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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 24 (2003), S. 1063-1074 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: hybrid dynamic system ; switched linear system ; time-delay ; controllability ; controllable set ; switching sequence ; switching path ; TP13 ; TP273 ; O317 ; 93B05 ; 93B27 ; 93C99
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The controllability for switched linear systems with time-delay in controls is first investigated. The whole work contains three parts. This is the third part. The definition and determination of controllability of switched linear systems with multiple time-delay in control functions is mainly investigated. The sufficient and necessary conditions for the one-periodic, multiple-periodic controllability of periodic-type systems and controllability of aperiodic systems are presented, respectively. Finally, the case of distinct delays is discussed, it is shown that the controllability is independent of the size of delays.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 24 (2003), S. 1051-1062 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: hybrid dynamic system ; switched linear system ; time-delay ; controllability ; controllable set ; switching sequence ; switching path ; TP13 ; TP273 ; O317 ; 93B05 ; 93B27 ; 93C99
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The controllability for switched linear systems with time-delay in controls is first investigated. The whole work contains three parts. This is the second part. The definition and determination of controllability of switched linear systems with single time-delay in control functions is mainly investigated. The sufficient and necessary conditions for the oneperiodic, multiple-periodic controllability of periodic-type systems and controllability of periodic systems are presented, respectively.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 24 (2003), S. 1041-1050 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: hybrid dynamic system ; switched linear system ; time-delay ; controllability ; generalized cyclic invariant subspace ; switching sequence ; switching path ; TP13 ; TP273 ; O317 ; 93B05 ; 93B27 ; 93C99
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The controllability for switched linear system with time-delay in controls was first investigated. The whole work contains three parts. This is the first part, including problem formulation and some preliminaries. Firstly, the mathematical model of switched linear systems with time-delay in control functions was presented. Secondly, the concept of column space, cyclic invariant subspace and generalized cyclic invariant subspace were introduced. And some basic properties, such as separation lemma, were presented. Finally, a basic lemma was given to reveal the relation between the solution set of a centain integral equations and the generalized cyclic invariant subspace. This lemma will play an important role in the determination of controllability. All these definitions and lemmas are necessary research tools for controllability analysis.
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  • 4
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    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta applicandae mathematicae 60 (2000), S. 199-212 
    ISSN: 1572-9036
    Keywords: nonlinear systems ; differential forms ; controllability ; control synthesis ; polynomial systems ; vector fields
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper discusses new control synthesis for certain cascade type polynomial systems addressed in the paper as Čaplygin systems. A numerical control synthesis as well as characterization of reachability set are presented. The results of the paper are important for various branches of system theory, where the control synthesis is concerned.
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  • 5
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    Journal of dynamical and control systems 6 (2000), S. 159-217 
    ISSN: 1573-8698
    Keywords: controllability ; right-invariant systems ; Lie groups ; solvable
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Right-invariant control systems on simply connected solvable Lie groups are studied. A complete and explicit description of controllable single-input right-invariant systems on such Lie groups up to dimension 6 is obtained.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
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    Journal of dynamical and control systems 6 (2000), S. 353-363 
    ISSN: 1573-8698
    Keywords: parabolic differential equation ; controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with the approximate controllability problem for a parabolic equation defined for $$x \in \mathbb{R},{\text{ }}t \in \;[0,T]$$ . It is possible to find a sequence of initial conditions with given compact support such that traces at $$x = 0$$ of corresponding solutions converge to the trace of a given solution. We obtain estimates of the rate of this convergence. These estimates are constructed in terms of eigenvalues of certain compact operator.
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  • 7
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    Journal of dynamical and control systems 6 (2000), S. 453-459 
    ISSN: 1573-8698
    Keywords: solvable Lie algebras ; systems on Lie groups ; controllability ; maximal semigroups ; hyperplane subalgebras ; metabelian algebras
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We call a Lie-algebra $$g$$ SID-controllable if there exist $$A,B \in g$$ such that the invariant control system on the simply connected group G given by $$\dot g = g(A\; + \;uB),\;\;u\;\; \in \;\;\mathbb{R}$$ , is controllable. This is tantamount to saying that the semigroup $$S(A, \pm B) = \langle \exp (\mathbb{R}^ + A + \mathbb{R}B)\rangle \subseteq G$$ is all of G. In his papers [4]–[7] Yu. Sachkov analyzed and characterized solvable SID-controllable Lie algebras. In this paper we improve his results by proving the following simple reduction criterion: a solvable Lie algebra $$g$$ is SID-controllable iff the factor-algebra $$g/D^2 g$$ is SID-controllable. For solvable $$g$$ this reduces the whole problem to metabelian algebras ( $$D^2 g = 0$$ ), a case which is completely solved in Sachkov's work. Our result also generalizes immediately to systems with multiple inputs.
