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  • 2010-2014  (24)
  • 1930-1934  (1,172)
  • 1840-1849
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (1,172)
  • ddc:510  (24)
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  • 1
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    Supporting Global Numerical Optimization of Rational Functions by Generic Symbolic Convexity Tests (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: Convexity is an important property in nonlinear optimization since it allows to apply efficient local methods for finding global solutions. We propose to apply symbolic methods to prove or disprove convexity of rational functions over a polyhedral domain. Our algorithms reduce convexity questions to real quantifier elimination problems. Our methods are implemented and publicly available in the open source computer algebra system REDUCE. Our long term goal is to integrate REDUCE as a workhorse'' for symbolic computations into a numerical solver.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 2
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    Fault-Tolerant and Decentralized Lease Coordination in Distributed Systems (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-30
    Description: Applications which need exclusive access to a shared resource in distributed systems require a fault-tolerant and scalable mechanism to coordinate this exclusive access. Examples of such applications include distributed file systems and master/slave data replication. We present Flease, an algorithm for decentralized and fault-tolerant lease coordination in distributed systems. Our algorithm allows the processes competing for a resource to coordinate exclusive access through leases among themselves without a central component. The resulting system easily scales with an increasing number of nodes and resources. We prove that Flease ensures exclusive access, i.e. guarantees that there is at most one valid lease at any time.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 3
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    Robust Tail Assignment (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: We propose an efficient column generation method to minimize the probability of delay propagations along aircraft rotations. In this way, delay resistant schedules can be constructed. Computational results for large-scale real-world problems demonstrate substantial punctuality improvements. The method can be generalized to crew and integrated scheduling problems.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    State Trajectory Compression for Optimal Control with Parabolic PDEs (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2022-01-07
    Description: In optimal control problems with nonlinear time-dependent 3D PDEs, full 4D discretizations are usually prohibitive due to the storage requirement. For this reason gradient and quasi-Newton methods working on the reduced functional are often employed. The computation of the reduced gradient requires one solve of the state equation forward in time, and one backward solve of the adjoint equation. The state enters into the adjoint equation, again requiring the storage of a full 4D data set. We propose a lossy compression algorithm using an inexact but cheap predictor for the state data, with additional entropy coding of prediction errors. As the data is used inside a discretized, iterative algorithm, lossy coding maintaining an error bound is sufficient.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 5
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    A simple mathematical model of the bovine estrous cycle: follicle development and endocrine interactions (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-03-11
    Description: Bovine fertility is the subject of extensive research in animal sciences, especially because fertility of dairy cows has declined during the last decades. The regulation of estrus is controlled by the complex interplay of various organs and hormones. Mathematical modeling of the bovine estrous cycle could help in understanding the dynamics of this complex biological system. In this paper we present a mathematical model of the bovine estrous cycle that includes the processes of follicle and corpus luteum development and the key hormones that interact to control these processes. Focus in this paper is on development of the model, but also some simulation results are presented, showing that a set of equations and parameters is obtained that describes the system consistent with empirical knowledge. Even though the majority of the mechanisms that are included are only known qualitatively as stimulatory or inhibitory effects, the model surprisingly well features quantitative observations made in reality. This model of the bovine estrous cycle could be used as a basis for more elaborate models with the ability to study effects of external manipulations and genetic differences.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 6
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    Rapid Learning for Binary Programs (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2022-03-14
    Description: Learning during search allows solvers for discrete optimization problems to remember parts of the search that they have already performed and avoid revisiting redundant parts. Learning approaches pioneered by the SAT and CP communities have been successfully incorporated into the SCIP constraint integer programming platform. In this paper we show that performing a heuristic constraint programming search during root node processing of a binary program can rapidly learn useful nogoods, bound changes, primal solutions, and branching statistics that improve the remaining IP search.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 7
