Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 18 (1996), S. 133-135 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cadaver ; Embalming ; Anatomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Il y aurait un grand intérêt à utiliser des vertèbres cervicales et des moelles épinières issues de cadavres pour évaluer quels degrés de subluxation traumatique et quelles lésions nerveuses sont liés. Cependant, avant d'entreprendre une telle étude, il serait important d'appréhender le degré de rétrécissement ou d'élargissement de la moelle épinière qui survient au cours de l'embaumement. C'est ce que nous avons réalisé dans ce travail en comparant les diamètres de la moelle épinière de cadavres à ceux de coupes sagittales obtenues par résonance magnétique nucléaire sur des sujets vivants. Les mesures géométriques sur des radiographies de sujets vivants ont déjà été évaluées, mais aucun modèle directement applicable aux traumatismes de la moelle épinière n'a été décrit [1]. Si les diamètres des moelles épinières embaumées représentaient fidèlement les diamètres des moelles épinières des sujets vivants, les colonnes cervicales de cadavres pourraient être utilisées comme modèles. On pourrait évaluer l'importance de la compression de la moelle épinière correspondant à des degrés variés de fractures et de luxations. Notre étude montre que les dimensions de moelles épinières augmentent après l'embaumement selon la technique de Cambridge [4].
    Notes: Summary It would be valuable to use cadaveric models of cervical vertebrae and spinal cord to assess how varying degrees of traumatic subluxation would relate to neurological damage. However, before such a study may be undertaken, it would be important to assess the degree of shrinkage or expansion of the spinal cord that occurs during the embalming process. This is achieved in this study by comparing diameters of cadaveric spinal cord to that of sagittal magnetic resonance scans of living subjects. The geometric measurements of radiographs in living subjects has been assessed but no direct model for spinal cord injury has been described [1]. If embalmed spinal cord diameters were a good estimator of living spinal cord diameters then cadaveric cervical spines could be used as a model. By reproducing various degrees of fracture and dislocation the extent of corresponding cord compression could be assessed. Our study shows that spinal cord dimensions increase after embalming using the Cambridge procedure [4].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Sedierung ; Kinder ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Methohexital ; Propofol ; Key words Children ; Sedation ; Methohexital ; Propofol ; Spontaneous breathing ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The purpose of the present study was to compare two sedation regimens with either propofol (P) or methohexital (M) for elective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with respect to safety, side effects, recovery, and discharge time. Methods. After Institutional Review Board approval, 120 unpremedicated children with a mean age of 26.5 ±21.4 months (M) and 28.1±19.9 months (P) were randomly assigned to receive a hypnotic induction dose of either M or P. Supplemental bolus injections of M or P were administered to maintain adequate sedation. The following parameters were measured: heart rate, oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2), respiratory rate, end-tidal CO2 (PetCO2), side effects, and recovery and discharge times. Results. Spontaneous respiration was maintained in all patients, and ventilatory support was only necessary for 2 min in 1 M patient immediately after the induction dose. The mean loading and total doses for M were 2.3±0.7 and 6.1±3.3 mg/kg respectively, and for P 2.3±0.9 and 5.8±2.7 mg/kg. Following induction SpO2 〈90% occurred in 0.49% with M and in 0.64% with P (n.s.). Apnoe 〉20 s was observed in 2 children each after M and P (n.s.). The frequency of hypoventilation (PetCO2〉48 mmHg) was 0.36% in the M group and 0.71% in the P group (n.s.). MRI sequences had to be repeated in 5% of the children in each group because of spontaneous movements. The heart rate fell significantly during MRI in both groups, while P children had lower frequencies than M children (P〈0.01). Recovery and discharge times were significantly shorter in the P group, at 0.8 min (0.08–4.8) and 2.2 min (0.2–15.0), compared to 1.5 min (0.3–28.5) and 3.5 min (0.6–40.0) in patients receiving P (P〈0.01). No patient required admission to the postanaesthesia care unit and all were free from nausea and vomiting. Discussion. Intravenous sedation with M or P using the reported technique is a safe regimen for children undergoing elective MRI. The fast recovery and discharge times seem to offer advantages over general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The faster recovery and discharge of only a few minutes after P compared with M is without clinical relevance.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es war das Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung, zwei intravenöse Sedierungstechniken mit Propofol (P) oder Methohexital (M) zur elektiven Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) bei 120 Kindern unter 6 Jahren bezüglich Sicherheit, Nebenwirkungen, Aufwachverhalten und Verlegungszeiten zu vergleichen. Jeweils 60 unprämedizierte Kinder erhielten prospektiv, randomisiert eine Einschlafdosis von M oder P und zusätzliche Injektionen bei Anzeichen unzureichender Sedierungstiefe. Herzfrequenz (HF), pulsoxymetrische Sättigung (SpO 2 ), Atemfrequenz (AF) sowie endtidaler CO 2 -Partialdruck (PetCO 2 ) wurden kontinuierlich gemessen. Bei einer Untersuchungdauer von 28,4 min (M) bzw. 28,9 min (P) betrug die durchschnittliche Einschlaf- und Gesamtdosis für Methohexital 2,3±0,7 mg/kg und 6,1 ±3,3 mg/kg und für Propofol 2,3 ±0,9 mg/kg und 5,8±2,7 mg/kg. Erniedrigungen der SpO 2 〈90% traten nur nach der Erstinjektion mit einer Häufigkeit von 0,49% (M) bzw. 0,64% (P) aller Messungen auf. Apnoephasen 〉20 s wurden bei 2 Kindern jeder Gruppe, eine Erhöhung des PetCO 2 〉48 mm Hg in 0,36% (M) bzw. 0,71% (P) aller Meßbeobachtungen registriert. Spontane Bewegungen machten bei 5% der Kinder jeder Gruppe eine Wiederholung der vorangehenden MRT-Sequenz notwendig. Aufwach- und Verlegungszeiten waren mit 0,8 min und 2,2 min unter P signifikant kürzer als unter M (1,5 min und 3,5 min; p〈0,01). 10 min nach MRT-Ende waren alle Kinder gleich vigilant. Übelkeit und Erbrechen wurden weder unter M noch unter P beobachtet. Die vorgestellte intravenöse Monosedierung mit M oder P ist ein sicheres Verfahren zur Ruhigstellung von Säuglingen und Kindern zur elektiven MRT. Beide Medikamente sind gleich gut geeignet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 243 (1996), S. 315-317 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epidural spinal abscess ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the cases of two patients with the very uncommon clinical finding of two noncontiguous spinal epidural abscesses, which were located in the cervical and lumbar spine. In each case the diagnosis of the second spinal abscess was made by MRI only after the appearance of a new neurological deficit. Decompressive spinal surgery and intravenous antibiotic therapy led to complete recovery in one patient; the other patient was moderately disabled. As epidural spinal abscesses can occur at noncontiguous sites, MRI of the entire spine may be necessary in selected cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Congenital muscular torticollis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe three patients with a late presentation of congenital muscular torticollis to emphazise that this non-dystonic type of torticollis has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of cervical dystonia, even in adult patients. Surgery is the treatment of choice. Postoperatively, two of our patients had a transient lesion of the accessory nerve. We assume that in our patients the accessory nerve was embedded in the fibrous tissue around the affected muscle. To prevent damage to the accessory nerve, the incision has to be made distally at about 1 cm above the clavicle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 243 (1996), S. 121-125 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Vertebral artery dissection ; Cervical nerve root compression ; Nuchal pain ; Colour-coded Duplex sonography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vertebral artery dissection may cause upper limb peripheral motor deficit. We report three young patients presenting with nuchal pain followed by a nearly painless proximal paresis of the arm several days later. The cause, as detected by colour-coded Duplex sonography and MRI, was an extracranial dissection of the vertebral artery. The proximity of the intervertebral segment to the vertebral artery and the nerve roots indicated that compression by an intramural haematoma was the likely cause of the disorder. Subsequent examinations during anticoagulation treatment showed almost complete disappearance of the intramural haematoma and of the neurological deficits within a few weeks. We believe that the occurrence of an upper limb peripheral motor deficit should be added to the spectrum of potentially misleading signs of vertebral artery dissection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Positron emission tomography ; Cerebellar diaschisis ; Pontine haematoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebellar glucose metabolism was studied in one patient with a hemipontine haematoma in order to investigate remote metabolic effects within the cerebellar lobules. In the patient, who suffered a circumscribed hemipontine haemorrhage, and in three normal subjects cerebellar glucose metabolisms was studied using18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose and high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET). Regions of interest were placed on sagittal brain slices of co-registered magnetic resonance images for quantitative evaluation of glucose metabolism in each cerebellar lobule. Interruption of corticopontine fibres caused inactivation of pontine nuclei with subsequent contralateral cerebellar diaschisis, mainly in the anterior lobe and the posterior portion of the quadrangular lobule. Damage within the ponto-cerebellar part of the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway, e.g. pontine nuclei and crossing ponto-cerebellar fibres from contralateral pontine nuclei, led to ipsi- and contralateral cerebellar diaschisis within the semilunar, gracile and biventral lobules. High-resolution PET is capable of demonstrating bilateral diaschisis involving specific cerebellar lobules to a different degree that is consistent with the pontine anatomy of the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway and with the location of the haemorrhagic lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Lacunar infarct ; White matter lesions ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cognition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Forty-four patients (mean age 66, SD 8 years) with either clinical evidence of a focal lacunar syndrome (n=36) or with disorders of memory or gait (n=8) in the presence of a lacunar infarct on CT were studied for cognitive functioning and for the presence of white matter lesions on MRI. MR images were assessed by a neurologist and a neuro-radiologist blinded to the clinical data. Thirty-six patients had one or more lacunar infarets on CT or MRI (in the thalamus in 5, in the caudate nucleus in 3 and in the internal capsule or corona radiata in the remaining patients). Twelve patients had multiple infarcts. Severe lesions of the white matter were found in 13 patients, mild to moderate lesions in 20 patients. Scores on Digit Span, Digit Symbol and delayed recall of the 15-Words test were significantly lower in the group with severe lesions, whilst there was a trend in the same direction for the Cognitive part of the Cambridge Examination of Mental Disorders in the Elderly, the Trailmaking B, Stroop colour interference test and the delayed visual reproduction of the Wechsler Memory Scale. These findings suggest that diffuse lesions of the white matter are an independent factor in the pathogenesis of intellectual dysfunction, also in patients with lacunar infarcts, but a truly independent analysis is difficult because the most severe involvement of the white matter tended to be associated with the largest number of lacunar infarcts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Trauma ; Epidermal cyst ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An unusual case of rapid-growing posttraumatic gluteal epidermal cyst with ischiorectal and presacral extension is reported. Pertinent clinical history and magnetic resonance imaging allowed accurate preoperative diagnosis. Cautious complate excision was important to prevent recurrence. To our knowledge, posttraumatic gluteal epidermal cyst with this unusual clinical presentation has not been described previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 72-75 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Soft tissue neoplasms ; Pilomatrixoma ; Gadolinium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two patients (a 16-month-old boy and a 53-year-old man) were referred for MR imaging of a small, subcutaneous nodule at the forearm. Plain films were available in one patient and showed a non-specific well-circumscribed lesion. Upon ultrasonography (1 patient), a nodular, well-circumscribed, hyperechoic lesion was seen. In both cases spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted images (T1W1) showed homogeneous, intermediate signal intensity (SI). On gadolinium-enhanced T1W1 (1 patient), no enhancement was observed. Both lesions showed predominant low-to-intermediate SI on T2WI. At histological examination characteristic findings of pilomatricoma were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 380-386 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Tuberculosis ; Meningitis ; Central nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study 15 patients with clinical findings and positive cerebrospinal fluid analyses for tuberculous meningitis were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tuberculous meningitis was diagnosed in 11 cases when thick meningeal enhancement was present after intravenous injection of gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) in T1-weighted images. Intra-axial tuberculomas were present in 8 patients, 2 of whom had intra-axial tuberculomas without MRI evidence of meningitis. Tuberculomas showed ring or nodular enhancement in postcontrast T1-weighted images, but the most significant MR feature of intraparenchymal tuberculomas was the hypointense appearance of the lesions on T2-weighted images.