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  • 8
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    Applied mathematics and mechanics 21 (2000), S. 1320-1330 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: nonlinear control system ; controllability ; oriented manifold ; invariant manifold ; dynamics of rigid body ; O231
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The problem of controllability of nonlinear control system is a significant field which has an extensive prospect of application. A. M. Kovalev of Ukraine Academy of Science applied the oriented manifold method developed in dynamics of rigid body to nonlinear control system for the first time and obtained a series of efficient results. Based on Kovalev's oriented manifold method, firstly, by invariant manifold method the problem of controllability of nonlinear control system was studied and the necessary condition of the controllability of a kind of affine nonlinear system was given out. Then the realization of the necessary condition was discussed. At last, the motion of a rigid body with two rotors was investigated and the necessary condition which is satisfied by this system was proved.
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  • 9
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 107 (2000), S. 51-68 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Timoshenko beam ; controllability ; moment problem ; piecewise constant control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the linear model of a slowly rotating Timoshenko beam in a horizontal plane whose moment is controlled by the angular acceleration of the disk of the driving motor into which the beam is clamped. This work complements our previous results on the controllability of the beam from a position of rest into another position of rest; we give a method of construction of a piecewise constant control solving the problem.
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  • 10
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 107 (2000), S. 559-571 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: nonlocal conditions ; mild solutions ; evolution ; controllability ; fixed points
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we establish sufficient conditions for the controllability ofsecond-order differential inclusions in Banach spaces with nonlocalconditions. We rely on a fixed-point theorem for condensing maps due toMartelli.
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  • 11
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 105 (2000), S. 621-637 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: bilinear systems ; optimal control ; controllability ; stabilization ; electric power
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this paper is an integrated overview of bilinear systems (BLS) research which has evolved over the past few decades, and a new result on control of flexible a.c. transmission systems (FACTS) is presented. BLS may be derived in many cases from principles of physics, chemistry, biology, socioeconomics, and engineering. In other cases, BLS are more accurate approximations to nonlinear systems than are traditional linear systems, as shown for example by the added bilinear terms (in state and control) for the Taylor series. While an appropriately designed linear control system may be optimum relative to some quadratic performance index without added constraints, bilinear or parametric control can be designed to improve more global performance and indeed to increase the region of attainable states. Such controllability and stabilization of BLS and of a series line-capacitor controlled FACTS is presented.
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  • 12
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    Acta applicandae mathematicae 57 (1999), S. 1-82 
    ISSN: 1572-9036
    Keywords: multidimensional system ; partial difference equation ; transfer operator ; state space ; modelling ; characteristic variety ; controllability ; proper transfer matrix
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper treats multidimensional discrete input-output systems from the constructive point of view. We adapt and improve recursive algorithms, derived earlier by E. Zerz and the second author from standard Gröbner basis algorithms, for the solution of the canonical Cauchy problem for linear systems of partial difference equations with constant coefficients on the lattices N = ℕr1 × ℤr2. These recursive algorithms, in turn, furnish four other solution methods for the initial value problem, namely by transfer operators, by canonical Kalman global state equations, by parametrizations of controllable systems and, for systems with proper transfer matrix and left bounded input signals, by convolution with the transfer matrix. In the 2D-case N = ℤ2 the last method was studied by S. Zampieri. Minimally embedded systems are studied and give rise to especially simple Kalman equations. The latter also imply a useful characterization of the characteristic or polar variety of the system by eigenvalue spectra. For N = ℕr we define reachability of a system and prove that controllability implies reachability, but not conversely. Moreover we solve, in full generality, the modelling problem which was introduced and partially solved by F. Pauer and S. Zampieri. Various algorithms have been implemented by the first author in axiom, and examples are demonstrated by means of computer generated pictures. Related work on state space representations has been done by the Padovian and Groningian system theory schools.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-6725
    Keywords: deservingness ; character ; controllability ; justice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Political Science , Sociology
    Notes: Abstract When third parties judge the deservingness of outcomes experienced by others, what role does their appraisal of others' character play in their judgments? Two experiments examined this question by locating it within the framework of Feather's (1994a) theoretical analysis of deservingness. In both experiments, participants read 16 stories in which (a) people of good or bad character (b) experienced positive or negative outcomes in events (c) over which they had high or low control, then rated the extent to which each outcome was deserved. All three factors were found to affect ratings of deservingness, but the dominant influence was the Valence of Character × Valence of Outcome interaction. Outcomes were judged to be deserved when the valences attached to actors' character and their outcomes were congruent (either ++ or −−) and undeserved when the valences were incongruent (either +− or −+). Most of the results supported Feather's formulations and, in addition, suggested how people integrate several perceptions into a composite judgment of deservingness.
