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  • Electronic Resource  (10)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (10)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1986  (10)
  • chemotherapy
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The future of chemotherapy in malignant brain tumors (1986)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 9 (1986), S. 27-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Cell cultures ; chemosensitivity test ; chemotherapy ; DNA distribution curves ; malignant brain tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Malignant brain tumors respond poorly to chemotherapy. This therapeutic resistance is the result of the marked heterogeneity of malignant gliomas in vivo and in vitro. Different factors, as specific markers, DNA distribution curves, morphology, chromosomal constitution, invasiveness and growth characteristics are considered for the understanding of the biology of malignant brain tumors. A better knowledge of this biology should provide new chemotherapeutic strategies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01743050
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative pharmacokinetic study of adriamycin and 4'epi-adriamycin after their simultaneous intravenous administration (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 629-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: adriamycin ; epirubicin ; anthraquinone glycosides ; pharmacokinetics ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma pharmacokinetics of adriamycin and 4'epi-adriamycin have been studied in 6 patients with ovarian carcinoma after simultaneous intravenous administration of equal amounts of the two anthracyclines. A highly selective liquid chromatographic analytical method permitted quantification of plasma concentrations of the two drugs as well as their corresponding 13-hydroxy metabolites. The plasma concentrations of each drug followed a three-compartment open model, with great interindividual variation in the pharmacokinetic parameters. On average, the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) were 1.6- and 1.2-times larger for adriamycin than for 4'epi-adriamycin. 4'Epi-adriamycin was eliminated faster than adriamycin by 4 of the 6 patients, the average terminal half-life of the latter being 1.4-times longer. The plasma concentrations of the 13-hydroxy metabolites did not exceed 20 ng/ml. Their AUC values averaged 23% of those of the intact drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542426
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Definitional issues in the study of anticipatory nausea in cancer chemotherapy (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 9 (1986), S. 33-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; anticipatory nausea ; cancer ; methodology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Biobehavioral research investigating anticipatory nausea in cancer chemotherapy has been hampered by the lack of a consistent and conceptually defensible definition of this phenomenon. The most frequently employed definitions have failed to account for the possibility that reports of pretreatment nausea might be attributable to pharmacological factors. One possibility is to restrict the definition of anticipatory nausea to instances of nausea or vomiting experienced prior to a treatment on Day 1 of a new chemotherapy cycle. The impact of this and previous common definitions of anticipatory nausea on research addressing the issues of prevalence rates and characteristics associated with the development of anticipatory nausea is illustrated and discussed. Overall, researchers are encouraged to reduce inappropriate criterion group heterogeneity through careful consideration of how the presence or absence of anticipatory nausea is defined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844642
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High yield of PVY-free potato plants from axillary bud cultures after application of lysolecithin analogues and aminoadamantane (1986)
    Springer
    Potato research 29 (1986), S. 169-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; in vitro
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Lysolecithin analogues and aminoadamantane were tested in vitro for their antiphytoviral effect on axillary bud cultures of potato infected with potato virus Y (PVY). Ethyllecithin added to the medium (700 mg/l) gave the best therapeutic effect on axenic axillary buds that were 1.67 mm long. Applying that compound, explant size may be increased and lead to virus elimination without thermal treatment. Thus viruses can be eliminated more effectively than with conventional methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02361990
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shaping future strategies for the pharmacological control of tumor cell metastases (1986)
    Springer
    Cancer and metastasis reviews 5 (1986), S. 3-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7233