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 518-522 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Echo-planar imaging ; Brain ; Neoplasms ; Perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 17 patients with histologically proven diagnoses of low-grade astrocytoma (n = 4), high-grade astrocytoma (n = 8), lymphoma (n = 3), and meningioma (n = 2) were examined by using EPISTAR MR imaging. Meningiomas had the highest EPISTAR tumor/white matter contrast and low-grade astrocytomas and lymphomas the lowest. High-grade astrocytomas demonstrated elevated EPISTAR signal with marked regional heterogeneity. There was agreement between tumor vascularity by SPECT and EPISTAR in the five cases where both were done. Our results show that tumor vascularity can be assessed qualitatively by using EPISTAR without the need for contrast medium injection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 704-706 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Ovary, torsion ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Adnexal torsion ; children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Torsion of the adnexa can be the cause of abdominal pain. An immediate diagnosis is very important because early surgical intervention is the only way to save the ovary from necrosis. Torsion of a normal adnexa is rare, but occurs more frequently than is generally appreciated. If US findings are equivocal, MRI can provide additional information. In our case the MRI findings leading to the diagnosis of ovarian torsion were: (a) A medial ovarian mass existed with dislocation of the uterus to the affected side with hyperintense, cystic lesions on T2-weighted images at the periphery of the ovary. (b) Beaked protrusion of the mass continuing in a band-like structure connecting it with the uterus obviously represented the Fallopian tube. (c) Low and inhomogeneous signal intensity of the stroma on T1- and T2-weighted images and lack of gadolinium uptake were indicative of infarction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 92-94 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Anomalous pulmonary venous return ; Scimitar syndrome ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Scimitar syndrome is a rare congenital pulmonary anomaly that is characterized by hypoplasia of the right lung and the right pulmonary artery with anomalous pulmonary venous drainage to the inferior vena cava or the right atrium. Very few reports are available that analyze the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in establishing the diagnosis. We present a case with Scimitar syndrome in which anomalous pulmonary venous return was confirmed by cine MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 262-274 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Neoplasms ; Abdomen ; Pelvis ; Lymph node metastasis ; Malignant lymphoma ; Staging ; Stomach ; Pancreas ; Liver ; Kidney ; Bladder ; Prostate ; Testicles ; Ovary ; Uterus ; Colon ; Rectum ; Computed tomography ; Ultrasonography ; Positron emission tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Lymphangiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This is a review of the role of imaging procedures for the assessment of abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes. The diagnosis of malignant lymphatic spread is rarely the sole purpose of imaging, because it is usually part of a general abdominal examination, most frequently with CT or US, or increasingly with MRI. These studies are often requested in order to obtain information about the situation to be encountered during surgery, or to alert the surgeon to irresectability or to unexpected metastases outside the initially planned area of exploration. In most surgically treated tumours the role of imaging for preoperative staging is limited, due either to its insufficient sensitivity or because the initial treatment is independent of the lymph node stage. Imaging is commonly used to verify treatment response to chemo- or radiotherapy and for follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 451-453 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Varices ; Portal hypertension ; Computed tomography ; Mediastinal mass ; Color Doppler sonogram ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of variceal changes of the azygos vein, hemiazygos vein, and paraesophageal collaterals presenting as bilateral posterior mediastinal masses in a patient with long-standing portal hypertension due to hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. The case is unusual because the varices were considerably larger than those usually encountered in portal hypertension. Dynamic CT allowed the diagnosis in demonstrating the vascular nature of these masses, which enhanced to the same degree as the other vessels. Noninvasive techniques, such as color Doppler sonography and MRI, may also be useful due to their multiplanar capabilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Myelin ; Brain stem ; Pons ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Electrolyte disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a neurologic disorder once thought to be uniformly fatal. With the introduction of CT and MRI there was an increasing number of reports on nonfatal cases of CPM. Nearly all reports on nonfatal cases describe severe clinical syndromes with tetraparesis, bulbar palsy, and coma. We reviewed nine patients with CPM and compared the size of the pontine lesion on MRI and CT with the severity of clinical presentation. Clinical presentation of CPM was highly variable: The symptoms ranged from severe neurologic disorders to mild neurologic disturbances only. Two of nine patients died from CPM. The size of the pontine lesion did not correlate with the severity of the neurologic illness or the final outcome. Mild forms of CPM might be difficult to diagnose clinically. This applies even more for patients with underlying diseases such as Wernicke's encephalopathy, which in itself might cause a clinical picture similar to that of CPM. Central Pontine Myelinolysis is a major differential diagnosis in acute neurologic deterioration indicating pontine damage. Magnetic resonance imaging is the decisive diagnostic tool for CPM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Osteoid osteoma ; Osteoblastoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We assessed the value of contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed MRI on nine patients with osteoid osteomas and osteoblastomas. The results were compared with plain films, bone scintigraphy, computed tomography (CT) and pathological specimens. On contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images the non-calcified nidi showed homogeneous enhancement, whereas the calcified lesions showed a ring enhancement sign that was proportional in intensity to the extent of the remaining part of the vascularized nidus. The degree of bone marrow and soft tissue enhancement was relative to the size and reactive inflammatory changes of the lesions. Although CT was diagnostic in most of the cases and more specific to show the calcified lesions, MRI was confirmatory in one case. We concluded that, although CT is the primary diagnostic investigation in osteoid osteomas, MRI can be reserved for equivocal cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 297-311 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ultrafast magnetic resonance ; Echo-planar imaging ; Heart imaging ; Perfusion study ; Magnetic resonance angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to provide excellent morphological images of the body organs, particularly structures undergoing little physiologic motion. Nevertheless, the clinical usefulness of MRI has been hampered by long acquisition times, high cost of scanning because of limited patient throughput, and image artifacts due to patient motion. With recent technical developments, several ultrafast scanning techniques capable of acquiring images in a breath-hold now find their introduction into clinical use. The system improvements are potentially useful for a vast range of applications hitherto not accessible to MR imaging. Among these are functional brain imaging, realtime imaging of cardiac motion and perfusion, fast abdominal imaging, improved MR angiography, and potentially real-time monitoring of interventional procedures. Whereas some ultrafast techniques can be performed on conventional scanners, echo-planar imaging, the fastest currently available data acquisition strategy, requires specially designed hardware. This article provides on overview of the technical advances in the ultrafast MRI and discusses potential applications and the possible future impact on body scanning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 838-843 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Fast techniques ; Echo-planar imaging ; Focal liver lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The performance of breath-hold MR imaging using two T2-weighted hybrid sequences (TSE, TGSE), two T2-weighted single-shot sequences (HASTE, EPI-SE), and one T1-weighted gradientecho sequence (FLASH) was compared with a standard conventional T2-weighted SE sequence in 20 patients with focal liver lesions. Liver signal-to-noise ratio was highest spleen-liver contrast-to-noise ratio (54.3 ± 8.3) and thee HASTE (41.1 ± 12.5) sequence, whereas the highest spleen-liver contrast-noise-ratio was obtained by the TSE sequence (38.9 ± 20.7). Lesion-liver CNR was highest with the TSE sequence (63.9 ± 21.4). With both TSE and HASTE significantly (p 〈 0.01) more lesions were detected as compared with SE and EPE-SE sequences. Our results indicate that breath-hold TSE and HASTE sequences will eventually replace conventional T2-weighted SE techniques due to their insensitivity to motion artifacts, superior lesion detectability and inherently short acquisitions times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Bone marrow ; Spectroscopic fat suppression ; Turbo spin echo ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was the assessment of the diagnostic value of fat-suppression T2-weighted images for a variety of bone marrow lesions. We performed 40 studies of the axial or appendicular skeleton in 33 patients (age range 4–80 years) with neoplastic, inflammatory or traumatic lesions with a 0.5 T system (Glyroscan T5, Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands). Fat-suppression T2-weighted images [turbo spin echo (TSE) with spectral presaturation with inversion recovery (SPIR)] were obtained in addition to the routine T1-weighted SE and T2-weighted TSE sequences. Fat-suppression TSE T2-weighted images were better than standard TSE T2-weighted images in 25 studies. In 11 of them demonstration and characterization of the lesions (known from T1-weighted images) was possible only after fat suppression In the other 14 patients demonstration of the full extent of the lesion especially to the nearby soft tissues was possible only after fat suppression. In 13 studies no advantage was conferred by SPIR, whereas in two instances T2-weighted images were better. Fat-suppression T2-weighted images are diagnostically usefull in a variety of lesions of the musculoskeletal system, but their limitations should be known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebral ischemia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Hyperglycemia ; Diffusion imaging ; Reperfusion ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The early evolution of ischemic brain injury under normoglycemic and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic plasma conditions was studied using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to either permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), or 1-h MCAO followed by reperfusion using the intraluminal suture insertion method. The animals were divided into four groups each with eight rats: normoglycemia with permanent MCAO, normoglycemia with 1-h MCAO, hyperglycemia with permanent MCAO, and hyperglycemia with 1-h MCAO. Diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) and T2-weighted images (T2WIs) were aquired every l h from 20 min until 6 h after MCAO, at which time cerebral plasma volume images (PVIs) were acquired. Tissue infarction was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining at 7 h after MCAO. The ischemic damage, measured as the area of DWI and T2WI hyperintensity and tissue infarction, increased significantly in hyperglycemic rats in both permanent and transient MCAO models. In the permanent MCAO model, the maximal apparent water diffusion coefficient (ADC) decline under either normoor hyperglycemia was about 40%, but the speed of ADC drop was faster in hyperlgycemic rats than in normoglycemic rats. Reperfusion after l h of MCAO in normoglycemic rats partly reversed the decline in ADC, whereas the low ADC area continued to expand after reperfusion in the hyperlgycemic group. Between the two hyperglycemic groups with either permanent MCAO or reperfusion, no significant difference was found in the infarct volume measured at 7 h after MCAO. However, reperfusion dramatically increased the extent and accelerated the development rate of vasogenic edema. ADC in the hyperglycemic reperfusion group also dropped to a lower level. A large “no-reflow” zone was found in the ischemic hemisphere in the hyperglycemic reperfusion group. This study provides strong evidence to support that preischemic hyperglycemia exacerbates ischemic damage in both transient and permanent MCAO models and demonstrates, using MRI, that reperfusion under preischemic hyperglycemia accelerates the evolution of early ischemic injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 11 (1996), S. 45-46 