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  • 14
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    Discrete event dynamic systems 8 (1998), S. 377-429 
    ISSN: 1573-7594
    Keywords: supervisory control ; bisimulation ; model matching ; controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A fundamental relationship between the controllability of a language with respect to another language and a set of uncontrollable events in the Supervisory Control Theory initiated by (Ramadge and Wonham, 1989) and bisimulation of automata models is derived. The theoretical results relating bisimulation to controllability support an efficient solution to the Basic Supervisory Control Problem. Using (Fernandez, 1990) generalization of the partition refinement algorithm of (Paige and Tarjan, 1987), it is possible to find a partition which represents the supremal controllable sublanguage of an automaton with respect to the language of another automaton and a set of events in a worst-case running time of O( m log(n)), where m is the number of transitions and n is the number of states. Utilizing the bisimulation property of language controllability and derived relationships between automata languages and input/output finite-state machine behaviors, a precise relationship is formally derived between Supervisory Control Theory and the system-theoretic problem posed by (DiBenedetto et al., 1994) called Strong Input/Output FSM Model Matching. Specifically, it is proven that in deterministic settings instances of each problem can be mapped to the other framework and solved.
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  • 15
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    Journal of electronic testing 13 (1998), S. 93-103 
    ISSN: 1573-0727
    Keywords: high-level test synthesis ; behavioral modification ; controllability ; observability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this study, we present a high-level testability analysis technique that evaluates the testability of a design based on the proposed controllability and observability measures. The control-data flow graph (CDFG) constructed from the VHDL description of a design is first analyzed to identify hard-to-control conditional branches and hard-to-control/observe register transfer statements. After the hard-to-test areas of the design are identified, the proposed testability enhancement methods can be applied to improve the testability of the circuit. Unlike many recent studies in the area of high-level test synthesis (HLTS) that focus on improving the testability of data paths, our approach also improves the testability of synthesized circuits by enhancing the controllability of the control flow. Experimental results on several high-level synthesis benchmarks show that when this approach is used prior to logic synthesis, the test generation complexities are reduced while better fault coverage and ATPG efficiency are often achieved. Implementation of this technique requires minimal logic and performance overheads and allows test vectors to be applied at clock-speed.
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  • 16
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 99 (1998), S. 681-689 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Nonlinear control systems ; controllability ; control sets ; suboptimal periodic controls ; average functionals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the infinite-time optimal control problem of minimizing an average functional for nonlinear control systems. For controllable systems, we give an explicit estimate for the required period T of ɛ-suboptimal T-periodic orbits. Moreover, we show that controllable systems are characterized by the existence of periodic suboptimal trajectories for any average functional.
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  • 17
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mechanics of Cohesive-frictional Materials 3 (1998), S. 65-87 
    ISSN: 1082-5010
    Keywords: elastoplasticity ; sand ; constitutive modelling ; controllability ; instability ; Engineering ; Civil and Mechanical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The paper investigates the possibility of the occurrence of a multiplicity of homogeneous responses of soil specimens under the same incremental loading, and the associated non-controllability of the imposed loading path.It is shown that for non-associated elastoplastic strain-hardening constitutive laws, such a possibility exists even in the hardening regime. Only when the stiffness matrix is positive-definite is the incremental solution unique for any loading programme.A particular constitutive model is chosen and the shape of the loci of non-uniqueness is calculated for various loading programmes. It is shown that the conditions for the occurrence of a shear band and of a peak of the deviator stress in a triaxial undrained test can be seen as special cases of the theory presented. Accordingly, the so-called ‘instability line’ concept in undrained conditions is generalized. © 1998 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 18
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    Discrete event dynamic systems 7 (1997), S. 295-315 
    ISSN: 1573-7594
    Keywords: Protocol conversion ; discrete event systems ; supervisory control ; controllability ; observability ; normality ; safety ; progress ; synchronous composition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A protocol mismatch occurs when heterogeneous networks try to communicate with each other. Such mismatches are inevitable due to the proliferation of a multitude of networking architectures, hardware, and software on one hand, and the need for global connectivity on the other hand. In order to circumvent this problem the solution of protocol conversion has been proposed. In this paper we present a systematic approach to protocol conversion using the theory of supervisory control of discrete event systems, which was partially first addressed by Inan. We study the problem of designing a converter for a given mismatched pair of protocols, using their specifications, and the specifications for the channel and the user services. We introduce the notion of converter languages and use it to obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of protocol converter and present an effective algorithm for computing it whenever it exists.
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  • 19
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 94 (1997), S. 335-363 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control theory ; minimum-time problems ; controllability ; viability ; discretization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For optimal control problems in $$\mathbb{R}^n $$ with given target and free final time, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for local Lipschitz continuity of the optimal value as a function of the initial position. The target can be an arbitrary closed set, and the dynamics can depend in a measurable way on the time. As a limit case of this condition, we obtain a characterization of the viability property of the target, in terms of perpendiculars to the target instead of tangent cones. As an application, we analyze the convergence of certain discretization schemes for time-optimal problems.