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    Models for Line Planning with Transfers (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: We propose a novel integer programming approach to transfer minimization for line planning problems in public transit. The idea is to incorporate penalties for transfers that are induced by “connection capacities” into the construction of the passenger paths. We show that such penalties can be dealt with by a combination of shortest and constrained shortest path algorithms such that the pricing problem for passenger paths can be solved efficiently. Connection capacity penalties (under)estimate the true transfer times. This error is, however, not a problem in practice. We show in a computational comparison with two standard models on a real-world scenario that our approach can be used to minimize passenger travel and transfer times for large-scale line planning problems with accurate results.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 8
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    Adaptive Timestep Control for the Contact-Stabilized Newmark Method (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-09
    Description: The aim of this paper is to devise an adaptive timestep control in the contact--stabilized Newmark method (CONTACX) for dynamical contact problems between two viscoelastic bodies in the framework of Signorini's condition. In order to construct a comparative scheme of higher order accuracy, we extend extrapolation techniques. This approach demands a subtle theoretical investigation of an asymptotic error expansion of the contact--stabilized Newmark scheme. On the basis of theoretical insight and numerical observations, we suggest an error estimator and a timestep selection which also cover the presence of contact. Finally, we give a numerical example.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 9
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    Railway capacity auctions with dual prices (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: Railway scheduling is based on the principle of the construction of a conflict-free timetable. This leads to a strict definition of capacity: in contrast with road transportation, it can be said in advance whether a given railway infrastructure can accommodate - at least in theory - a certain set of train requests. Consequently, auctions for railway capacity are modeled as auctions of discrete goods -- the train slots. We present estimates for the efficiency gain that may be generated by slot auctioning in comparison with list price allocation. We introduce a new class of allocation and auction problems, the feasible assignment problem, that is a proper generalization of the well-known combinatorial auction problem. The feasible assignment class was designed to cover the needs for an auction mechanism for railway slot auctions, but is of interest in its own right. As a practical instance to state and solve the railway slot allocation problem, we present an integer programming formulation, briefly the ACP, which turns out to be an instance of the feasible assignment problem and whose dual problem yields prices that can be applied to define a useful activity rule for the linearized version of the Ausubel Milgrom Proxy auction. We perform a simulation aiming to measure the impact on efficiency and convergence rate.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Solving Optimal Control Problems with the Kaskade 7 Finite Element Toolbox (2010)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-07
    Description: This paper presents concepts and implementation of the finite element toolbox Kaskade 7, a flexible C++ code for solving elliptic and parabolic PDE systems. Issues such as problem formulation, assembly and adaptivity are discussed at the example of optimal control problems. Trajectory compression for parabolic optimization problems is considered as a case study.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 11
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    Aggregation Methods for Railway Networks (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: In this paper a bottom-up approach of automatic simplification of a railway network is presented. Starting from a very detailed, microscopic level, as it is used in railway simulation, the network is transformed by an algorithm to a less detailed level (macroscopic network), that is sufficient for long-term planning and optimization. In addition running and headway times are rounded to a pre-chosen time discretization by a special cumulative method, which we will present and analyse in this paper. After the transformation we fill the network with given train requests to compute an optimal slot allocation. Then the optimized schedule is re-transformed into the microscopic level and can be simulated without any conflicts occuring between the slots. The algorithm is used to transform the network of the very dense Simplon corridor between Swiss and Italy. With our aggregation it is possible for the first time to generate a profit maximal and conflict free timetable for the corridor across a day by a simultaneously optimization run.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 12
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    Merging solutions of non-linear algebraic systems (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: In solving large polynomial algebraic systems that are too big for standard Gröbner basis techniques one way to make progress is to introduce case distinctions. This divide and conquer technique can be beneficial if the algorithms and computer programs know how to take advantage of inequalities. A further hurdle is the form of the resulting general solutions which often have unnecessarily many branches. In this paper we discuss a procedure to merge solutions by dropping inequalities which are associated with them and, if necessary, by re-parametrizing solutions. In the appendix the usefulness of the procedure is demonstrated in the classification of quadratic Hamiltonians with a Lie-Poisson bracket $e(3)$. This application required the solution of algebraic systems with over 200 unknowns, 450 equations and between 5000 and 9000 terms.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 13