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Purulent cystic lymphangioma ; Mesenteric cyst ; Intra-abdominal cystic lymphangioma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Infected intra-abdominal cystic lymphangiomas are very rare. We report a case of a purulent mesenteric cyst, histologically a cystic lymphangioma, w which developed in a 1-year-old girl who presented with marked abdominal distension and high fever. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the huge cystic lesion occupied the entire peritoneal cavity. It originated from the mesocolon. It was removed completely, and contained sticky pus at the base where the right fallopian tube penetrated it, which indicated the focus of infection. This may be the first report of a purulent mesenteric cyst in which the route of infection was suspected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    ISSN: 1438-1435
    Keywords: Diaphragmatic rupture ; Blunt abdominal trauma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Plain radiographs ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two patients are reported with rupture of the right and left hemidiaphragms, respectively, after blunt abdominal trauma. The diagnosis in both cases was suggested by plain radiographs and computed tomography but was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. The magnetic resonance scan in both cases clearly showed the diaphragmatic injury and herniation of abdominal contents into the chest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    ISSN: 1438-1435
    Keywords: Diaphragm, rupture ; Penetrating trauma ; Solitary pulmonary nodule ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Helical technology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of liver herniation through an occult diaphragmatic injury presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule. The value of clinical history as well as the utility of helical computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in avoiding this pitfall are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Emergency radiology 3 (1996), S. 9-15 
    ISSN: 1438-1435
    Keywords: Cervical spine ; Trauma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ligament
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study is a retrospective review of 43 patients with acute cervical spine trauma, including 97 ligamentous injuries of various types diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three general patterns of ligamentous injury were observed, including: complete rupture; partial avulsion or attenuation of the ligament, without frank rupture; and combined osseous and ligamentous fragment. Overall, proton density and T2*-weighted gradient-echo or T2-weighted spinecho images in the sagittal plane provided the best evaluation of the spinal ligaments. Axial proton density and T2*-weighted gradient images were useful only in assessment of the trasverse portion of the cruciate ligament. By providing direct visualization of the spinal ligaments, MRI demonstrated multiple case of ligamentous injury that were greater than expected or unexpected from plain radiographic and computed tomographic findings. Surgical proof was obtained for 11 patients with 14 ligamentous injuries that were diagnosed by MRI independently. There were two false-positive MRI diagnoses for posterior longitudinal ligament rupture, but no false-negatives among these 11 patients. This study indicates that MRI allows accurate diagnosis of cervical spine ligamentous injuries that are otherwise only inferred by the mechanism of injury and resulting spinal alignment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Hydrocephalus ; Leukemia ; Leukoencephalopathy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Shunt surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the case histories of identical twin brothers who developed concordant acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the age of 4 years and who later developed leukoencephalopathy and hydrocephalus related to central nervous system prophylaxis by, in the first case intrathecally administered methotrexate and, in the second by intrathecally administered methotrexate and cranial irradiation. The delayed encephalopathy developed 9 and 22 months respectively after the first dose of intrathecal methotrexate. Both patients underwent cerebrospinal fluid shunting mainly for their hydrocephalus. The imaging studies have shown that both hydrocephalus and leukoencephalopathy have improved significantly after ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion. We review the pathophysiology of prophylaxis-related encephalopathy in leukemia patients and summarize its clinical, histological, and radiological characteristics. We also discuss the possible contribution of altered cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the development of leukoencephalopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Meningomyelocele ; Chiari type II malformation ; Somatosensory evoked potentials ; Brainstem auditory evoked potentials ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty patients with meningomyelocele (MMC) and shunted hydrocephalus, ranging in age from 3 to 23 years old, underwent serial recording of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to median nerve stimulation, on the basis of which to assess the evolution of dysfunction in the brainstem and its connections (cervical spinal cord, cervical nerve roots, lower cranial nerves). Eighteen patients had Chiari type II malformations, none of which was symptomatic. In all 20 patients, serial SEP recordings were obtained repeatedly after periods ranging from 2 to 7 years. The results were as follows: (1) the ratio of $$EP - N\overline {13}$$ interpeak latencies (IPLs) to body height (BH) tended to lengthen gradually after starting in the normal range with growth. (2) In contrast, the ratio $$N\overline {13} - N\overline {20}$$ IPLs/BH decreased continously to the normal range with growth, after initial prolongation. These findings and our earlier studies of brainstem auditory evoked potentials suggest that compression and traction result in strangulation of the cervical spinal cord and kinked medulla as well as stretching of the cervical nerve roots and lower cranial nerves. However, primary intrinsic functional disorders of the brainstem appeared to improve gradually during growth. The natural history of Chiari type II malformations involves these opposing dynamic phenomena in the hindbrain and its connections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 12 (1996), S. 48-51 
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Enterogenous cyst ; Klippel-Feil anomaly ; Neurenteric cyst ; Spinal dysraphism ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two cases of cervico-dorsal neurenteric cysts are presented, one located dorsal and the other ventral to the spinal cord, with associated Klippel-Feil anomaly, meningocele, spinal dysraphism and possibly spinal cord malformation. One patient was operated on as a neonate for a cervico-thoracic meningocele and presented during adolescence with spastic quadriparesis. Imaging revealed spina bifida, a dorsally located neurenteric cyst and a tendency towards split cord malformation. The other child presented with cervicothoracic kyphoscoliosis and paraparesis. Imaging demonstrated persistence of a cervico-thoracic remnant of the primitive neurenteric canal through the upper thoracic spine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 253 (1996), S. 425-428 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Endolymphatic sac ; Fluctuating hearing ; Large vestibular aqueducts ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The vestibular aqueduct (VA) and endolymphatic sac (ES) were examined by magnetic resonance imaging in eight patients (14 ears) with large VAs, and the results were compared with those obtained in five normal volunteers (10 ears). It was not possible to identify either the VA or ES in any of the control ears. However, in all the 14 ears with a large VA, the VA was detected as a fluid-filled structure. In 12 ears the ES was seen to be markedly enlarged and also filled with fluid. In one ear, the volume of the fluid-filled space within the VA and ES was measured as 912 mm3 on serial images. Five patients (ten ears) were observed to have a fluid-filled VA and enlarged ES without cochlear anomalies and reported frequent episodes of sudden hearing loss and vertigo following exercise, long exposure to sunshine, minor trauma and the like. Two other patients (three ears) also had enlarged VA and ES as well as cochlear anomalies, but did not have episodes of sudden hearing loss and vertigo. These findings suggest that direct transmission of intracranial pressure changes to the inner ear or subsequent movement of endolymph in patients with a large VA may adversely influence a seemingly normal cochlea and vestibule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    ISSN: 1432-1327
    Keywords: Key words Gd(III) complexes ; Contrast agents ; Proton relaxation enhancement ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Human serum albumin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The non-covalent interaction between human serum albumin (HSA) and DOTA-like Gd(III) complexes containing hydrophobic benzyloxymethyl (BOM) substituents has been thoroughly investigated by measuring the solvent proton relaxation rates of their aqueous solutions. The binding association constants (K A) to HSA are directly related to the number of hydrophobic substituents present on the surface of the complexes. Furthermore, an estimation of ΔH° and ΔS° has been obtained by the temperature dependence of K A. Assays performed with the competitor probes warfarin and ibuprofen established that the complexes interact with HSA through two nearly equivalent binding sites located in the subdomains IIA and IIIA of the protein. Strong relaxation enhancements, promoted by the formation of slowly tumbling paramagnetic adducts, have been measured at 20 MHz for complexes containing two and three hydrophobic substituents. The macromolecular adduct with the latter species has a relaxivity of 53.2±0.7 mM–1 s–1, which represents the highest value so far reported for a Gd(III) complex. The temperature dependence of the relaxivity for the paramagnetic adducts with HSA indicates long exchange lifetimes for the water molecules dipolarly interacting with the paramagnetic centre. This is likely to be related to the formation, upon hydrophobic interaction of the complexes with HSA, of a clathrate-like, second-coordination-sphere arrangement of water molecules. Besides affecting the dissociative pathway of the coordinated water molecule, this water arrangement may itself significantly contribute to enhancement of the bulk solvent relaxation rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: mPICA infarction ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Digital subtraction angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Descriviamo il caso di un infarto bilaterale nel territorio delle branche mediali della arteria cerebellare postero inferiore (mPICA). La paziente, una donna di 57 anni, non aveva fattori di rischio per cerebropatia vascolare, eccettuata una lunga storia di ipertensione arteriosa. Sono state formulate diverse ipotesi patogenetiche in grado di giustificare questo inusuale sito di lesione: A) due PICA che originino da una arteria basilare occlusa; B) entrambe le branche mediali che originino dalla stessa PICA in un lato; C) una genesi emodinamica con una ipoperfusione nelle branche più periferiche delle arterie; D) un doppio simultaneo stroke embolico nel territorio delle mPICA. Sulla base del decorso clinico e degli esami strumentali (Ecodoppler dei vv. epiaortici, ecocardiogramma, RM, angioRM, TC ed angiografia digitale intrarteriosa) nessuna di queste ipotesi può essere singolarmente considerata come responsabile della lesione. Proponiamo, quindi, che una anastomosi tra le PICA debba rappresentare la necessaria predisponente condizione sulla quale siano poi intervenuti ulteriori fattori determinanti l'evento ischemico acuto.