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  • 20
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    Applied mathematics and mechanics 17 (1996), S. 999-1008 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: fibre bundle ; controllability ; observability ; minimality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The definition of nonlinear control systems on fibre bundles proposed by Brockett and Willems is incomplete from the mathematical view. A new geometric framework is proposed and a minimal realization theory is developed for nonlinear control systems on fibre bundles which is elaborated as a natural generalization of Sussmann's theory and differs essentially from Van der Schaft's approach. Limitations of realization theory given by Van der Schaft are also discussed.
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  • 21
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 90 (1996), S. 301-319 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control theory ; linear systems ; controllability ; constrained controls
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we consider the global controllability with bounded controls of the perturbed adiabatic oscillator. More explicitly, we study the equationÿ+(1+g(t))y=u, whereg(t) is a suitably small perturbation term andu is the control function, which is restricted either by norm or by range. We give sufficient conditions for global null controllability, under various conditions ong(t), whenu lies in a unit ball or is constrained to assume only positive values.
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  • 22
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    Journal of electronic testing 6 (1995), S. 179-190 
    ISSN: 1573-0727
    Keywords: behavioral testing ; feed-forward neural networks ; controllability ; observability ; neural error models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Testability analysis of neural architectures can be performed at a very high abstraction level on the computational paradigm. In this paper, we consider the case of feed-forward multi-layered neural networks. We introduce a behavioral error model which allows good mapping of the physical faults in widely different implementations. Conditions for error controllability, observability and global testability are analytically derived; their purpose is that of verifying whether it is possible to excite all modeled errors and to propagate the error's effects to the primary outputs (actual test vectors being then technological-dependent). Mapping of physical faults onto behavioral errors is performed for some representative, architectures.
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  • 23
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    Acta applicandae mathematicae 39 (1995), S. 85-90 
    ISSN: 1572-9036
    Keywords: 58F07 ; optical solitons ; integrability ; controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A brief historical review and recent developments of theories and experiments of optical solitons in fibers are presented with particular emphasis on their integrability and controllability in real systems.
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  • 24
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 84 (1995), S. 415-431 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Kalman filtering ; Karhunen-Loève expansion ; stability ; observability ; controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Several state-space models for estimating a second-order stochastic process are proposed in this paper on the basis of the approximate Karhunen-Loève expansion. Properties of these models are studied and then the Kalman filtering method is applied. The accuracy of the models on the basis of two different situations, deterministic or random inputs, is studied by means of a simulation of a Brownian motion.
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  • 25
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 86 (1995), S. 191-197 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential inclusions ; controllability ; multifunctions ; generalized gradients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We study the controllability of differential-difference inclusions $$\dot x(t) \in A(t,x(t), x(t - \Delta ))$$ , where the graph of the multifunctionA(t, ·) is a closed convex cone.
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  • 26
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    Numerical algorithms 8 (1994), S. 185-199 
    ISSN: 1572-9265
    Keywords: Basis ; feasible solution ; controllability ; linear programming ; reachability ; simplex method ; time optimal control ; 65 K
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The reachability problem for linear time-invariant discrete-time control systems with sign-restricted input is considered. The time-optimal control is constructed by an iterative procedure. Each step of the iteration is defined as a linear programming problem. This problem is solved by the simplex algorithm. The initial feasible solution for the simplex algorithm is provided by the preceding step of the iteration. The inversion of the basis matrix is reduced to a bordering procedure. The structural stability of the solution is investigated.
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  • 27
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Lipschitz function ; subdifferential ; fan ; weak prederivative of a Lipschitz map ; controllability ; Lagrange multiplier rule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that a Lagrange multiplier rule involving the Michel-Penot subdifferentials is valid for the problem: minimizef 0(x) subject tof i (x) ⩽ 0,i = 1, ⋯,m;f i (x) = 0,i = m + 1,⋯,n;x ∈Q where all functionsf are Lipschitz continuous andQ is a closed convex set. The proof is based on the theory of fans.
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  • 28
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    Acta applicandae mathematicae 28 (1992), S. 161-188 
    ISSN: 1572-9036
    Keywords: 14D22 ; 14F45 ; 15A21 ; 93B27 ; Linear systems ; controllability ; moduli spaces ; Schubert calculus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we explicitly describe, by generators and relations, the cohomology ring of the manifold ∑ n,m (F) of controllable linear systems having m inputs and state-space dimension n. It is shown that the cohomology ring of ∑ n,m (F) is isomorphic to the invariant cohomology ring of a product of projective spaces. Estimates for the cup length of the cohomology ring are obtained.
