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  • Gas chromatography
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  • 2020-2024
  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (5)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ein unabhängiges Verfahren zur Messung der Zusammensetzung von Gasgemischen mit Hilfe der Gaschromatographie (1977)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 369 (1977), S. 91-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Gas chromatography ; Gas analysis ; Determination of gas fractions ; Accuracy of the Scholander method
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The volume fraction of gas mixtures may be measured gas chromatographically by application of the 100% method, provided they can be separated. In case of gases it is not necessary to calibrate with another method. The specific character of the detector signals can be eliminated by measurements with pure components. The procedure is compared with the Scholander method. In case of O2/N2 mixtures the results agree within reproducibility, but in case of O2/CO2/N2 mixtures a systematic deviation of the CO2 fractions to smaller values is found as concerns the Scholander method. A gas mixture with 5.6 Vol% CO2 shows a difference of approximately 0.3 Vol%. The gas chromatographic method is almost 100 times as sensitive as the Scholander method. High fractions may be measured without problems and the method is not restricted to O2 and CO2.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580816
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Organic aciduria in hypoxic premature newborns simulating an inborn error of metabolism (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 127 (1977), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Organic aciduria ; Hypoxia ; Prematures ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A very unusual pattern of organic acid excretion was established in the urine of two premature newborns with severe respiratory distress and cerebral haemorrhages. By combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry the following acids were identified: lactic acid, α-hydroxy-butyric acid, β-hydroxy-butyric acid, α-hydroxy-isovaleric acid, and p-hydroxy-phenyllactic acid. Calculation of the concentration revealed an excessive excretion of lactic acid and also very high excretion of the other acids. A post mortem blood sample from one of the patients revealed a comparable pattern. The abnormal urinary organic acid excretion pattern was most probably caused by severe tissue hypoxia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00465564
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Retentionsindices zur gaschromatographischen Identifizierung von Arzneimitteln (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 37 (1977), S. 295-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Schlagwort(e): Retention indices ; Drugs ; Gas chromatography ; Identification ; Drug files ; Toxicology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Benutzung der Kovatsschen Retentionsindices zur Standardisierung in der Gaschromatographie ermöglicht die Aufstellung von gaschromatographischen Dateien und den Datenaustausch zwischen verschiedenen Labors. —Die Faktoren, die zur genauen Erfassung der Retentionsindices notwendig sind, besonders die Temperaturabhängigkeit, werden besprochen. Der Informationsgewinn, der durch die Verwendung der Retentionsindices auf zwei stationären Phasen (OV-1 und OV-17), sowie der Berücksichtigung ihrer Differenzen entsteht, wird anhand von Tabellen dargelegt. Die Effizienz dieser Daten bei der Identifizierung unbekannter Verbindungen wird demonstriert. — Im Anhang sind die Retentionsindices von 72 bei toxikologischen Untersuchungen häufig auftretenden Verbindungen auf den stationären Phasen OV-1 und OV-17 sowie deren Differenzen tabelliert.
    Notizen: Abstract The use of the Kovats retention indices for standardization in gas chromatography enables the compilation of gaschromatographic data and the exchange of those data between different laboratories. Factors important for reliable determination of the retention indices, in particular the temperature dependence, are discussed. The gain in information due to the application of the retention indices and their differences on two stationary phases is demonstrated by means of tables with indication of their efficiency in searching for unknown compounds from such files. In the supplement retention indices on OV-1, OV-17 and their differences for 72 compounds frequently encountered in toxicological analyses are given.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330821
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Radioimmunological screening and gas chromatographic identification of diazepam in blood and serum (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 38 (1977), S. 295-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Schlagwort(e): Diazepam ; Radioimmunoassay ; Gas chromatography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Es wird über die radioimmunologische Bestimmung von Diazepam im menschlichen Blut und Serum berichtet. Diazepam wird aus dem biologischen Material durch Adsorption mit Amberlite XAD-2 und anschließende Desorption mit Äthylacetat angereichert. Der Extrakt wird dann direkt für die Diazepam-Bestimmung durch Radioimmunoassay und Gaschromatographie mit Elektroneneinfang-Detektion eingesetzt. Für den kombinierten radioimmunologischen und gaschromatographischen Nachweis werden 0,5 ml Blut oder Serum benötigt; die untere Empfindlichkeitsgrenze liegt für beide Methoden bei etwa 5 ng/ml. Die Zuverlässigkeit des Radioimmunoassays bezüglich Reproduzierbarkeit, Genauigkeit und Spezifität ist voll zufriedenstellend. Die durch Gaschromatographie und Radioimmunoassay erhaltenen quantitativen Daten zeigen gute Übereinstimmung. Es können mit der radioimmunologischen Methode von einer technischen Arbeitskraft mehr als 200 Proben an zwei Arbeitstagen auf Diazepam untersucht werden.