    Notes: Abstract We present an unusual case of simultaneous bilateral cerebellar infarction in the territory of the medial and intermediate branches of the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries (mPICA). The patient, a 57-yr old woman, had no risk factors for cerebrovascular disease but a long-standing hypertension. Pathogenetic hypotheses of this unusual ischemic site of lesion may be referred to: A) two PICAs arising from an occluded basilar artery; B) both medial branches arising from the same PICA on one side; C) a haemodynamic mechanism with hypoperfusion in the most peripheral branches of the arteries; D) a double, simultaneous embolic stroke in mPICAs territory. Based on clinical course, supraortic duplex-scan, echocardiography, MRI, angioMRI and CT scans, and digital subtraction angiography, none of these hypotheses could be clearly associated with the pathogenesis of the lesion. Nevertheless, we propose that an anomalous common mPICA for both cerebellar territories should represent the necessary condition for the ischemic insult and, simultaneously, other factors should intervene as possible determining events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Myocardial perfusion imaging ; Gated single-photon emission tomography ; Technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Left ventricular function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have validated ECG-gated emission tomography using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile for the assessment of regional ventricular function by comparing it with cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gated tomography was performed at rest in 24 patients referred for myocardial perfusion imaging [17 males and seven females with a mean age of 58 years, nine of whom had had a previous myocardial infarction (MI)]. Scores were assigned to each of nine myocardial segments for wall motion and for thickening. Cine MRI was analysed in an identical fashion. Four out of 216 (2%) segments were uninterpretable by gated tomography because of inadequate tracer uptake. In eight patients without coronary artery disease (CAD), wall motion and thickening were normal by both methods. Gated tomography showed abnormal wall motion or thickening in all patients with previous MI and in five of seven patients with CAD but no prior MI. Association between wall motion and thickening was good (r s=0.86). Overall, there was good agreement between gated tomography and MRI for both wall motion (178/212 segments, κ=0.66) and wall thickening (184/212 segments, κ=0.69). In segments with severely reduced perfusion, however, there was poorer agreement (κ=0.31). Interobserver and intraobserver agreement was high (κ from 0.61 to 0.78). Thus, in patients investigated for CAD, there is good overall agreement between gated tomography and MRI but the agreement is lower in segments with severe perfusion defects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Thallium-201 single-photon emission tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neuro-oncology ; Glioblastoma ; Tumoral necrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Single-photon emission tomography (SPET) with thallium-201 is used in the assessment of patients with gliomas because the amount of201Tl accumulated by the tumoral cells increases in proportion to the degree of tumour malignancy, thus making it possible to differentiate high-grade from low-grade gliomas or recurrences from radiation necrosis. However, in large areas of tissue such as those examined in201Tl SPET studies, the uptake of201Tl may vary considerably even in tumours with the same histological diagnosis, as occurs in glioblastomas (GBMs). In order to evaluate the possible influence of the macroscopic characteristics of tumours on201Tl uptake, we studied a series of 13 patients with histologically proven GBMs, comparing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters such as tumour dimensions, perilesional oedema, intratumoral necrosis and contrast enhancement with the degree of201Tl uptake. The patients underwent both201Tl SPET and MRI before surgery. The201Tl index (tumour/contralateral unaffected brain) was calculated using two different region of interest (ROI) methods: the first employed irregular large ROIs (3.2±13.9 cm2) including pixels with more than 50% maximum activity; the second employed regular square small ROls (2.7 cm2) centered on the maximum activity of the lesion. Of the MRI morphological parameters studied, only necrosis significantly reduced the degree of201Tl uptake in GBMs when larger ROIs were used. However, by using small regular ROIs the influence of necrosis on201Tl uptake was found to be less relevant. Since necrosis is related to tumour proliferative activity and represents a negative prognostic factor in astrocytoma, a possible underestimation of201Tl uptake due to intratumoral necrosis must be carefully evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Breast cancer ; Scintimammography ; Technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ; Mammography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of scintimammography with technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI; SMM) in the detection of primary breast cancer with that of mammography (MM) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fifty-six patients with suspected lesions detected by palpation or MM were included in the study. Within the 4 weeks preceding excisional biopsy, MM and MRI were performed in all patients. Between 5 and 10 min after the injection of 740 MBq99mTc-MIBI, SMM in the prone position was performed. In the total group of 56 patients, 43 lesions were palpable, while 13 were non-palpable but were detected by MM. Breast cancer was confirmed by histopathology in 27 of the patients (22 palpable and 5 non-palpable carcinomas). The tumour size ranged from 6 to 80 mm in diameter. For non-palpable lesions, the sensitivity of SMM, MM and MRI was 60%, 60% and 100%, respectively, while the specificity was 75%, 25% and 50%, respectively. For palpable breast lesions, all methods showed high sensitivity (SMM 91%, MM 95%, MRI 91%) but SMM demonstrated significantly higher specificity (SMM 62%, MM 10%, MRI 15%). In two mammographically negative tumours (dense tissue), SMM showed a positive result. In comparison to MRI, one additional carcinoma could be diagnosed by SMM. It may be concluded that for palpable breast lesions, the diagnostic accuracy of SMM is superior to that of MM and MRI. Through the complementary use of SMM it is possible to increase the sensitivity for the detection of breast cancer and multicentric disease. In patients in whom the status of a palpable breast mass remains unclear, SMM may help to reduce the amount of unnecessary biopsies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 23 (1996), S. 971-975 
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Three-phase bone scintigraphy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Scaphoid fractures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly useful in the evaluation of musculoskeletal problems, including those of the wrist. In patients with a wrist injury, MRI is used mainly to assess vascularity of scaphoid non-union. However, the use of MRI in patients in the acute phase following carpal injury is not common. Three-phase bone scintigraphy is routinely performed from at least 72 h after injury in patients with suspected scaphoid fracture and negative initial radiographs. We evaluated MRI in this patient group. The bone scan was used as the reference method. Nineteen patients were included. Bone scintigraphy was performed in all 19 patients, but MRI could be obtained in only 16 (in three patients, MRI was stopped owing to claustrophobia). In five patients, MRI confirmed a scintigraphically suspected scaphoid fracture. In one patient, a perilunar luxation, without a fracture, was seen on MRI, while bone scintigraphy showed a hot spot in the region of the lunate bone, suspected for fracture. This was confirmed by surgery. In two patients, a hot spot in the scaphoid region was suspected for scaphoid fracture, and immobilization and employed for a period of 12 weeks. MRI was negative in both cases; in one of them a scaphoid fracture was retrospectively proven on the initial X-ray series. In another two patients, a hot spot in the region of MCP I was found with a negative MRI. In both, the therapy was adjusted. In the remaining six patients, both modalities were negative. We conclude that in the diagnostic management of patients with suspected scaphoid fracture and negative initial radiographs, the use of MRI may be promising, but is not superior to three-phase bone scintigraphy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European spine journal 5 (1996), S. 243-250 
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Intramedullary tumors ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Evoked potential monitoring ; Intraoperative ultrasound imaging ; Spinal cord tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumors have been significantly influenced by new diagnostic and surgical tools such as MRI, ultrasonic aspiration, intraoperative ultrasound, and evoked potential monitoring. In this study we compared the surgical results of our earlier cases using conventional methods with more recent cases using these new methods. We report our experience based on 44 adult cases. Histologic diagnosis revealed ependymoma (20 cases), astrocytoma (15 cases), glioblastoma multiforme (1 case), and other histologic diagnoses (8 cases). We performed 20 gross total resections, 19 partial resections, and 5 biopsies. The mean follow-up period was 25.8 months (3 months-10 years). Surgical results were improvement in 11 patients (25%), stabilization in 24 (54%), and deterioration in 9 (20%). The first 28 cases (group A) were diagnosed using conventional ventional myelography and CT myelography. The more recent 16 cases (group B) were diagnosed with MRI and operated on using techniques such as ultrasonic aspiration, intraoperative monitoring and ultrasound imaging. Radical surgery (total excison) was performed in 36% (n=10) of group A, while it was possible in 62% (n=10) of group B. Deterioration after operation was noted in 28% (n=8) of group A, but only 6.2% (n=1) of group B. These results stress the importance of a preoperative MRI scan and the positive effects of intraoperative ultrasound imaging, ultrasonic aspiration, and evoked potential monitoring on surgical results. With the help of these tools, most intramedullary spinal cord tumors may be diagnosed and treated surgically with significantly decreased risk. Radical surgery was possible in as many as 62% of our more recent patients. Partial resection with radiotherapy should be confined to patients with high-grade astrocytomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Discectomy ; Effectiveness ; Fibrosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neurosurgery ; Pain ; Radiculopathy ; Safety ; Scarring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Study design: This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter, double-blind study. Objectives: The study evaluated the use of ADCON®-L Anti-Adhesion Barrier Gel to inhibit peridural fibrosis and reduce fibrosis-related symptoms after first-time lumbar discectomy. Summary of background data: Peridural scarring causes tethering of dura and nerve roots, contributing to pain and functional limitation, and that symptoms are evident by 6 months after surgery. Methods: Following discectomy, ADCON-L was applied to patients in the active treatment group. Outcome measures were reduction of peridural scar and postoperative pain. Results: There is an association between peridural scar and recurrent radicular pain. Patients having extensive peridural scar were three times more likely to experience recurrent radicular pain than those patients with less extensive scarring. ADCON-L inhibited peridural scar. Compared to the control group, there was a 23% reduction in the number of patients with extensive peridural scar and a 120% increase in the number of patients having minimal or no scar. ADCON-L reduced the incidence of activity-related pain. There was up to a 50% reduction in the number of patients reporting increased pain while doing typical activities of daily living. Conclusions: ADCON-L is safe, reduces peridural fibrosis, and improves postoperative patient outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Cerebral infarction ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spectroscopy ; Metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy has proved to be useful for monitoring a number of metabolites in cerebral infarction. Combined magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy investigations were carried out in 14 patients with a recent ischaemic stroke (〈 1 week); follow-up examinations were performed from day 28 to day 252 after stroke. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the changes ofN-acetyl-aspartate, choline, creatine-phosphocreatine, lactate and clinical evolution measured by the Scandinavian Neurological Scale (SNS). Initially the lactate magnetic resonance signal was present in all patients and the other metabolite contents were significantly reduced (P 〈 0.001; unpairedt-test) as compared with those on the contralateral side. Spearman's rank correlation test showed a positive correlation between the initial reduction ofN-acetyl-aspartate content and the SNS (P 〈 0.05), and between the finalN-acetyl-aspartate content and the SNS (P 〈 0.001). Our results suggest that serial examination in stroke patients may provide further prognostic information and encourage controlled clinical studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: White matter ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Alzheimer's disease ; Corpus callosum ; Signal hyperintensity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously demonstrated with MRI that as well as marked white matter involvement in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), atrophy of the corpus callosum may also be present. This finding prompted us to study possible correlations between atrophy of the corpus callosum and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and between white matter lesions and the severity of the disease. We compared the corpus callosum and white matter lesions on MRI from 15 AD patients and 15 controls. The white matter lesions were scored according to the Scheltens' rating scale. We found a significant reduction of the area of the corpus callosum and more severe white matter lesions in AD patients than in controls. Both atrophy of the corpus callosum and the severity of lesions depended mainly on the diagnosis of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type and on age but not on the diagnosis of presenile AD. We demonstrated a negative correlation between white matter lesions scores and areas of corpus callosum in AD patients and no correlation between the white matter lesions and the severity of the disease. We demonstrated that white matter lesions including WMH and atrophy of the corpus callosum are more frequent in AD than in controls. The predominance of white matter lesions in senile AD may be explained by the combination of aging and disease processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Herpes simplex virus encephalitis ; Amygdala Hippocampus ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The long-term neuropsychological and psychiatric sequelae of herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) and their relationship to the volume of temporal lesions and to amygdala and hippocampus damage remain undefined. We have conducted a prospective study of longterm sequelae in 11 patients with clinically presumed HSVE and detection of HSV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid by polymerase chain reaction. Six months after encephalitis, patients underwent neuropsychological and language assessment. At the same stage, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) evaluated the occurrence of hypoperfusion with an index of asymmetry. MRI was used for the measurement of amygdala, hippocampus and cerebral lesions by two blind neurologists. The volume of the amygdala and hippocampus was compared with those of five controls, matched for age and level of education. Longterm memory disorders were seen in 6 patients, associated with the larger lesions and damage of at least two structures. Long-term behavioural changes with emotionalism, irritability, anxiety or depression were prominent in 7. Left prefrontal hypoperfusion appeared in 8 patients, associated with psychiatric disorders in 7 and left amygdala damage in 6. The reduction of amygdala and hippocampus volume was correlated with the overall volume of lesions. Different patterns of mesial temporal lobe damage occurred, involving either amygdala alone, or amygdala and hippocampus, but never hippocampus alone. MRI volumetric measurements in HSVE could be a good indicator of long-term prognosis. Persistant behavioural changes could be related to an amygdala and frontal dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Disability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was performed to achieve a better definition of the nature of the disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Axial spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at C5 was obtained in 15 patients with benign MS, 17 patients with secondary progressive MS and 10 healthy controls. Patients with secondary progressive MS had smaller spinal cord cross-sectional area (P = 0.01) and transverse diameter (P = 0.006) than patients with benign MS. The degree of disability was inversely correlated with both the cross-sectional area (r = −0.6,P = 0.0018) and transverse diameter (r = −0.5,P = 0.0032) of the cord. Spinal cord atrophy was found in 7 (41%) patients with secondary progressive MS and in 2 (13%) with benign MS. These findings suggest that destructive pathology within MS lesions might play a relevant role in the development of disability in MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Gadolinium ; Cytokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study we assessed the subclinical disease activity in 45 patients with primary progressive, secondary progressive or relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). The patients had gadolinium-enhanced brain MRI scans, which were analysed using a semiquantitative method both for lesion load and for degree of enhancement. At the same time cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples were collected and, from these, cytokine levels were measured in most cases by enzyme-linked immunoassay using commercially available kits. Enhancing lesions on MRI were found in 73% of the patients. The sensitivity of this test was greatly increased by our method of analysis as far as the primary progressive patients are concerned (70% vs 40% for conventional evaluation). CSF interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β) levels were above the normal range in 22% and IL-6 levels in 13% of patients, while tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was undetectable or below the upper normal limits in all the samples tested. Serum IL-1 β was above the normal limits in 40%, IL-6 in 42% and TNF-α in 7% of patients. No significant differences in cytokine profiles were found between the clinical subgroups. This study confirms the high sensitivity of gadolinium-enhanced MRI in detecting MS activity, which was further increased by our method of analysis. Longitudinal studies performed with more sensitive immunological techniques are needed to define better the relationship between cytokine, clinical and MRI data in MS patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Cervical laminoplasty ; Spinal cord ; Lordosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated lordotic alignment and posterior migration of the spinal cord following en bloc open-door laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy. Fifty-five patients (32 men and 23 women) were studied, with an average follow-up of 2.4 years. Radiological examination included evaluation of lordosis of the cervical spine and spinal cord, degree of enlargement of bony spinal canal, and the magnitude of posterior cord migration. We also correlated these changes with neurological improvement. Postoperatively, there was an average of 5% loss of cervical spine lordosis (P 〉 0.01) on radiographs and 12% reduction in the lordotic alignment of the spinal cord (P 〉 0.05) on magnetic resonance imaging. Postoperatively, the size of the bony spinal canal increased by 48%. Posterior cord migration showed a significant correlation with the preoperative cervical spine and spinal cord lordosis (P 〈 0.05). Thirty-seven (67%) patients with neurological improvement exceeding 50% showed significant posterior cord migration following laminoplasty compared with those demonstrating less than 50% improvement (P = 0.01). Our results suggest that a significant neurological improvement is associated with posterior cord migration after cervical laminoplasty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 244 (1996), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Distal myopathy ; Muscular dystrophy ; Miyoshi ; myopathy ; Muscle biopsy ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Miyoshi myopathy (MM) is a rare distal myopathy that mainly occurs in Japan. And that is characterized by prominent involvement of the gastrocnemius muscles. Here we report two patients, brother and sister, from a German family. Onset of the disease was at the age of 20 and 22 years, respectively. In both siblings, there was an early and predominant involvement of the gastrocnemius muscles. Creatine kinase activity was elevated 37- to 95-fold above normal. Electromyography revealed fibrillations, positive sharp waves and a myopathic pattern, particularly in the distal muscles of the lower limbs. Histology of the gastrocnemius muscles showed myopathic changes consistent with muscular dystrophy. Occurrence in these two siblings but in no other family members was indicative of an autosomal-recessive inheritance. Our report indicates that MM may also be found in Germany, and that it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of distal myopathies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Soft tissue ; Aneurysmal bone cyst ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of primary aneurysmal cyst of soft tissues in a 57-year-old woman presenting with a painful mass in her left arm. Conventional radiography showed a radiolucent soft tissue mass surrounded by a ring of bone. MRI displayed an unusual, ill-defined soft tissue lesion that was not connected to the nearby humerus and appeared to be an aggressive tumour. Microscopically, the mass consisted of multiple anastomosing cavernous channels surrounded by a peripheral band of mature trabecular bone. These bloody channels were separated by fibrous septa containing fibroblasts, histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells, as well as fibromyxochondroid material. Some of these giant cells lined the septa and partially occupied the lumen of the channels. Ultrastructurally, the features observed in this tumour were similar to those described in aneurysmal bone cyst; the giant cells lining the septa were an additional observation. Whereas most bone tumours have a well-known extraosseous counterpart, this unique lesion is not well recognized by surgical pathologists and the few published cases have been reported under different names. Gross, microscopic, radiological and ultrastructural findings are presented to familiarize pathologists with this underdiagnosed condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 371-372 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Poliomyelitis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spinal cord, infections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract MRI can be used in the diagnosis of anterior horn infection and for assessing the extent of disease. There are no specific MRI signs to differentiate between the various possible pathogens. This is demonstrated in the present case of poliomyelitis, in which MRI of the spine played an important role in establishing the diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 373-374 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Rhabdoid tumor ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a rare rhabdoid tumor of the neck, presenting with respiratory distress in a neonate, and discuss the differential diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 360-366 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Infratentorial brain maturation ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to establish parameters for normal infratentorial brain maturation at 0.5 and 1.5T and to evaluate the field strength criteria for the assessment of infratentorial brain maturation with MRI. We examined 27 children with normal psychomotor development (3 days to 24 months) with a 1.5T system and 22 (4 days to 29 months) with a 0.5T system; standard T2-weighted spin-echo sequences (TR/TE 2500/90 ms at 1.5T and TR/TE 2200/90 ms at 0.5T) were obtained. The signal intensity of infratentorial anatomical structures compared to their surroundings was classified as high, isointense or low by three neuroradiologists. For anatomical structures with age-related contrast changes, the time of these changes was determined statistically for the 0.5T and 1.5T system independently. The delineation of the structures without age-related contrast changes at the two field strengths was compared using a χ2 test. Age-related contrast changed were found in the same anatomical structures (“marker sites”) at 0.5 and 1.5T. Generally, these changes were apparent in larger structures (pons, middle cerebellar peduncles, medulla, cerebellar folia, red nuclei, cerebral peduncles), with only slight field-strength-dependent differences in the time of the contrast changes. Contrast changes from high to isointense signal were observed slightly earlier at 0.5T and changes from isointense to low signal slightly later at 0.5T. The delineation of the smaller anatomical structures was significantly better at 1.5T but these structures did not show age-related contrast changes. The differences in the assessment of infratentorial brain maturation between 0.5 and 1.5T can be attributed to a lower signal-to-noise ratio at lower magnetic field strengths. These differences do not complicate temporal classification of the stage of infratentorial brain maturation using the same “marker sites” and the same temporal criteria at 0.5 or 1.5T. However, higher field strengths are preferable for the assessment of smaller structures with physiological signal differences; this may imply better detection of small lesions at higher field strengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Acrylic vertebroplasty ; Vertebral haemangioma ; Cervical spine ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two cases of acrylic vertebroplasty in symptomatic cervical vertebral haemangiomas. In both cases significant improvement of symptoms was rapid. One patient was able to return to work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Neuro-Behçet's disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Differential diagnosis ; Multiple sclerosis ; Vasculitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to test the reliability of interpreting MRI studies in neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD) and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of different MRI findings. We prospectively studied 50 patients: 24 had chronic NBD, 12 multiple sclerosis, 5 vasculitis other than Behçet's disease (BD) and 9 patients had BD without neurological involvement. MRI studies were performed according to a standard protocol