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  • 29
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 74 (1992), S. 191-219 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Feedback exact null controllability ; boundary exact Riccati equations ; terminal constraint control problems ; unbounded control action ; controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Terminal constraint optimal control problems with unbounded control operators are considered. It is shown that the optimal solutions can be represented in a feedback form via a solution of an appropriate Riccati equation. In particular, it is proved that, for systems described by partial differential equations with infinite speed of propagation, boundary exact null controllability can be realized in feedback form.
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  • 30
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 75 (1992), S. 401-421 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control theory ; minimum-time problems ; controllability ; Lie brackets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the minimum-time problem to reach aC 1-manifold target. Using implicit function techniques, under conditions of order 0 and 1 on the vector fields, we prove that the minimum-time function is locally Lipschitz and respectively 1/2-Hölder continuous.
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  • 31
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    Periodica mathematica Hungarica 22 (1991), S. 15-25 
    ISSN: 1588-2829
    Keywords: 35C 10' 35B 37 ; 93B 05 ; 93C 20 ; Vibration of a string ; wave equation ; Fouriers's method ; controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 32
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 68 (1991), S. 75-93 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Infinite-dimensional systems ; distributed control problem ; stabilizability ; controllability ; semigroups ; perturbations ; feedback control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The questions of stabilizability of structurally perturbed or uncertain linear systems in Hilbert space of the form $$\dot x = (A + P(r))x + Bu$$ are considered. The operatorA is assumed to be the infinitesimal generator of aC 0-semigroup of contractionsT(t),t≥0, in a Hilbert spaceX;B is a bounded linear operator from another Hilbert spaceU toX; and {P(r),r ∈ Ω} is a family of bounded or unbounded perturbations ofA inX, where Ω is an arbitrary set, not necessarily carrying any topology. Sufficient conditions are presented that guarantee controllability and stabilizability of the perturbed system, given that the unperturbed system $$\dot x = Ax + Bu$$ has similar properties. In particular, it is shown that, for certain classes of perturbations, weak and strong stabilizability properties are preserved for the same state feedback operator.
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  • 33
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    Multidimensional systems and signal processing 1 (1990), S. 381-387 
    ISSN: 1573-0824
    Keywords: controllability ; 2-D Roesser Model ; reconstructability
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability of 2-D Roesser model are formulated. One can check controllability of 2-DRM using well-known tests for 1-D systems. Conditions are dual to the conditions for reconstructability of the system: “transposed” controllable 2-DRM is reconstructable. A numerical example is presented.
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  • 34
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    Journal of electronic testing 1 (1990), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 1573-0727
    Keywords: activation checking ; controllability ; detectability ; fault-free simulation ; fault grading ; observability ; statistical fault analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A simplified probabilistic fault grading method is described. The concept of propagation probability is introduced in place of the sensitization probability of STAFAN, and the empirical parameters of STAFAN are eliminated. The division of input vectors into subsets is monitored by the activation or toggle rate. The accuracy of the method is examined for fault coverage estimation and for predicting the undetected faults.
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  • 35
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    Journal of electronic testing 1 (1990), S. 235-238 
    ISSN: 1573-0727
    Keywords: activation checking ; controllability ; detectability ; fault-free simulation ; fault grading ; observability ; statistical fault analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A simplified probabilistic fault grading method is described. The concept of propagation probability is introduced in place of the sensitization probability of STAFAN, and the empirical parameters of STAFAN are eliminated. The division of input vectors into subsets is monitored by the activation or toggle rate. The accuracy of the method is examined for fault coverage estimation and for predicting the undetected faults.
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  • 36
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 65 (1990), S. 289-304 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimality ; piecewise constant controls ; controllability
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider an optimal control problem inL ∞, where the cost functional has a penalty term which involves the structure of the control law. This type of penalization allows us to restrict our attention only to piecewise constant controls, with assigned switching times, i.e., the controls belong to finite-dimensional control spaces. This fact and our assumptions on the dynamics give as a consequence the compactness of the minimizing sequences inC([0, 1], ℝ″) ×L ∞([0, 1], ℝ). The existence of a minimum of the cost functional is then obtained by a direct method. This result allows us to avoid the usual convexity assumption on the cost functionalC and on the multivalued vector field associated to the dynamics when we have to consider the controls in all ofL ∞.
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  • 37
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 65 (1990), S. 281-288 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential inclusions ; convex processes ; controllability ; perturbations
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we deal with the following stability problem: given a differential inclusion of the formx'εF(t,x,λ), where λ is a parameter varying in a topological space Λ, find conditions under which the set of all λ ε Λ, such that the differential inclusion is controllable, is open in Λ. Applying Theorem 3.1 of Ref. 3, we get a result in this direction, assuming, as leader hypotheses, thatF(t,·,λ) is a convex process, from ℝ″ into itself, and thatF(t,x,·) is lower semicontinuous.