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    A Dynamical Systems Approach for Static Evaluation in Go (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: In the paper arguments are given why the concept of static evaluation (SE) has the potential to be a useful extension to Monte Carlo tree search. A new concept of modeling SE through a dynamical system is introduced and strengths and weaknesses are discussed. The general suitability of this approach is demonstrated. A Remark: Among users of the Internet Go server KGS the abbreviation SE is used for 'Score Estimator'. Although different from 'Static Evaluation' a score estimator is easily obtained from static evaluation by adding up probabilities of chains to be alive at the end of the game or points to be owned by White or Black
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 14
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    Classification of integrable quadratic Hamiltonians on e(3) (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: Linear Poisson brackets on e(3) typical of rigid body dynamics are considered. All quadratic Hamiltonians of Kowalevski type having additional first integral of fourth degree are found. Quantum analogs of these Hamiltonians are listed.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 15
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    Classification of integrable super-systems using the SsTools environment (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: A classification problem is proposed for supersymmetric %scaling\/-\/in\-va\-ri\-ant evolutionary PDE that satisfy the assumptions of nonlinearity, nondegeneracy, and homogeneity. Four classes of nonlinear coupled boson\/-\/fermion systems are discovered under the weighting assumption $|f|=|b|=|D_t|=\oh$. The syntax of the \Reduce\ package \SsTools, which was used for intermediate computations, and the applicability of its procedures to the calculus of super\/-\/PDE are described.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 16
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    N=2 supersymmetric a=4-KdV hierarchy derived via Gardner's deformation of Kaup-Boussinesq equation (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: We consider the problem of constructing Gardner's deformations for the $N{=}2$ supersymmetric $a{=}4$--\/Korteweg\/--\/de Vries equation; such deformations yield recurrence relations between the super\/-\/Hamiltonians of the hierarchy. We prove the non\/-\/existence %P.~Mathieu's Open problem on constructing for of supersymmetry\/-\/invariant %Gardner's deformations that %solutions, retract to Gardner's formulas for the KdV equation %whenever it is assumed that, under the %respective component reduction. % in the $N{=}2$ super\/-\/field. the solutions . At the same time, we propose a two\/-\/step scheme for the recursive production of the integrals of motion for the $N{=}2$,\ $a{=}4$--\/SKdV. First, we find a new Gardner's deformation of the Kaup\/--\/Boussinesq equation, which is contained in the bosonic limit of the super\/-\/%$N{=}2$,\ $a{=}4$--\/SKdV hierarchy. This yields the recurrence relation between the Hamiltonians of the limit, whence we determine the bosonic super\/- /Hamiltonians of the full $N{=}2$, $a{=}4$--\/SKdV hierarchy.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 17
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    The Quickest Path to the Goal (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: We provide an introduction into the mathematics of and with paths. Not on the shortest, but hopefully on an entertaining path!
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 18
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    Linienoptimierung - reif für die Praxis? (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: Wir stellen in dieser Arbeit ein mathematisches Optimierungsmodell zur Bestimmung eines optimalen Linienplans vor, das sowohl die Fahrzeiten und die Anzahl der Umstiege berücksichtigt als auch die Kosten des Liniennetzes. Dieses Modell deckt wichtige praktische Anforderungen ab, die in einem gemeinsamen Projekt mit den Verkehrsbetrieben in Potsdam (ViP) formuliert wurden. In diesem Projekt wurde der Linienplan 2010 für Potsdam entwickelt. Unsere Berechnungen zeigen, dass die mathematische Optimierung in nichts einer "Handplanung" des Liniennetzes nachsteht. Im Gegenteil, mit Hilfe des Optimierungsprogramms ist es möglich, durch Veränderung der Parameter mehrere verschiedene Szenarien zu berechnen, miteinander zu vergleichen und Aussagen über minimale Kosten und Fahrzeiten zu machen.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: German
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 19
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    Positions in the Game of Go as Complex Systems (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: The paper gathers evidence showing different dimensions of the game of Go: the continuous and discrete nature of the game and different types of relations between state variables happening on ultra local, local, regional, and global scales. Based on these observations a new continuous local model for describing a board position is introduced. This includes the identification of the basic variables describing a board position and the formulation and solution of a dynamical system for their computation. To be usable as a static evaluation function for a game playing program at least group-wide (regional)aspects will have to be incorporated.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 20
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    Railway Track Allocation by Rapid Branching (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: The track allocation problem, also known as train routing problem or train timetabling problem, is to find a conflict-free set of train routes of maximum value in a railway network. Although it can be modeled as a standard path packing problem, instances of sizes relevant for real-world railway applications could not be solved up to now. We propose a rapid branching column generation approach that integrates the solution of the LP relaxation of a path coupling formulation of the problem with a special rounding heuristic. The approach is based on and exploits special properties of the bundle method for the approximate solution of convex piecewise linear functions. Computational results for difficult instances of the benchmark library TTPLIB are reported.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 21