    Notizen: Abstract A radioimmunoassay for the determination of diazepam in human blood and serum is presented. Diazepam is separated from the bulk of the biological material by adsorption at Amberlite XAD-2 and subsequent desorption with ethyl acetate. The extract thus obtained can be used directly for the determination of diazepam by radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography with electron capture detection. For the combined radioimmunological and gas chromatographic determination 0.5 ml of blood or serum are necessary, the lower detection limit being approx. 5 ng/ml for both of these procedures. A good reliability of the radioimmunoassay is established with respect to precision, accuracy and specificity. The quantitative results obtained by radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography correspond well with each other. The radioimmunological procedure enables the screening of more than 200 samples for diazepam by one technician within two working days.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352034
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Plasma concentrations of perphenazine and its sulphoxide metabolite during continuous oral treatment (1977)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 53 (1977), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Perphenazine ; Perphenazinesulphoxide ; Plasma concentrations ; Steady state ; Gas chromatography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Plasma concentrations of perphenazine (PPZ) (Trilafon®) and perphenazinesulphoxide (PPZSO) were estimated during a 2-week period in 16 patients receiving peroral PPZ treatment for various psychotic disorders. The results demonstrated that the average concentration of three plasma samples was a reasonably good expression of the steady-state plasma level despite a great fluctuation in the concentration from sample to sample. Increased doses in three of the patients resulted in disproportionate increases in the plasma levels. Neurological side effects were recorded and their relation to plasma concentrations are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426481
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Permethylation of Oligomeric and Polymeric Carbohydrates and Quantitative Analysis of the Cleavage Products (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 515-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Schlagwort(e): Permethylation ; Carbohydrates ; Methylation ; Gas chromatography ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Methylation of mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides with methyl iodide/barium oxide or dimethyl sulfate/barium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent rapidly leads to high degrees of methylation. Depending on the structure and solubility of the substrate, permethylation can be achieved either in one operation or by repetition of the same treatment. Procedures of permethylation of various carbohydrates are given. The methyl glycosides obtained on methanolysis can be separated and determined quantitatively by gas chromatography. The preparation of separating columns with minimum retention for this purpose is described. Pullulan was shown to have the structure of a completely linear polymer of maltotriose units connected by α-1→6-linkages. - In addition the gaschromatographic identification of methyl ethers of glucosamine and galactosamine is reported.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196305151
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modern Methods for the Separation and Continuous Measurement in the Gas Phase of Compounds Labelled with Radiocarbon. Radio and Reaction Gas ChromatographyAlso Part VI of the series on Reaction Gas Chromatography. Part V: F. Drawert and G . Kupfer, Hoppe-Seylers Z . physiol. Chem. 329, 90 (1962). (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 540-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Schlagwort(e): Radiocarbon ; Gas chromatography ; Trace analysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In biochemical work with isotopic tracers, it is frequently advantageous to investigate samples in the gas phase. In this way, the selectivity of gas-chromatographic separating columns and the sensitivity of detectors can be utilized for both the detection of gas-chromatographic fractions and the determination of their radioactive portions. Conversion of materials separated by gas chromatography into a single standard chemical compound prior to measurement of the radioactivity is recommended. Methods suitable for 14C-labelled compounds can also be applied to those labelled with 3H or 35S.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196305401
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gas Chromatographic Investigation of Racemization during Peptide SynthesisPresented in brief at the Fifth European Peptide Symposium in Oxford, England, in September, 1962.Respectfully dedicated to Prof. Dr. Adolf Butenandt on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Schlagwort(e): Racemization ; Peptide synthesis ; Gas chromatography ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: It is shown that the methyl esters of many diastereoisomeric N-trifluoroacetyldipeptides can be separated by gas chromatography on Golay columns. This makes it possible for the first time to carry out accurate quantitative investigations of recemization occurring during peptide synthesis without resort to measurements of optical rotation or enzymatic cleavage, and witout having to isolate the peptides. Some well-known methods of forming peptides were examined using the synthesis of the methyl ester of carbobenzoxy-L-valyl-L-valine as an example. The synthesis of the methyl ester of N-trifluoroacetyl-L-valyl-L-valine was investigated as a model for the linking of peptides. The influence on racemization of numerous factors was determined. General conclusions could be drawn regarding peptide synthesis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196301831
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