with a 0.2 T imager. Two neuroradiologists, blinded to the diagnosis, age and sex of the subjects, reviewed the films independently, twice. Separate assessments were made for a set of items: dural sinus pathology, widening of ventricles and sulci, brain stem atrophy, lesions of the cerebral cortex, discrete lesions of deep white matter, basal ganglia, brain stem and cerebellum and the presence of smooth periventricular high-signal foci. Intraobserver agreement was substantial or better, and interobserver agreement moderate to substantial for most items. In these patients with chronic NBD we found low sensitivity on all assessed items. Dural sinus pathology or brain stem atrophy were highly specific, but parenchymal lesions in different sites had uniformly low specificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 322-324 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Demyelinating disease ; Sclerosis ; Brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of Balò's concentric sclerosis. In the past, the diagnosis was usually made post mortem. In this case, we found that CT demonstrated only low-density lesions, but not their concentric pattern. However, MRI showed a striking feature, reminiscent of histopathology of Balò's concentric sclerosis, and played an important role in antemortem diagnosis of this rare demyelinating disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 476-482 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied 30 patients with juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL). The patients (aged 6–25 years) and 43 age-matched healthy volunteers underwent MRI. After visual assessment, the signal intensity was measured on T2-weighted images in numerous locations. The thickness of the cortex and corpus callosum and the dimensions of the brain stem were measured. Mild to moderate cerebral atrophy was found in 14 of 30 patients, most of them over 14 years of age; 5 older patients had mild to moderate cerebellar atrophy. There was reduction in the size of the corpus callosum and brain stem. The thalamus, caudate nucleus and putamen appeared to give low signal in patients from the ages of 7, 11 and 11 years, respectively. In contrast, the signal intensity measured from the thalamus in these patients showed only a slight (insignificant) decrease compared with controls. The most significant alteration, an increase in measured signal intensity, was found in the white matter (P〈0.0001), even in the youngest patients. The MRI findings correlated significantly with decreased intelligence, speech disturbances and motor problems. Although MRI findings in JNCL do not appear very specific and the visual changes develop relatively late, the absence of pathological MRI findings in the very early stage of the disease may play a part in differential diagnosis of the different types of NCL. Furthermore, the MRI findings may be used in assessing severity and prognosis, particularly in young patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 449-452 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Cerebral amyloid angiopathy ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present a case of biopsy-proven cerebral amyloid angiopathy mimicking a unilateral, nonhemorrhagic, infiltrating, intra-axial mass on MRI. The patient was treated with steroids, with clinical improvement and significant resolution of the MRI abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 444-448 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Gliomatosis cerebri ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gliomatosis cerebri, a rare condition, requires clinical, radiological and pathological correlation for diagnosis. Mental and personality changes are the most common presenting symptoms with or without focal neurological signs. The widespread nature of the disease is revealed by CT or MRI. The shape of the brain may be maintained and pathological gross examination may be unremarkable or show hypertrophy without evident tumour. Microscopic examination reveals infiltration of the brain by variably differentiated neoplastic glial cells. We present a patient with gliomatosis cerebri in whom we experienced difficulties with diagnosis. The literature is reviewed and the diagnostic features summarised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Carcinoma ; basal cell ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the scalp with deep cerebral invasion in an 82-year-old man. Plain films and CT showed extensive, full thickness, skull destruction at the vertex. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI revealed neoplastic invasion of the meninges and left cerebral hemisphere, down to the lateral ventricle. We postulate that tumour extended into the brain along perivascular spaces of transcerebral vessels. This hypothesis is supported by the cleft-like contrast enhancement on MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Child's brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Myelination ; Brain development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to study the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity of the perirolandic gyri perinatally and to correlate it with the histological findings in formalin-fixed brains, focusing on myelination. MRI of 20 neurologically normal neonates and infants, of 37–64 weeks postconception (PCA), were studied retrospectively. We reviewed four formalin-fixed brains of infants 37–46 weeks PCA microscopically. The posterior cortex of the precentral gyrus (P-PRE) and the anterior cortex of the postcentral gyrus (A-PST) had different signal intensity from the adjacent surrounding cortex. On T 1-weighted images P-PRE and A-PST gave higher signal 41–44 weeks PCA; on T 2-weighted images, they gave lower signal 37–51 weeks PCA. Histological examination revealed very little myelination of the nerve fibres within both the P-PRE and the A-PST, while considerable myelination was present in the internal capsule and central corona radiata. The changes in signal intensity in the perirolandic gyri may reflect not only the degree of myelination but also the more advanced development of the nerve cells, associated with rapid proliferation and formation of oligodendroglial cells, synapses and dendrites. They could be another important landmark for brain maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 503-510 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spinal cord, herniation ; Dura mater, defects ; Myelography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Symptomatic anterior or anterolateral dural herniation of the spinal cord is rare, and not uncommonly misdiagnosed, both clinically and radiologically. We present four patients with a radiological diagnosis of herniation of the thoracic spinal cord, and review the current literature. All affected patients have been adults, typically presenting with long-standing, unexplained sensory symptoms and eventually developing a Brown-Séquard syndrome, with or without motor changes. Herniation occurs in the upper or midthoracic region, between the T2 and T8 levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Child's brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Myelination ; Brain development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to study the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity of the perirolandic gyri perinatally and to correlate it with the histological findings in formalinfixed brains, focusing on myelination. MRI of 20 neurologically normal neonates and infants, of 37–64 weeks postconception (PCA), were studied retrospectively. We reviewed four formalin-fixed brains of infants 37–46 weeks PCA microscopically. The posterior cortex of the precentral gyrus (P-PRE) and the anterior cortex of the postcentral gyrus (A-PST) had different signal intensity from the adjacent surrounding cortex. On T1-weighted images P-PRE and A-PST gave higher signal 41–44 weeks PCA; on T2-weighted images, they gave lower signal 37–51 weeks PCA. Histological examination revealed very little myelination of the nerve fibres within both the P-PRE and the A-PST, while considerable myelination was present in the internal capsule and central corona radiata. The changes in signal intensity in the perirolandic gyri may reflect not only the degree of myelination but also the more advanced development of the nerve cells, associated with rapid proliferation and formation of oligodendroglial cells, synapses and dendrites. They could be another important landmark for brain maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Bone marrow ; Pernicious anaemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We observed a case of pernicious anaemia in which MRI of the spine demonstrated both intrinsic lesions of the spinal cord and abnormal signal in the bone marrow. The latter resolved with replacement therapy. Only partial recovery of the cord lesions was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 516-520 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Nerves ; spinal ; Neuropathies ; idiopathic ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the MRI findings in four patients with a clinical diagnosis of hypertrophic polyradiculoneuropathies. In two examination of the lumbar spine showed enlarged nerve roots and dorsal ganglia, and similar findings were present in the cervical spine in a third. The cisternal portions of the cranial nerves were enlarged in another patient. MRI allows identification of enlarged nerves in hypertrophic polyradiculopathies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 658-660 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spine ; Developmental defect ; Ultrasound ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Segmental spinal dysgenesis is a rare form of spinal dysraphism. We report a case of segmental hypoplasia of the spinal cord extending from T6 to L1 vertebral levels, with a dorsal dermal sinus, diagnosed by spinal sonography and MRI and confirmed at surgery. The probable pathogenesis is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 661-662 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Neuro-Behçet's disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the case of a 10-year-old boy with neuro-Behçet's disease. Spinal cord MRI showed signal abnormalities in the cervical and thoracic cord, but cerebral CT and MRI revealed no abnormality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Inner ear ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pulse sequences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report our experience with MRI of the normal and pathological inner ear with fast spin-echo and modified gradient recalled at steady state sequences. Although earlier studies on temporal bone MRI were discouraging, improvements in MR technology combined with the use of paramagnetic contrast media can make MRI a useful diagnostic tool for the assessment of inner ear pathology. Conventional spin-echo imaging seems not to be the modality of choice because of the relatively thick slices and the long acquisition times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 675-679 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Acinic cell carcinoma ; Parotid gland tumor ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report CT and MRI findings in two cases of acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid glands which behaved differently on T2-weighted images. Differences in signal intensities were considered to reflect the histology of the lesion, although a histological diagnosis could not be made on imaging grounds alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Artery ; trigeminal ; Arteries ; anomalies ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic resonance angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the MRA and MR angiography (MRA) features of persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) found incidentally in eight patients, with special attention to its origin, site and course. The different patterns of posterior communicating arteries were also noted. The PTA were shown on sagittal, coronal and axial MRI and on MRA. In four cases, the PTA arose from the lateral aspect of the intracavernous internal carotid artery, ran caudally, passing round the bottom of the dorsum sellae to join the basilar artery. In the other four cases, it arose from the medial aspect, ran caudally through the sella turcica and pierced the dorsum sellae to join the basilar artery. The posterior communicating arteries were present unilaterally in five cases and bilaterally in one, and absent bilaterally in two. Identification of a PTA with a trans-sellar course is crucial if a trans-sphenoidal surgery is planned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Acrylic vertebroplasty ; Vertebral haemangioma ; Cervical spine ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two cases of acrylic vertebroplasty in symptomatic cervical vertebral haemangiomas. In both cases significant improvement of symptoms was rapid. One patient was able to return to work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 338-342 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Fluoride poisoning ; Ligaments ; Spinal cord compression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined four patients with fluorosis, presenting with compressive myelopathy, by MRI, using spin-echo and fast low-angle shot sequences. Cord compression due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) and ligamentum flavum (LF) was demonstrated in one and ossification of only the LF in one. Marrow signal was observed in the PLL and LF in all the patients on all pulse sequences. In patients with compressive myelopathy secondary to ossification of PLL and/or LF, fluorosis should be considered as a possible cuase, especially in endemic regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S60 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain ; degenerative disease ; pathology ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to investigate brain atrophy and signal intensity changes on MRI in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and to correlate them with pathological features. We reviewed MRI and brain specimens of six patients with PSP, nine with Parkinson's disease (PD) and six with striatonigral degeneration (SND). Sagittal T1-weighted images showed that four patients with PSP had obvious reduction of anteroposterior midbrain diameter. T2-weighted images demonstrated diffuse high-signal lesions in the tegmentum and tectum of the midbrain of four patients, the upper pontine tegmentum of four, and the lower pontine tegmentum of two, but in no patient with PD or SND. The inferior olivary nuclei gave high signal intensity on T2-weighted images in one patient with PSP. These signal intensity changes were consistent with the pathological findings. One patient with PSP showed abnormal signal intensity in the upper pontine tegmentum without atrophy of the midbrain. Midbrain atrophy and diffuse high-signal lesions on T2-weighted images in the tegmentum and tectum of the brain stem are characteristic of PSP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S80 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain ; infestation ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neurological complications are rare in trichinosis. We report a case with marked hypereosinophilia in which MRI showed multiple small subacute cortical infarcts with Gd-DTPA enhancement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spine ; infections ; Spine ; neoplasms ; Tuberculosis ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reviewed MRI studies of 60 patients presenting with extradural compressive myeloradiculopathy secondary to vertebral disease to assess the imaging features which may help in differentiating tuberculous from neoplastic disease. Spin-echo T1-, proton density- and T2-weighted images were available for all patients and fast low-angle shot images with a low flip angle for 21 patients. Contrast-enhanced images were available for 28 patients. There were 41 patients with tuberculosis and 19 patients with neoplastic disease (metastases 11, lymphoma 6, plasmacytoma 1, and giant cell tumour 1). Discovertebral disease with or without involvement of the posterior arch was a feature not only of tuberculous spondylitis (30 patients) but also of metastases (6). The remaining 11 patients with tuberculosis had “atypical” involvement (vertebral body with or without posterior arch in 8 and posterior arch alone in 3) described as typical of neoplasms. This “typical” involvement was seen in metastases (5), lymphoma (6) and the 2 primary bone tumours. The presence of an abscess helped in differentiating tuberculosis from neoplasia in 22 of the 41 patients with tuberculosis and was absent in all with neoplasms. The presence of bone fragments in 16 patients (8 with and 8 without an abscess) was found to be specific for tuberculosis. In the absence of an abscess or bone fragments, image-guided biopsy is essential to establish the diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Glioblastoma ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Few studies have attempted to correlate neuroimaging with outcome in patients with glioblastoma. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between neuroradiological findings and survival in these patients. We studied 18 consecutive patients with glioblastoma who had undergone surgery and radiotherapy. We assessed the following features, using preoperative CT and/or MRI: tumour size, extent of necrotic area within the mass, extent of perifocal oedema and contrast enhancement. The mean survival was 14.2 ± 5 months (range 6–22). The extent of radiological evidence of necrosis within the mass correlated significantly with survival time, whereas tumour size, perifocal oedema and contrast enhancement did not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain ; Metastases ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report clinical characteristics and CT and MRI in 16 patients with brain metastases due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Eight of these 16 patients presented with apoplexy-like symptoms (50 %). Pulmonary metastases were found in 13 cases (81.3 %). The mean survival from the appearance of cerebral metastases to death was 6.2 weeks, which is one of the shortest survival terms in metastatic brain tumours. Haemorrhagic brain metastases were observed in 14 patients (87.5 %) with a tendency for the frequency of bleeding to increase in proportion to the size of the tumour. On both contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, metastatic brain tumours enhanced strongly, suggesting that brain metastases, like HCC, are also hypervascular. MRI is useful in evaluating brain metastases from HCC, especially in order to differentiate tumour from haemorrhage. Our results demonstrated a poor prognosis and bleeding tendency of brain metastases due to HCC and showed the usefulness of CT and MRI in achieving a correct diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S57 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Veins, cerebral ; Vein, lateral temporal ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The author studied a superficial temporal vein, the “lateral temporal vein”, which runs over the superior, middle and inferior temporal gyri on the lateral surface of the temporal lobe, and in front of the inferior anostomatic vein of Labbé. A search for this vein was undertaken in 20 cadavers, 200 CT and 200 MRI studies. The lateral temporal vein was present on both sides in 80 % of cadavers, and seen on one or both sides in 0.5 % of the CT studies, and in 24 % of those using MRI. Although recognition of the lateral temporal vein appears to be of interest mainly from an anatomical perspective, it may be mistaken for a venous malformation on CT or MRI, especially when it is prominent and seen unilaterally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Superficial siderosis ; Central nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We reviewed a 7-year series of brain MRI examinations to determine the frequency and clinical significance of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system (SS). SS was defined by widespread bilateral signal loss at the surfaces of the cerebral or cerebellar hemispheres, the brain stem and the spinal cord on T2-weighted images. Clinical data comprised a neurological examination of identified patients and a review of their case notes. Among 8843 consecutive studies we identified 13 (0.15 %) patients with MRI evidence of SS. Only 2 had symptoms or signs characteristic of SS, such as cerebellar ataxia, hearing loss, myelopathy and dementia. Haemosiderin deposition was most widespread in both symptomatic individuals. A definite cause for SS was detected in 9 patients (69 %). None of them had a full clinical picture of SS. These data indicate SS per se to be much more frequent than may be assumed from the literature. It appears to become symptomatic only with extensive amounts of widespread iron deposition which develop preferentially with cryptic or unidentified causes of bleeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S130 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Radiation-induced myelopathy ; Pharyngocutaneous fistula ; Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A patient developed a cervical myelopathy 20 months after radiotherapy for a carcinoma of the larynx. MRI showed an intramedullary lesion at C7. Although radiation myelopathy was suspected, tumour recurrence could not be excluded. A radiation-induced pharyngocutaneous fistula, confirmed histologically, appeared a month later. The fistula lay just anterior to the level of the spinal cord lesion, a finding useful in supporting a diagnosis of simultaneous radiation myelopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 84-86 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Oculodental digital dysplasia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Genetic disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Oculodental digital dysplasia (ODDD) is an uncommon inherited disorder with characteristic facial abnormalities, defects in dentition and syndactyly; previous reports have described neurologic dysfunction. We present neuroimaging features of a mother and daughter with ODDD; despite only the mother having neurologic dysfunction, the MRI findings in both are strikingly similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 273-277 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Hydroxyapatite orbital implant ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to use MRI for the postsurgical assessment of a new form of integrated orbital implant composed of a porous calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite substrate. We studied ten patients 24–74 years of age who underwent enucleation and implantation of a hydroxyapatite ball; 5–13 months after surgery, each patient was examined by spinecho MRI, with fat suppression and gadolinium enhancement. Fibrovascular ingrowth was demonstrated in all ten patients as areas of enhancement at the periphery of the hydroxyapatite sphere that extended to the center to a variable degree. The radiologist should aware of the MRI appearances of the coralline hydroxyapatite orbital implant since it is now widely used following enucleation. MRI is a useful means to determine successful incorporation of the substrate into the orbital tissues. The normal pattern of contrast enhancement should not be mistaken for recurrent tumor or infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 171-174 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Optic nerve coloboma ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present three cases of optic nerve coloboma with orbital and brain CT findings, one also including MRI and ultrasonography of the orbit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 120-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Neurosyphilis ; General paresis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Few cases of MRI in neurosyphilis have been reported. We examined the value of MRI in patients with general paresis; MRI was performed on four HIV-negative patients with parenchymatous neurosyphilis. It demonstrated frontal and temporal atrophy, subcortical gliosis and, in one patient, increased ferritin in the basal ganglia. The progression of the lesions on MRI correlated well with the neuropsychiatric disturbances. The MRI findings correlated with the well-known neuropathological findings. This combination of pathological findings in neurosyphilis has not been described before and we suggest that MRI is of prognostic value in patients with general paresis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Reye's syndrome ; Cortical laminar necrosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serial MRI findings are described in two patients with Reye's syndrome, demonstrating diffuse cortical and white matter changes. In the acute stage, T2-weighted images showed subtle but definite laminar high signal and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images laminar enhancement, along the entire cerebral cortexbilateraly. In the chronic stage, unenhanced T1-weighted images showed diffuse cortical laminar high signal. These characteristic MRI features seemed very similar to those of laminar cortical necrosis in hypoxic brain damage. MRI also displayed delayed white matter changes with cerebral atrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Brain, children ; Leukoencephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cranial MRI was used to study treatment-related changes in children undergoing therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) or lymphoma. Nineteen children (18 with ALL, 1 with lymphoma) underwent MRI at the beginning of treatment and at intervals during it, to a total of 105 imaging studies and a minimum of 3 per case. Nine patients had finished all therapy, all received consolidation treatment. No patient had central nervous system (CNS) leukaemia at diagnosis or developed a CNS relapse. Mild treatment-related white matter changes were observed in only 2 patients after consolidation therapy with three 5 g/m2 pulses of intravenous methotrexate. Transient enlargement of the ventricles and cortical sulci was observed in 13 patients, always temporally related to steroid treatment. These preliminary data suggest that treatment-related white matter changes are rare and no routine MRI follow-up is needed during treatment in asymptomatic children after a baseline assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Dural arteriovenous fistula ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report an anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistula with a varix mimicking an aneurysm on CT and MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Brain ; children ; Leukoencephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cranial MRI was used to study treatment-related changes in children undergoing therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) or lymphoma. Nineteen children (18 with ALL, 1 with lymphoma) underwent MRI at the beginning of treatment and at intervals during it, to a total of 105 imaging studies and a minimum of 3 per case. Nine patients had finished all therapy, all received consolidation treatment. No patient had central nervous system (CNS) leukaemia at diagnosis or developed a CNS relapse. Mild treatment-related white matter changes were observed in only 2 patients after consolidation therapy with three 5 g/m2 pulses of intravenous methotrexate. Transient enlargement of the ventricles and cortical sulci was observed in 13 patients, always temporally related to steroid treatment. These preliminary data suggest that treatment-related white matter changes are rare and no routine MRI follow-up is needed