    Keywords: chemotherapy ; growth regulation ; paracrine ; predisposition factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The eradication of established metastases in patients with malignant tumors is the single most important objective in clinical oncology. The current panel of antineoplastic agents discovered through random and semiempirical screening procedures has proven largely ineffective in treating disseminated disease and there is a clear and urgent need for more efficient antimetastatic drugs. Unfortunately, although progress has been made in examining the biology of metastatic spread, our understanding of the pharmacology, biochemistry and molecular genetics of this process is meager and insufficient to provide a rational foundation for the design of mechanism-based antineoplastic agents. Faced on the one hand with the failure of existing drugs to control metastatic spread and on the other with a dearth of alternative pharmacological approaches, the prospect of offering significantly improved therapy to the cancer patient of the 1990's is poor. The challenge of the coming decade lies in obtaining better insights into the molecular mechanisms of metastasis and using this information to identify pharmacological opportunities to curtail the proliferation of secondary tumor growths. As a first step toward this goal we need to define more rigorously what constitutes a therapeutic target in malignant disease and what steps in the pathogenesis of cancer metastasis represent the gravest risk to the patient and thus are most eligible for direct pharmacological intervention. In addressing these issues and developing future strategies for antimetastatic drugs, Paget's 100 year-old ‘seed and soil’ hypothesis continues to offer a useful conceptual framework for analysis of metastatic behavior. Although Paget's proposal has been validated by a century of clinical observation, efforts to define the ‘seed and soil’ theory in molecular terms have not been attempted. With the advent of more efficient methodologies for culturing human normal and neoplastic cells coupled with the availability of microanalytical technologies it now becomes possible to investigate and identify the complementary biochemical components of the tumor cell ‘seed’ and organ ‘soil’ that combine to encourage the proliferation of metastases. With this information the design of specific pharmacological strategies to uncouple the ‘seed and soil’ relationship may emerge as a potential therapeutic approach for antagonizing the growth of disseminated malignant tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00049527
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced cellular immunity to varicella zoster virus during treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood:In Vitro studies of possible mechanisms (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical immunology 6 (1986), S. 472-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Varicella zoster virus ; leukemia ; immunosuppression ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To determine the effect of antileukemic therapy on preexisting immunity to varicella zoster virus, we studied 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia maintained in complete continuous remission for greater than 1 year. Cellular immunity was tested by lymphocyte proliferation in response to varicella antigen. Antiviral antibody was measured using the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen technique. Reduced lymphocyte proliferation was found in 9 of 16 seropositive patients when compared to an age-related control group. On the other hand, antibody titers in patients receiving chemotherapy remained positive and were essentially unchanged from pretreatment values. Shingles occurred in two of nine children with diminished and none of seven patients with normal cellular immunity, suggesting that proliferative responses to varicella antigen may have predicative value in identifying patients at risk for viral reactivation. Additional studies were done to determine if defective antigen presentation or reduced lymphocyte responder-cell frequency could account for the subnormal proliferative responses. Intact presentation of varicella antigens by patient mononuclear cells to parental, virus-specific T-cell blasts suggested that antigen processing was not defective. However, varicella-specific responder-cell frequencies measured by limiting dilution analysis were found to be depressed in most patients, including some with normal proliferative responses. Our findings indicate that therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children can be associated with depressed cell-mediated immunity to varicella zoster virus even though patients remain seropositive. Further studies suggest that while monocyte-mediated antigen presentation remains intact, virus-specific lymphocyte numbers decline and probably contribute to decreased cellular immunity to varicella zoster virus in children being treated for leukemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00915253
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial with oral idarubicin in advanced breast cancer (1986)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 4 (1986), S. 39-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: breast cancer ; chemotherapy ; idarubicin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Idarubicin, a new analogue of daunorubicin, was administered to 27 patients with advanced breast cancer in a phase II trial. The drug was given orally at a dose of 30–35 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. Twenty-two patients were evaluable for response. All evaluable patients were previously treated with one or more chemotherapeutic regimens, including an anthracycline in more than 50% of the cases. Partial remissions were obtained in 5 patients, for a response rate of 23%. The median duration of response was 191 days. Mild nausea and vomiting were common. Diarrhea, which occurred in less than 50% of the patients, was usually short-lived. Alopecia was generally minimal. Myelosuppression was the dose-limiting toxic effect. Leukopenia was frequently seen, with full recovery by day 28 in 81 % of the courses. Thrombocytopenia was less common than leukopenia. Four cases of grade 1 acute cardiac toxicity were recorded. This study suggests that idarubicin can induce regressions in advanced carcinoma of the breast, and justifies further studies in combination with other agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172014