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    Optimizing the Simplon Railway Corridor (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: This paper presents a case study on a railway timetable optimization for the very dense Simplon corridor, a major railway connection in the Alps between Switzerland and Italy. Starting from a detailed microscopic network as it is used in railway simulation, the data is transformed by an automatic procedure to a less detailed macroscopic network, that is sufficient for the purpose of capacity planning and amenable to state-of-the-art integer programming optimization methods. In this way, the macroscopic railway network is saturated with trains. Finally, the corresponding timetable is re-transformed to the microscopic level in such a way that it can be operated without any conflicts among the slots. Using this integer programming based micro-macro aggregation-disaggregation approach, it becomes for the first time possible to generate a profit maximal and conflict free timetable for the complete Simplon corridor over an entire day by a simultaneous optimization of all trains requests. This also allows to to undertake a sensitivity analysis of various problem parameters.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 22
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    Analysis of a multi-scale asymptotic model for internal gravity waves in a moist atmosphere (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-09
    Description: The thesis presents the analysis of a reduced model for modulation of internal gravity waves by deep convective clouds. The starting point for the derivation are conservation laws for mass, momentum and energy coupled with a bulk micro-physics model describing the evolution of mixing ratios of water vapor, cloud water and rain water. A reduced model for the identified scales of the regime is derived, using multi-scale asymptotics. The closure of the model employs conditional averaging over the horizontal scale of the convective clouds. The resulting reduced model is an extension of the anelastic equations, linearized around a constant background state, which are well-known from meteorology. The closure of the model is achieved purely by analytical means and involves no additional physically motivated assumptions. The essential new parameter arising from the coupling to a micro-physics model is the area fraction of saturated regions on the horizontal scale of the convective clouds. It turns out that this parameter is constant on the employed short timescale. Hence the clouds constitute a constant background, modulating the characteristics of propagation of internal waves. The model is then investigated by analytical as well as numerical means. Important results are, among others, that in the model moisture (i) inhibits propagation of internal waves by reducing the modulus of the group velocity, (ii) reduces the angle between the propagation direction of a wave-packet and the horizontal, (iii) causes critical layers and (iv) introduces a maximum horizontal wavelength beyond which waves are no longer propagating but become evanescent. The investigated examples of orographically generated gravity waves also feature a significant reduction of vertical momentum flux by moisture. The model is extended by assuming systematically small under-saturation, that is saturation at leading order. The closure is similar to the original case but requires additional assumptions. The saturated area fraction in the obtained model is no longer constant but now depends nonlinearly on vertical displacement and thus on vertical velocity.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: doctoralthesis , doc-type:doctoralThesis
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 23
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    A Constraint Integer Programming Approach for Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2022-03-14
    Description: We propose a hybrid approach for solving the resource-constrained project scheduling problem which is an extremely hard to solve combinatorial optimization problem of practical relevance. Jobs have to be scheduled on (renewable) resources subject to precedence constraints such that the resource capacities are never exceeded and the latest completion time of all jobs is minimized. The problem has challenged researchers from different communities, such as integer programming (IP), constraint programming (CP), and satisfiability testing (SAT). Still, there are instances with 60 jobs which have not been solved for many years. The currently best known approach, lazyFD, is a hybrid between CP and SAT techniques. In this paper we propose an even stronger hybridization by integrating all the three areas, IP, CP, and SAT, into a single branch-and-bound scheme. We show that lower bounds from the linear relaxation of the IP formulation and conflict analysis are key ingredients for pruning the search tree. First computational experiments show very promising results. For five instances of the well-known PSPLIB we report an improvement of lower bounds. Our implementation is generic, thus it can be potentially applied to similar problems as well.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 24
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    Coupling Meshbased and Meshfree Methods by a Transfer Operator Approach (2010)
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-03
    Description: In contrast to the well known meshbased methods like the finite element method, meshfree methods do not rely on a mesh. However besides their great applicability, meshfree methods are rather time consuming. Thus, it seems favorable to combine both methods, by using meshfree methods only in a small part of the domain, where a mesh is disadvantageous, and a meshbased method for the rest of the domain. We motivate, that this coupling between the two simulation techniques can be considered as saddle point problem and show the stability of this coupling. Thereby a novel transfer operator is introduced, which interacts in the transition zone, where both methods coexist.
