Gertrude M. ; Kompatscher, Peter ; Hergan, Klaus

Springer

Aesthetic plastic surgery 20 (2004), S. 391-397

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ISSN: 1432-5241

Schlagwort(e): Breast reduction ; Breast tumors ; Breast tumor screening ; Mammography ; Ultrasound

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the diagnosability of breast tumors after breast reductions as this is a frequent surgical procedure. The data should shed light on the hypothesis that routine screening methods concerning the diagnosis of breast tumors prove more difficult after breast operations. All women who had undergone breast reduction at our department between January 1989 and December 1994 were examined. During this period we counted 166 patients; the majority of them (n = 144) had undergone a bilateral breast reduction and the rest of them (n = 22) a unilateral breast reduction for various reasons. After the operation, all patients were checked in standardized intervals. Those who developed any kind of breast mass (n = 6) were recorded and examined by ultrasound and mammography, and occasionally by an additional fine-needle biopsy. In case any doubt about the dignity had remained, an excisional biopsy was carried out. In none of our patients was it possible to get a precise diagnosis of an ill-defined mass with ultrasound. With mammography, some of the existing masses, which were really scars, mimicked different kinds of tumors, and once a carcinoma was initially interpreted as scar tissue with oil cysts. The diagnosis of breast masses after breast reductions with routinely used screening methods has proved to be more difficult as breast reductions lead to architectural alterations of the remaining breast parenchyma. Such alterations can and should be documented shortly after the operation so that later occurring tumors are distinguished more easily. Therefore, a basic mammography 3 months after each breast reduction has to be claimed in order to facilitate further breast tumor diagnosis.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210858

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Digitale Medien

The individual success of musicians, like that of physicists, follows a stretched exponential distribution by J.A. Davies (2002)

Borges, E.P.

Springer

The European physical journal 30 (2002), S. 593-595

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ISSN: 1434-6036

Schlagwort(e): PACS. 43.75.+a Music and musical instruments – 01.30.-y Physics literature and publications – 87.23.-n Ecology and evolution

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Abstract: Comment on Eur. Phys. J. B 27, 445 (2002) We analyze the distribution of success of musicians, comparing a stretched exponential (found by J.A. Davies [Eur. Phys. J. B 27, 445 (2002)]) with a distribution of the family of the q-exponential (presenting an intermediate power-law regime with a crossover to an exponential tail). We find that both assumptions yield comparable results, within the available range of data, hence a definite conclusion cannot yet be taken. But this example joins many others that has been found to be fairly described by q-exponentials (or variations of it), which may be indicative that there is a (significantly large) class of systems described by nonextensive statistical mechanics, from where q-exponentials naturally appear.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2002-00419-y

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Digitale Medien

The individual success of musicians, like that of physicists, follows a stretched exponential distribution (2002)

Davies, J.A.

Springer

The European physical journal 27 (2002), S. 445-447

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ISSN: 1434-6036

Schlagwort(e): PACS. 43.75.+a Music and musical instruments – 01.30.-y Physics literature and publications – 87.23.-n Ecology and evolution

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Physik

Notizen: Abstract: Over the last five years or so, a number of studies have focussed on the distribution of `success' in physics and other sciences; in these studies, `success' is measured by the number of times a paper, or an author, is cited. The distribution of citations of individual papers approximates to a power-law [S. Redner, Eur. Phys. J. B 4, 131 (1998)], while lifetime total citations of the 1120 most-cited physicists follows a stretched exponential [J. Laherrère, D. Sornette, Eur. Phys. J. B 2, 525 (1998)]. Here, I examine the distribution of success in popular music, a field of creativity that has social structures very different from those of physics, and which is generally held to be controlled primarily by fashion. For this study, the lifetime total success of bands was measured by the total number of weeks they were in the weekly `top 75' list of best-selling recordings. Like the lifetime success of physicists reported by Laherrere and Sornette, the success of the 6107 bands that appeared in the UK `top 75' from 1950 until 2000 follows a stretched exponential of the form P(x)dx = c(x c - 1/x 0 c)exp[- (x/x 0)c]dx; for the music data, c = 0.5 and x 0 = 9.37.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2002-00176-y

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