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  • 38
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    Journal of behavioral medicine 12 (1989), S. 357-372 
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: illness ; chronic ; stress ; controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The primary purpose of the present study was to increase our understanding of the roles of chronicity and controllability in the measurement of stress within the context of stress-illness relationships. Controllability and chronicity were assessed directly using a modified version of the Everyday Problems Scale. In addition to this scale, measures of depression, psychosomatic symptoms, and social support were administered to 128 women and 100 men. The results indicated that, for both men and women, the number of stressors was the best single predictor of symptoms. However, for women, chronicity and controllability of the stressors accounted for a significant amount of the variance in health outcomes over and above that accounted for by the number of stressors endorsed; for men, the addition of neither chronicity nor controllability consistently increased the strength of the association. While available social support was not found to influence the stress-illness relationships, greater willingness to utilize social support was associated with lower levels of depression.
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  • 39
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    Acta applicandae mathematicae 14 (1989), S. 191-237 
    ISSN: 1572-9036
    Keywords: Primary ; 49B10 ; 49E15 ; Nonlinear control systems ; geometric/Lie algebraic methods ; chronological calculus ; nilpotent polynomial approximation ; controllability ; attainable sets
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Methods are presented for locally studying smooth nonlinear control systems on the manifoldM. The technique of chronological calculus is intensively exploited. The concept of chronological connection is introduced and is used when obtaining the invariant expressions in the form of Lie bracket polynomials for high-order variations of a nonlinear control system. The theorem on adduction of a family of smooth vector fields to the canonical form proved in Section 4 is then applied to the construction of a nilpotent polynomial approximation for a control system. Finally, the relation between the attainable sets of an original system and an approximating one is established; it implies some conclusions on the local controllability of these systems.
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  • 40
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    Acta applicandae mathematicae 14 (1989), S. 239-258 
    ISSN: 1572-9036
    Keywords: 82A30 ; 82A05 ; 93B05 ; 93E15 ; 60J65 ; Statistical physics ; invariant measure ; controllability ; stochastic stability ; Langevin equation
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract AnN particle system evolving in 3-space under the action of a friction force, an external potential and a fluctuating force is studied, using the Langevin equation. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for both (a) the existence and (b) the Maxwell-Boltzmann character of an invariant measure. Both probabilistic and system theoretical tools play an important part in this study. In addition, the general results mentioned above are applied to the study of a system ofn oscillators coupled through velocity, with a first-neighbour-only type of interaction.
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  • 41
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    Periodica mathematica Hungarica 20 (1989), S. 13-25 
    ISSN: 1588-2829
    Keywords: 1980/85 ; Primary 35C10, 35B37 ; Secondary 93B05, 93C20 ; Vibration of a string ; Fourier's method ; controllability
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    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 42
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 52 (1987), S. 279-290 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Nonlinear control systems ; stabilizing feedback control ; controllability
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Russell has observed that a linear system is controllable provided it is stabilizable in both positive and negative time. We give a version of this result valid for nonlinear systems, and illustrate its use by giving new proofs of two classical results from control theory, the first involving bounded perturbations of controllable linear systems, and the second involving controllability of linear systems by bounded controls.
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  • 43
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 48 (1986), S. 229-244 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Controlled invariants ; (A, ℬ)-invariants ; conditioned invariants ; (ℒ,A)-invariants ; geometric approach ; controllability ; observability ; linear system theory
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A one-to-one correspondence is shown to exist between the lattice of all self-bounded (A, ℬ)-controlled invariants contained in ℒ and the lattice of all self-hidden (A, ℒ)-conditioned invariants containing ℬ. This correspondence, stated herein as the main dual-lattice theorem, allows a straightforward derivation of the universal bounds of the lattices, particularly when additional constraints are imposed, such as to contain a given subspace ℘ for the elements of the former lattice and to be contained in a given subspace ℒ for the elements of the latter. Then, two further minor dual-lattice theorems, dual to each other, are presented, and some connections and applications of the new theory to standard control and observation problems are briefly discussed.
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  • 44
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 50 (1986), S. 69-82 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Linear autonomous systems ; constraints ; controllability
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A linear autonomous control system in ℝ n is said to be completely controllable iff there existsT〉0 such that eachx ∈ ℝ n can be steered to anyy ∈ ℝ n in timeT. This paper presents a geometric characterization of this property in the case in which there are constraints on the values which the control maps can assume. A necessary and sufficient condition to get instant controllability (i.e., complete controllability for anyT〉0) is also derived. This condition generalizes the well-known Kalman condition to the constrained case.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 50 (1986), S. 267-278 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Reachability ; controllability ; invariant sets
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we prove that the intersection of the controllable set to and the reachable set from a point target is connected, and that points within the intersection have the same controllable and reachable sets. We further demonstrate that the intersection is positive invariant whenever the intersection is not a single point. We then introduce the concept of a maneuverable set which allows us to generalize the results by replacing the point target with a maneuverable set. Use of the theory is illustrated.