    Keywords: ddc:510
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of the ovary in the grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (acrididae; orthoptera)The author is indebted to the National Research Council for a Fellowship during the year 1929-1930 during which the work herein described was partially completed; also, to the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, for facilities for work during the summer of 1930. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 515-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Each indifferent genital rudiment in the grasshopper embryo is composed of the following: (1) a terminal filament membrane; (2) an epithelial plate of indifferent cells, the dorsal cell mass; (3) the central cell mass containing germ and indifferent cells; (4) the ventral cell strand, and, (5) a delicate, investing membrane, the outer limiting membrane. It is roughly spindle-shaped in transverse section and extends from the first to the eighth abdominal segments.In the sexual differentiation of the genital rudiment the dorsal cell mass is retained as a definite embryonic rudiment in the female, but becomes an indistinguishable part of the central cell mass in the male.Ovarian development is initiated in the dorsal cell mass area, where cell aggregations are formed. Each aggregation is ultimately surrounded by the ingrowing outer limiting membrane to form distinct cellular columns. A latero-ventrad extension of this ingrowing process into the central cell mass continues the column formation process into the latter and results in the formation of a distally tapering structure composed of indifferent cells distad and germ cells and indifferent cells proximad. This structure constitutes the rudimentary ovariole which finally differentiates to form the terminal filament, germarium, and vitellarium.The ovarian portion of the oviduct and the tubular connection between the ovariole and oviduct are differentiated from the ventral cell strand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550305
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mesodermal relations of the pars buccalis of the hypophysis in the duck (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 611-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This paper describes the cellular relations between the prechordal mesoderm and the hypophyseal analage in duck embryos from the first to the eighth day of incubation.At nineteen somites the ectoderm destined to form hypophysis is seen as a plate of cells lying under the mesodermal mass anterior to the notochord. It extends anteriorly in intimate contact with the base of the forebrain, and posteriorly for about the same distance to the oral membrane. Following the lateral growth of the prechordal mesoderm and the rapid overgrowth of the forebrain, Rathke's pouch is definitely outlined. The upward expansion of the pouch, concomitant with the lagging of some of the prechordal mesoderm in the midline, effects a very close relation between these cells and those at the tip of the pouch. With the lateral expansion of the premandibular head cavities, some of the mesoderm adheres to walls of Rathke's pouch in the form of rods or knobs. As development proceeds the inherent growth tendencies of ectoderm and mesoderm express themselves differently and the rods or knobs become constricted off from the pouch, forming in its vicinity vesicles which exhibit a definite lumen.The question of an entodermal contribution to the hypophysis in this form is briefly considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550309
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The distribution of chitin in an insect (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: By treating the clean skeletal tissue of an insect with concentrated KOH at 160° C., the contained chitin is converted to chitosan, and all pigmentation and admixtures are removed. The per cent distribution of chitin, expressed as chitosan, in the exoskeleton of the cockroach, Periplaneta fuliginosa, ranges from 37.65 in the dorsal abdomen to 18.22 in the hindwings. Other regions contain the following per cents: ventral abdomen, 37.11; metathoracic legs, 35.55; mesothoracic legs, 33.28; prothoracic legs, 32.24; pronotum, 31.55; head, 31.07; genitalia, 29.28; dorsal thorax, 29.07; ventral thorax, 28.33; antennae, 27.77; cerci, 25.65; and forewings, 19.99. Regional variations are constant in different individuals of the same species. The crop and gizzard contain 18.69 per cent; the hindgut, 18.15 per cent. The remainder of the alimentary tract contains no chitin. Traces of chitin are found in the trachea. No chitin is found in the egg-cases of this species. No correlation between chitin content and pigmentation or hardness is shown. Based on results from three trials, using thirty insects, the per cent of chitosan in the clean, dry chitinous material from the entire animal is 29.60; the per cent of chitosan based on the weight of the live animal averages 2.01.