during treatment in asymptomatic children after a baseline assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Pulse sequences ; 3D ; Intracranial tumours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Oar purpose was to determine the value of a T1-weighted rapid three-dimensional gradientecho technique in preoperative MRI of brain tumours. We examined 30 patients with intracranial tumours who underwent neurosurgery, using T1-wighted magnetisation-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MP-RAGE) and axial T1-weighted spin-echo (SE) sequences, both before and after contrast medium (Gd-DTPA). Signal and contrast behaviour of anatomical and pathological structures were assessed with regions-of-interest (ROI) and visual inspection. Imaging results were compared with operative results. In 5 cases tumours and anatomical structure were segmented in MP-RAGE data sets. The MP-RAGE sequence considerably improved delineation of grey and white matter and small anatomical structures (vessels, cranial nerves), and significantly reduced flow artefacts. Contrast behaviour of tumours was similar with both techniques. Correlation of imaging with the operative results confirmed the reliability of the MP-RAGE sequence. Segmentation of MP-RAGE data sets allows three-dimensional display, which enables one to document the relevant information on a few images in selected cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Nasopharynx ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neoplasms ; Cerebellopontine angle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, intracranial speread may occur via direct extension from the base of the skull or via perineural spread. Perineural spread usually affects branches of the trigeminal nerve. We describe two patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, who presented with a solitary mass in the cerebellopontine angle without associated bony destruction. MRI findings mimicked those of acoustic schwannoma. The imaging findings and possible pathways of spread are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 444-448 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Gliomatosis cerebri ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gliomatosis cerebri, a rare condition, requires clinical, radiological and pathological correlation for diagnosis. Mental and personality changes are the most common presenting symptoms with or without focal neurological signs. The widespread nature of the disease is revealed by CT or MRI. The shape of the brain may be maintained and pathological gross examination may be unremarkable or show hypertrophy without evident tumour. Microscopic examination reveals infiltration of the brain by variably differentiated neoplastic glial cells. We present a patient with gliomatosis cerebri in whom we experienced difficulties with diagnosis. The literature is reviewed and the diagnostic features summarised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 466-467 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cervical chordoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report CT and MRI findings of an unusual cervical chordoma. CT showed only minimal bony destruction with a lobulated prevertebral mass. Sagittal MRI, however, clearly demonstrated a lesion involving the body of C2 extending prevertebrally and into the spinal canal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 476-482 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied 30 patients with juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL). The patients (aged 6–25 years) and 43 age-matched healthy volunteers underwent MRI. After visual assessment, the signal intensity was measured on T 2-weighted images in numerous locations. The thickness of the cortex and corpus callosum and the dimensions of the brain stem were measured. Mild to moderate cerebral atrophy was found in 14 of 30 patients, most of them over 14 years of age; 5 older patients had mild to moderate cerebellar atrophy. There was reduction in the size of the corpus callosum and brain stem. The thalamus, caudate nucleus and putamen appeared to give low signal in patients from the ages of 7, 11 and 11 years, respectively. In contrast, the signal intensity measured from the thalamus in these patients showed only a slight (insignificant) decrease compared with controls. The most significant alteration, an increase in measured signal intensity, was found in the white matter (P 〈 0.0001), even in the youngest patients. The MRI findings correlated significantly with decreased intelligence, speech disturbances and motor problems. Although MRI findings in JNCL do not appear very specific and the visual changes develop relatively late, the absence of pathological MRI findings in the very early stage of the disease may play a part in differential diagnosis of the different types of NCL. Furthermore, the MRI findings may be used in assessing severity and prognosis, particularly in young patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Target sign ; Tuberculoma ; Computed tomography ; Central nervous system ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In brain lesions, the target sign has been defined as a central nidus of calcification or central enhancement surrounded by a ring of enhancement. It has been considered a pathognomonic finding of central nervous system (CNS) tuberculoma. The purpose of this report is to demonstrate that the target sign related to central enhancement is a nonspecific finding and may lead to erroneous diagnosis of CNS tuberculoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Lhermitte-Duclos disease ; Dysplastic gangliocytoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Syringomyelia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 23-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of intracranial hypertension. CT showed a large, nonenhancing cerebellar mass with surrounding calcification and displacement of the fourth ventricle. MRI revealed a septate lesion, with low signal on T1-weighted and high signal on T2-weighted images. The cerebellar tonsils were displaced below the foramen magnum and there was associated syringomyelia. The MRI features were characteristic of Lhermitte-Duclos (LD) disease (dysplastic gangliocytoma) and the diagnosis was confirmed following surgery. In this case, we emphasise the usefulness of MRI in the diagnosis of LD disease and consider the possible pathogenesis of the associated syringomyelia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Intracranial dermoid cyst ; 3D chemical-shift-selective imaging ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a man with a ruptured intracranial dermoid cyst, suffering from headache, nausea, vomiting and a generalised seizure. MRI was performed before and 2 weeks after surgical resection. On T 1-weighted images the tumour gave high signal, as did fatty material in the frontal and parietal brain sulci. Identification of this hyperintense material as lipids was possible by chemical-shift-selective 3 D gradient-echo imaging, which provided excellent contrast between the subarachnoid lipids and the adjacent normal brain, with a good spatial resolution. Possible complications of subarachnoid and intraventricular lipid particles after dermoid cyst rupture are discussed and the diagnostic value of 3 D chemical-shift-selective additional to conventional T 1-weighted spin-echo images in identification of even small amounts of fat is emphasised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Bone marrow ; Pernicious anaemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We observed a case of pernicious anaemia in which MRI of the spine demonstrated both intrinsic lesions of the spinal cord and abnormal signal in the bone marrow. The latter resolved with replacement therapy. Only partial recovery of the cord lesions was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 516-520 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Nerves, spinal ; Neuropathies, idiopathic ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the MRI findings in four patients with a clinical diagnosis of hypertrophic polyradiculoneuropathies. In two examination of the lumbar spine showed enlarged nerve roots and dorsal ganglia, and similar findings were present in the cervical spine in a third. The cisternal portions of the cranial nerves were enlarged in another patient. MRI allows identification of enlarged nerves in hypertrophic polyradiculopathies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Lumbar disk surgery ; Vascular complications ; Angiography ; Computed tomography ; Sonography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Vascular injuries in lumbar disk surgery, although rare, are serious complications which may be overlooked due to a broad range of clinical manifestations. It is important that surgeons and radiologists be aware of these potentially fatal complications and develop an appropriate symptom-based diagnostic paradigm. We reviewed 8099 consecutive cases of lumbar disk surgery, performed over a 14-year period at a single institution, for postoperative vascular complications. We identified four patients (0.05%) with lumbar disk surgery-related vascular complications: intraoperative lacerations of the abdominal aorta and median sacral artery, an arteriovenous fistula between the left common iliac artery and vein detected 19 days postdiskectomy, and a partially thrombosed aortic aneurysm with an arteriovenous fistula between the aneurysm and the inferior vena cava, diagnosed 11 months after surgery. The majority of cases in the literature of vascular injury in lumbar disk surgery were reported prior to 1965. Diagnostic approaches described in that period do not reflect the great range of diagnostic techniques available today. Angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosis and guidance as to surgical repair. However, a high index of suspicion based on clinical signs and/or the use of sonography or CT is important in the detection of these complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Epidermoid cyst ; Conus medullaris ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a 50-year-old man with an epidermoid cyst of the conus medullaris which showed a nodular gadolinium enhancement on MRI and a blush on angiography. These radiological features are compared with pathological examination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 532-533 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Osteopetrosis ; Syringomyelia ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of radiographic type I benign osteopetrosis with syringohydromyelia is presented. MRI revealed diffuse sclerosis of the bone marrow in the thick cranial bones and narrowing of the foramen magnum and subarachnoid spaces, especially in the posterior cranial fossa, and syringohydromyelia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Lhermitte-Duclos disease ; Dysplastic gangliocytoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Syringomyelia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 23-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of intracranial hypertension. CT showed a large, nonenhancing cerebellar mass with surrounding calcification and displacement of the fourth ventricle. MRI revealed a septate lesion, with low signal on T1-weighted and high signal on T2-weighted images. The cerebellar tonsils were displaced below the foramen magnum and there was associated syringomyelia. The MRI features were characteristic of Lhermitte-Duclos (LD) disease (dysplastic gangliocytoma) and the diagnosis was confirmed following surgery. In this case, we emphasise the usefulness of MRI in the diagnosis of LD disease and consider the possible pathogenesis of the associated syringomyelia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 560-565 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Demyelinating lesions, tumefactive ; Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied 21 cases of pathologically confirmed tumefactive demyelinating lesions and reviewed the spectrum of tumefactive demyelinating lesions in the literature. Radiological features and clinical data were reviewed to characterize the lesions as consistent with a known demyelinating disease, most notably multiple sclerosis. Atypical clinical or radiological features (other than tumefaction) were noted. Most lesions were part of a clinical and/or radiological picture consistent with multiple sclerosis. No case strongly suggestive of variants or related diseases, such as Schilder's disease or Balo's concentric sclerosis, were found. There was one case suggestive of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Features which help distinguish the lesions from tumour are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Arachnoid cyst, intrasellar ; Pituitary gland ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We recently encountered two large intrasellar arachnoid cysts extending to the suprasellar region. The intensity of the cyst contents was identical to that of the cerebrospinal fluid on both T1- and T2-weighted MRI. On contrast-enhanced MRI, the pituitary gland was compressed posteroinferiorly and flattened in the sella turcica. In this report of rare intrasellar arachnoid cysts the discussion is focused on dislocation of the pituitary gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Carcinoma, basal cell ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the scalp with deep cerebral invasion in an 82-year-old man. Plain films and CT showed extensive, full thickness, skull destruction at the vertex. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI revealed neoplastic invasion of the meninges and left cerebral hemisphere, down to the lateral ventricle. We postulate that tumour extended into the brain along perivascular spaces of transcerebral vessels. This hypothesis is supported by the cleft-like contrast enhancement on MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...