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novantrone for childhood malignant solid tumors (1986)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 4 (1986), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: Novantrone ; childhood malignant solid tumors ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary One hundred one patients with advanced pediatric malignant solid tumors, refractory to conventional chemotherapy, were given Novantrone in a Phase II study. A dosage of 18 mg/m2 was administered as a short intravenous infusion every 3 weeks. One complete and 2 partial responses were observed among 26 patients treated for rhabdomyosarcoma; one of 22 patients with neuroblastoma developed a partial response. Nausea and vomiting were uncommon. Leukopenia and/or granulocytopenia developed in 90 of 98 evaluable entries. Two patients developed fatal congestive heart failure, which may have been related to the fact that these patients previously had received doxorubicin; 3 other patients developed evidence of changes in cardiac function, without congestive heart failure. Evidence of activity of this agent in patients who had previously received doxorubicin suggests that Novantrone should be evaluated in pediatric subjects with malignant solid tumors who have had no prior exposure to anthracyclines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172015
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral idarubicin in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (1986)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 4 (1986), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: oral idarubicin ; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Idarubicin (DMDR), a new analogue of daunorubicin, was administered orally once every 3 weeks at the dose of 40 to 45 mg/m2 to 20 evaluable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Eighty-six percent of patients with favorable histology and 54% with unfavorable histology (intermediate and high grade as IWF) achieved a response with an overall response rate of 65% (two complete and 11 partial responses). Response rates were higher (85%) in previously untreated patients than in those with prior exposure to chemotherapy (29%). Gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicity was generally mild to moderate. No signs or symptoms of cardiotoxicity were recorded. Although the quality of response, as well as the relatively low response rate in previously treated patients and in those with unfavorable histology, makes it unlikely that DMDR can replace standard anthracyclines in NHL, the drug appears attractive in selected instances, such as in elderly patients and in those with slow-growing NHL with favorable histology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00179594
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of the cognitive hierarchy in the systematic desensitization treatment of anticipatory nausea in cancer patients: A component comparison with relaxation only, counseling, and no treatment (1986)
    Springer
    Cognitive therapy and research 10 (1986), S. 421-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2819
    Keywords: nausea ; cancer ; desensitization ; relaxation ; chemotherapy ; counseling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Ninety-two ambulatory patients being treated with chemotherapeutic drugs for histologically confirmed cancer who had developed nausea in anticipation of treatment were assigned to one of four conditions: (1) systematic desensitization, (2) relaxation only, (3) Rogerian counseling, and (4) notreatment control. Patients received standard clinic treatment with regard to symptom control. All patients were assessed at two baseline chemotherapy treatments prior to intervention and at two follow-up chemotherapy treatments following intervention. Patients in the first three groups were seen for two 1-hour sessions between successive chemotherapy treatments. Relative to the other three groups, patients given systematic desensitization reported a significant decrease in the severity and duration of anticipatory nausea from baseline to follow-up. Both systematic desensitization and relaxation were found to produce a significant decrease in the duration and severity of posttreatment nausea relative to patients who were not treated or given counseling. These results were found to be independent of patients' ratings of their expectation for success, the credibility of the procedure, or the credibility of the experimenter. Results support a view that systematic desensitization is effective for the control and reduction of anticipatory nausea developed during chemotherapy. Anticipatory side effects are thought to be conditioned. These data support such a view. Results further support a view that both the eliciting stimulus hierarchy and counterconditioned relaxation are required parts of the effectiveness found in the systematic desensitization treatment of anticipatory nausea resulting from chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01173295
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