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    A study of the spermatozoon of the fowl, with particular reference to osmiophilic bodies in the sperm head (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 325-337 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to learn something of the nature of the bead-like bodies which occur in the head of the sperm of the fowl since it was found in a previous study that they are apparently affected in a characteristic manner by vitamin E deficiency.Staining tests indicate that these bodies are composed of fats and fatty acids since they respond to osmic acid and Nile blue sulphate. They are also impregnated with silver nitrate and hence may be associated with the so-called Golgi materials of the cell.The beads first appear as a complete single row but subsequently they undergo fragmentation and redistribution. The whole process is probably a final transitory step in sperm transformation.The presence of this fatty material may signify that the sperm of the fowl, in contrast to that of most other animals, carries a store of food material to support its activity after liberation. The sperm may also be the carrier of a definite amount of vitamin E. Furthermore, the presence of this material may offer an explanation of the high resistance of the testis of the fowl to vitamin E deficiency because, since this vitamin is fat soluble, the testis as a whole would probably receive a disproportionately large share of the vitamin E stores of the individual.
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    A cytological study on the liver of the rat, with special reference to the ‘intracellular blood canaliculi,’ inter- and intracellular bile canaliculi, mitochondria and Golgi apparatus (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 407-421 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In sections from livers injected through the vascular system with Carter's carminegelatin or Berlin-blue gelatin masses at known, constant pressures, many cells were observed to contain ovoid or spherical bodies of the colored injection masses, similar to those described by Schäfer and his students, Herring and Simpson, as intracellular blood canaliculi.' In these livers practically all the cells were vacuolated. However, with livers injected with Berlin-blue gelatin mass dissolved in Locke's solution instead of distilled water, there were no intracellular masses and the cells appeared normal, though the sinusoids were completely filled with injection mass. The so-called ‘intracellular blood canaliculi’ described by Schäfer are interpreted as artefacts produced by a combination of factors, the most important of which is the difference in osmotic pressure. This is produced by the hypotonicity of the injection masses that are usually used, augmented perhaps by the effect of mechanical pressure used in administering the injection mass.Following impregnation of liver tissue by Golgi's rapid method, the usual network of intercellular bile canaliculi was revealed, but the presence of a permanent system of intracellular canaliculi was not observed. A few short, knobbed intracellular projections from the intercellular bile canaliculi were noticed; these probably represent the passage of secretion material into the intercellular bile canaliculi at the moment of excretion.
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    Early development in some sciuridaeContribution no. 234 from the Zoölogical Laboratory of Indiana University. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Doctor of Philosophy, in the Department of Zoölogy in the Graduate School of Indiana University. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 477-511 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The early developmental history of Sciuridae (squirrel family), from the ovarian egg to the establishment of the germ layers, was studied in fixed material comprising ova and embryos from six species of five genera. No significant differences were noted in the major processes of development in the six species. Continuous diminution in the size of the ova occurs from the beginning of follicular vesiculation up to the early blastocyst stages. Corpora haemorrhagica are present in most of the recently ruptured follicles of all the species.Cleavage is regular, though adequal, up to the eight-cell stage, the blastomeres clustering into a compact mass. There is desquamation of cellular material from the periphery of the ovum between morula and blastocyst stages. At the same time cells within the blastocyst degenerate to add to the cavity originally formed by confluence of intercellular spaces. The cavity forms among the inner cells, an inner cell mass being left at one pole and an anti-embryonic mass at the other. The anti-embryonic cells produce much of the yolk-sac entoderm and contribute to the implantation mass. The latter mass forms a temporary attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine mucosa in these species. The definitive entoderm arises by migration and delamination of certain of the inner cell mass cells. A transitory notochordal canal, passing in a vertical plane through Hensen's node, is strongly suggested.