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  • 46
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 50 (1986), S. 313-329 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Discrete-time systems ; controllability ; eigenvectors ; cones
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper is devoted to the null-controllability problem for linear, autonomous, discrete-time systems with restrained controls, i.e., systems described by the equationx k+1=Ax k+u k,u k∈ Г, where 0 ∈ Г, but is not necessarily an interior point of Г. Some criteria for local and global null controllability are given with proofs. These results can be considered as extensions to discrete-time systems of the known corresponding criteria for linear, continuous-time systems.
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  • 47
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 45 (1985), S. 53-72 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control theory ; controllability ; observability ; singular systems
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The problems of solvability, controllability, and observability for the singular systemKx(t)=Ax(t)+Bu(t) are studied, whereK is a singular, square matrix andu(t) is a complex vector function sufficiently differentiable. The classical theories of matrix pencils are first related to the solvability of singular systems. Then, the concepts of reachability, controllability, and observability of regular systems are extended to singular systems. Finally, the set of reachable states is described. The proposed matrix conditions for testing the controllability and observability of singular systems are simple and always feasible.
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  • 48
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 47 (1985), S. 129-158 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Linear evolution equations ; Banach spaces ; controllability ; constrained controls ; existence of time-optimal controls ; maximum principle
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We present some necessary and sufficient conditions for null controllability for a class of general linear evolution equations on a Banach space with constraints on the control space. We also present a result on the existence of time-optimal controls and some partial results on the maximum principle. Some interesting insights that can be obtained from these results are discussed, and the paper is concluded with an application to a boundary control problem.
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  • 49
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 42 (1984), S. 397-420 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Null-controllability with constraints ; uniform asymptotic stability ; controllability ; complete linear systems ; reachable sets
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Consider the following functional equations of neutral type: $$\begin{gathered} (i) (d/dt)D(t,x_t ) = L(t,x_t ), \hfill \\ (ii) (d/dt)D(t,x_t ) = L(t,x_t ) + B(t)u(t), \hfill \\ (iii) (d/dt)D(t,x_t ) = L(t,x_t ) + B(t)u(t) + f(t,x(t),u(t)), \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ whereD, L are bounded linear operators fromC([−h, 0],E n) intoE n for eachtɛ(σ, ∞) =J, B is ann ×m continuous matrix function,u:J →C m is square integrable with values in the unitm-dimensional cubeC m, andf(t, 0, 0)=0. We prove that, if the system (i) is uniformly asymptotically stable and if the controlled system (ii) is controllable, then the system (iii) is null-controllable with constraints, provided that $$f = f_1 + f_2 $$ , where $$\begin{gathered} |f_1 (t,\phi ,0)| \leqslant \varepsilon \parallel \phi \parallel , |f_2 (t,\phi ,0)| \leqslant \pi (t)\parallel \phi \parallel , t \geqslant \sigma , \hfill \\ \Pi = \int_0^\infty {\pi (t)dt〈 \infty .} \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$
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  • 50
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 44 (1984), S. 397-406 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Differential equations ; Banach spaces ; distributed control problems ; controllability ; minimal time function
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, it is shown that the minimal time function is locally Lipschitz continuous for the control systemx′=Ax+u in a Banach spadeE, under either of two conditions:A is linear and generates aC 0-semigroup of bounded linear operators; orA is nonlinear, possibly multivalued, and dissipative. The main tool used for the nonlinear case is a result of Barbu concerning the null controllability of the system.
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  • 51
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 39 (1983), S. 237-250 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Linear autonomous control systems ; controllability
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the complete controllability of linear autonomous control systems in any interval of time and the local controllability in any interval of time are investigated. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for both types of controllability.
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  • 52
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 30 (1980), S. 601-620 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control theory ; controllability ; stabilization ; feedback control ; Riccati equation
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we study several reachability and controllability definitions for linear, autonomous systems of degenerate ordinary differential equations. We try to identify the most interesting among them; we prove the connections with stabilizability and full stabilizability properties of the systems, which are also studied. In particular, we show the connection of the stabilizability property with the existence of special solutions of a suitable version of the Riccati equation.
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  • 53
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 29 (1979), S. 291-300 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Nonlinear neutral functional differential inclusions ; function space controllability ; generalized boundary-value problem ; Fan fixed-point theorem ; functional inclusions ; controllability ; nonlinear neutral functional differential systems
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Consider the nonlinear neutral functional differential inclusion (i) $$(d/dt)D(t, x_t ) \in R(t, x_t )$$ , whereD is a continuous operator onIXC, linear inx t , indeed of the form (4) below, with kernelD(t, ·)={0}, and atomic at 0, andR is nonempty, closed, and convex. Here,I≡[t 0,t I ] andC=C([-h,0],E n ). In (i), the derivative is specified in terms of the state at timet as well as the state and the derivative of the state for values oft precedingt. We use the Fan fixed-point theorem to prove the existence of a solution of (i) which satisfies two-point boundary values $$x_\omega = \phi _0 ,x_{t_1 } = \phi _1$$ , where φ0, φ1 belong toC. We next apply this existence result to study the exact function space controllability of the neutral functional differential system (ii) $$(d/dt)D(t, x_t ) = f(t, x_t , u), u(t) \in \Omega (t, x_t )$$ . We present sufficient conditions onf and Ω which imply exact controllability between two fixed functions inC.
