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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1920-1924
  • 1820-1829
  • 1999  (4)
  • protoplasts
Material
Years
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1920-1924
  • 1820-1829
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 11-20 
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: plant breeding ; protoplasts ; somatic fusion ; ribosomal RNA genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Ribosomal RNA genes were exploited as markers to identify somatic hybrids between Solanum tuberosum cv. Brodick and wild diploid Solanum species, S. megistacrolobum, S. sanctae-rosae and S. sparsipilum and DNA methylation as a possible regulatory factor in gene expression was investigated. Specific restriction enzyme/probe combinations revealed useful polymorphisms in the conserved coding and variable intergenic spacer regions of the ribosomal RNA genes. Some intermediate ribosomal RNA gene profiles indicate hybridity whereas others were characteristic of S. tuberosum cv. Brodick. This evidence is suggestive of somatic exchange/re-arrangement between the NOR region of S. sanctae-rosae and S. tuberosum cv. Brodick. Ribosomal RNA gene copy number analysis of the somatic hybrids did not reveal hexaploid values suggesting that these products are not symmetric hybrids derived from the parental diploid and tetraploid plants. The results indicate site-specific methylation of ribosomal RNA gene sequences for the parental plants; while some somatic hybrids display a reduction, others show an increase. The significance of the findings for somatic cell genetics and plant breeding studies is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: rice ; Oryza sativa L. ; photoperiod sensitive genic male sterility (PGMS) ; protoplasts ; flow cytometry ; tetraploid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plants were regenerated from protoplasts isolated from embryonic suspension cultures of N5047S, a photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) Japonica rice line. Flow cytometric analyses of nuclear DNA content identified some tetraploid regenerates whose agronomic traits could be distinguished from diploid regenerates. Pollen and female fertility of diploid protoplast-derived clones grown under different light and temperature conditions was compared. A promising PGMS protoplast clone, ZAU11S, was developed from these clones. Its male sterility was confirmed as a photoperiod × temperature interaction type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: heartwood constituent ; phytoalexin ; pinosylvin ; Pinus sylvestris ; protoplasts ; stilbene synthase ; transient expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Young pine seedlings respond to environmental stress by induced synthesis of pinosylvin, a stilbene phytoalexin. Heartwood of pine trees is characterized by a high content of pinosylvin. The formation of pinosylvin from cinnamoyl-CoA and three molecules malonyl-CoA catalysed by pinosylvin synthase is typical of the genus Pinus. Its enzyme activity not detectable in unstressed seedlings is substantially increased upon application of stimuli like UV-light or infection with the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. A genomic DNA library was screened with pinosylvin synthase cDNA pSP-54 as a probe. Ten clones were isolated and grouped into five subclasses according to the size of their introns. After subcloning into plasmid T7T3, four different members of the five gene subclasses were characterized by sequencing. Emphasis was put on isolating various promoters and analyzing and comparing their responsiveness. The amino acid sequences deduced from genes PST-1, PST-2, PST-3 and PST-5 shared an overall identity of more than 95%. In gene PST-5, the putative translation start site ATG was replaced by CTG. While promoter regions near the TATAA box were almost identical PST-1, PST-2 and PST-3, further upstream sequences differed substantially. Differences in promoter strength were analysed both in transgenic tobacco plants and by transient expression in tobacco protoplasts. Constructs used contained the bacterial β-glucuronidase under the control of the promoters of pine genes PST-1, PST-2 and PST-3. Upon treatment with UV light or fungal elicitor, the promoter of PST-1 showed highest responsiveness and led to tissue-specific expression in vascular bundles. The data suggest that in pine the gene product of PST-1 is responsible for both the stress response in seedlings and pinosylvin formation in the heartwood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: adventive somatic embryo ; cell culture ; protoplasts ; regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Adventive somatic embryos were initiated from the cut edges of juvenile leaf explants of two cultivars of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid cv. CoL-54 and cv. CP-43/33). This response was achieved using MS medium containing 9 μmol (2 mg l-1) 2,4-D and 500 mg l-1 CH under either continuous or 16-h photoperiod. Regeneration from somatic embryos was achieved under either continuous or 16-h photoperiod on MS basal medium in 5–6 weeks. Using adventive somatic embryos of 20–25 days of age as an explant source, homogeneous cell suspension cultures were initiated in both AA and MS media supplemented with 2 mg l-1 2,4-D and 500 mg l-1 CH. Protoplasts were isolated from homogeneous cell suspension cultures, an average yield being 2.5×107 ml-1 for both the cultivars. The best division efficiency (1.5 and 0.80%) and microcalluses for cv. CoL-54 and cv. CP-43/33, respectively were achieved using modified KPR medium under dark conditions in 6–8 weeks. Microcalluses were proliferated and plant regeneration was achieved from protocalluses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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