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  • 1965-1969  (7)
  • 1960-1964  (2)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1850-1859
  • 1965  (7)
  • 1962  (2)
  • 1852
  • Alkenes  (5)
  • Polymers  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eliminations from Olefins (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 49-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Elimination ; Alkenes ; Alkynes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eliminations from olefins are very often initiated by bases, and usually lead to formation of acetylene derivatives. In view of the numerous side-reactions and subsequent additions or rearrangments observed, the nature of the base used is of considerable significance. Organometallic bases are very versatile. In addition to dehydrohalogenation, dehalogenation by metals, and also thermolytic and photolytic eliminations. (e.g. the retrodiene reaction with exchange of substituents) are discussed. Elimination from low-membered cyclic olefins yields cycloalkynes having strained ring-systems, and the existence of these can be demonstrated by trapping them. The mechanisms known for β-elimination (E2, E1 and E1cB) occur also in the case of olefins; however - due to the sp2-hybridization of the carbon atoms taking part - they are realized with different rates of reaction relative to saturated compounds. α-Eliminations from olefines having aryl residues in the β-position lead to formation of arylacetylenes by rearrangement of the carbon skeleton. The mechanism of this reaction, which is known as the Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell rearrangement, is discussed in considerable detail, and several variations of the reaction are considered. According to present-day knowledge carbenes are involved in α-eliminations only when both β-positions of the olefin are occupied by aliphatic substituents, or when they are occupied by aromatic residues where rearrangement to acetylenes is impossible for steric reasons (as for example with 9-chloromethylenefluorene). With organolithium compounds a number of dehydrohalogenations, which are formally β-eliminations, actually proceed via deprotonation on the halogenbearing carbon atom (α-metallation). α-Metallations are the rate-determining steps when ether is used as solvent, but proceed quickly in tetrahydrofuran even at low temperatures. Compounds of the type \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\raise1pt\hbox{$〉$}{\rm C}\raise1pt\hbox{=\kern-3.45pt=}{\rm C(Li)Cl}$\end{document} may be prepared by this method and are recognized as intermediates in α-eliminations.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196500491
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence Distribution in Copolymers. Chemical StudiesAn article on phyical investigations of the sequence distribution in copolymers will appear shortly in this journal. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 394-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Copolymers ; Polymers ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Various chemical procedures are available for studying the sequence distribution in copolymers, but none can be applied routinely. The run-number approach permits the results of such studies to be treated with ease; all results obtained to date are consistent with classical copolymerization theory.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196503941
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence Distribution in Copolymers (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 1051-1060 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Copolymers ; Polymers ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The physical properties of copolymers are determined by their compostions and by the distribution of monomeric sequences in their chains. In some cases, sequence distributions can be determined from or correlated with physical properties observed for copolymers. Such determinations or correlations are relatively simple when calculations are based on run numbers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196510511
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses. Part I: The Acid-Base Character of Phosphonium Salts and AlkylidenephosphoranesParts II and III will appear shortly in this journal. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 583-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phosphonium salts may be regarded as Bronsted acids, and alkylidenephosphoranes as the conjugate bases. Compounds of the two classes exist in equilibrium with each other. Phosphonium salts and alkylidenephosphoranes can be obtained by this “transylidation”. Other methods are also given for the preparation of members of both classes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196505831
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses. Part II. Alkylidenephosphoranes and Halogen CompoundsFor Part I see Angew. Chem. 77,609 (1965), Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 583 (1965). Part III will appear shortly in this journal. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 645-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of alkylidenephosphoranes with compounds containing halogens can be used to prepare ylides, which can be converted in to useful products, e.g. by hydrolysis, by thermal decomposition, or by other reactions. Examples of such products are ketones including cyclic, unsaturated, and branched-chain ketones (including cyclic, unsaturated, and branched-chain ketones), carboxlic esters (including those of unsaturated, branched- chain, polyenecarboxylic, acetylenecarboxylic, and allenecarboxylic acids), and aldehydes.
    Additional Material: 10 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196506451
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Reactions of Alkylidenephosphoranes and their Preparative Uses IIIFor Part I, see Angew. Chem. 77, 609 (1965) Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 583 (1965); for Part II, see Angew. Chem. 77, 651 (1965); Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. 4, 645 (1965).. Alkylidenephosphoranes and Reagents Containing Multiple Bonds (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 830-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Alkylidenephosphoranes ; Phosphonium salts ; Synthetic methods ; Phosphoranes ; Ylides ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A few examples of preparatively useful syntheses using alkylidenephosphoranes and substances containing a C—N or C—C double bond are the preparations of olefins, allenes, pyran derivatives, and cyclopropane derivatives. Olefins, ketones, and monocyclic compounds can be obtained by autoxidation of alkylidenephosphoranes; α, β-dioxo compounds (including cyclicones) can be prepared by oxidation with peroxy-acids. Alkylidenephosphoranes can also be used for the synthesis of azines and Schiff bases. Of the many possibilities offered by the Wittig reaction, only the preparation of tritiated aldehydes and olefins will be considered.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196508301
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclic Compounds as Configurational Models for Stereoregular Polymers (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Configuration ; Polymers ; Tacticity ; Stereochemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is possible to draw analogies between linear polymers and cyclic compounds. Stereochemical considerations developed in this connection led to the recognition of new aspects of importance for the systematic classification of both classes of compounds; for example, asymmetric structures can be predicted which had hitherto never been suspected. - The concept of “diasteric centers” is introduced, and the definition of an “asymmetric center” is expressed in more general terms.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196501071
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Oxidation of Olefins with Palladium Chloride Catalysts (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 80-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Oxidation ; Palladium ; Catalysis ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The oxidation of olefins to carbonyl compounds with palladium compounds, especially the oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde, is at present carried out on a technical scale. The reaction takes place via a palladium-olefin complex, the formation of which is inhibited by halide ions. Hydrolysis to the carbonyl compound is inhibited by hydrogen ions. The knowledge gained by studying the reaction of olefins with pure solutions of palladium salts allows important conclusions to be drawn concerning the action of technical catalyst solutions containing copper and palladium chloride.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196200801
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical Reactions and Mircotacticity of High PloymersPresented at the GDCh-Hauptversammlung Aachen, Sept. 21st. 1961. (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 306-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Tacticity ; Polymers ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction course and kinetics of interfunctional reactions with polymers are determined by the microtacticity of the polymer chain. Among other things, this is shown by the hydrolysis of ester and amide polymers of different tacticities, and by ring-closure reactions (anhydride formation). The physical and physico-chemical properties are also governed by the tacticity.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196203061
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