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  • 54
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    Theory of computing systems 12 (1978), S. 361-370 
    ISSN: 1433-0490
    Keywords: Nonlinear systems ; controllability ; reachable set ; vector bundle
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Consider the nonlinear system $$\dot x(t) = f(x(t)) + \sum\limits_{i = 1}^m {u_i (t)g_i (x(t)), x(0) = x_0 \in M}$$ whereM is aC ∞ realn-dimensional manifold,f, g 1,⋯.,g m areC ∞ vector fields onM, andu 1 ,..,u m are real-valued controls. Ifm=n−1 andf, g 1 ,⋯,g m are linearly independent, then the system is called a hypersurface system, and necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability are known. For a generalm, 1 ≤m ≤n−1, and arbitraryC ∞ vector fields,f, g 1 ,⋯,g m , assume that the Lie algebra generated byf, g 1 ,⋯,g m and by taking successive Lie brackets of these vector fields is a vector bundle with constant fiber (vector space) dimensionp onM. By Chow's Theorem there exists a maximalC ∞ realp-dimensional submanifoldS ofM containingx 0 with the generated bundle as its tangent bundle. It is known that the reachable set fromx 0 must contain an open set inS. The largest open subsetU ofS which is reachable fromx 0 is called the region of reachability fromx 0. IfO is an open subset ofS which is reachable fromx 0,S we find necessary conditions and sufficient conditions on the boundary ofO inS so thatO = U. Best results are obtained when it is assumed that the Lie algebra generated byg 1,⋯,g m and their Lie brackets is a vector bundle onM.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 24 (1978), S. 315-324 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Feedback control ; bang-bang control ; discontinuous control ; time-optimal control ; controllability
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, a relay-controlled plant, possessing one positive real pole and one negative real pole, is studied. First, a regulating system is considered; we investigate the design of the controller for simultaneous reduction of error and error derivative to zero. It is seen that this can be achieved provided the initial values of error and error derivative fall inside an admissible (or controllable) region. Attention is then focused on the tracking system. It is shown that, provided the input to the system is of a form similar to the impulse response of the plant, and provided the initial values of error and error derivative of the system fall inside the same admissible region, then the controller used for regulating the system can also be used for tracking the system so as to force the output of the plant to follow the input perfectly; in both cases with at mostone switching reversal of the relay.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 26 (1978), S. 379-394 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Reachability ; controllability ; minimax problems ; Banach spaces ; convexity ; reconstructed support functions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract S is taken to be a dynamical system (described by Banach space operators) whose outputy we wish to regulate. The structural complexity ofS (nonlinearities, distributed parameters, etc.) forces us to design a controller forS using an approximate modelM ofS. A convex error bound ϑ describes the accuracy of the approximation ofS byM. For a prescribed target setY t , we considered the problem of driving the output ofS toY t subject to worst possible error excursions betweenM andS. The notion of areconstructed support function is instrumental to the derivation of the main result, Theorem 6.1, which we can paraphrase as follows. IfM is linear (S need not be), then we can describe a finite-dimensional convex programming Problem (P), whose solution tells us whether or notY t is reachable. Theorem 6.1 is then specialized to differential systems approximated in the norm. The computation of numerical solutions is also discussed.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 19 (1976), S. 577-585 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Bounded control problems ; control theory ; controllability ; linear systems
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We study the null controllability with bounded controls of an ordinary control process in ℝ n . To prove controllability conditions for the nonautonomous case, we need to generalize the definition of characteristic exponents of a linear system. Some theorems on characteristic exponents are stated.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 17 (1975), S. 163-168 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Calculus of variations ; controllability ; two-point boundary-value problems
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Conditions are given under which the solution to the simplest problem of the calculus of variations is continuously dependent and differentiable with respect to a free parameter appearing in the integral functional of the problem.
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    Journal of optimization theory and applications 14 (1974), S. 497-503 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control theory ; controllability ; differential equations
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Control processes of the form $$\dot x - A(t) x = B(t) u(t)$$ , which are normal with respect to the unit ballB p′, r′ of the control spaceL p′([τ, T]),l m r ′ are characterized in terms ofH(t)=X(T)X −1(t),B(t),X(t) any fundamental matrix solution of $$\dot x - A(t)x = 0$$ , and directly in terms ofA, B, when bothA andB are independent oft.
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