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    On the arterial system of the common Indian rat-snake, Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 533-575 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The arterial system of Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) reveals the following interesting features: (1) A prominent diverticulum given off from the inner antero-dorsal edge of the left auricle. (2) Ridge-like continuation of the median hanging valve of the sinus venosus lining the ventral edge of the opening of the right precaval vein. (3) Guarding of the opening of the pulmonary vein by a portion of the inter-auricular septum abutting against it. (4) Presence of two longitudinal trunks on either side of the hepatic portal vein formed by the hepatic branches of the hepato-oesophageal arteries, which, uniting with one another, form a peculiar arrangement looking almost like a looped chain. (5) A complete arterial circuit in the female formed by the combination of the genital, supra-renal, and the anterior-most renal arteries of either side. (6) Chain-like arrangement formed by the alternate bifurcation and union of the posterior-most part of the longitudinal fat-body artery and also by its lateral branches, which unite with it here and there after giving off twigs to the fat bodies. (7) A pair of small arteries (or in some cases only one) called ‘arteria complexa’ which take their origin from the dorsal aorta opposite the openings of the iliac veins into the afferent renals.
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    The developmental anatomy of male genitalia in Melanoplus differentialis (acrididae) orthoptera) (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 577-609 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: An investigation has been conducted to ascertain the relationship of certain structures in the embryo of the grasshopper known as Melanoplus differentialis with reproductive organs in the adult male.The order of development of these structures was traced through the entire life history.It was determined that they are the rudiments of certain reproductive organs and that the knowledge obtained serves as an aid in more accurately classifying insects.
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    The segregation of the germ cells in the grasshopper, Melanoplus differentialis (acrididae; orthoptera)Much of the work outlined in this paper was completed during the year 1929-1930 while the writer was a National Research Fellow in biology. I am indebted to the National Research Council for this courtesy. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 545-575 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The segregation of the germ cells is related in time and differentiation to the ectoderm (ventral plate), the inner germ-band layer (lower layer) and the mesenteron (entoderm) rudiments. The inner germ-band layer is formed by invagination of cells from a median blastoporic groove and by cellular proliferations among the invaginating cells and from the median line of the ectoderm immediately caudad of the blastoporic groove. The mesenteron material is derived from inner germ-band layer material associated with the internal ends of the stomodaeum and proctodaeum. The germ cells are segregated from the lateral margins of the abdominal lobe ectoderm in the region of the amnion attachment as segmentation of the abdominal lobe is initiated. They ultimately become separated from the ectoderm cells of the lateral wall and from the amnion and migrate in a passive manner onto the coelomic sacs where they become associated with the inner walls of the sacs. When the coelomic sacs unite the germ cells and the splanchnic wall mesoderm cells form two continuous cell strands from the first to the eighth abdominal segments, inclusive. These strands form the indifferent genital rudiments. An endeavor is made to correlate the segregation of the germ cells in the grasshopper with that of various other insects.
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    Masthead (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934) 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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    The homologies of the flexor and adductor muscles of the thigh (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 21-49 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The literature relating to the flexor and adductor muscles of the thigh and their nerve supplies, in Sphenodon, the lizards, crocodiles and mammals was correlated and new dissections made of animals belonging to the last three groups. All of these muscles can be traced as individual entities from animal to animal without loss or addition to their number, although splitting may occur. The attachments of the muscles and their relationships to one another and to the two heads of the gastrocnemius are the same in all the reptiles studied. In the mammals one group, including the adductor longus and magnus and the retractor femoralis, has migrated from the tibia between the two heads of the gastrocnemius onto the femur, and another from the ilium onto the vertebrae, the one migration being caused by expansion of the gastrocnemius, and the other by expansion of the gluteal muscles. A new lateral flexor mass has been formed from part of the reptilian ilio tibialis by migration down the fibula. The nerve supplies of the various muscles are not constant when traced from group to group, and it is suggested that a muscle receives its nerve supply from the nerve nearest to it in embryonic development, so that when a muscle has migrated the nerve supply is no longer a reliable guide to its homology.
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    The activity of the coelomic (germinal) epithelium of the male musk turtle, Sternotherus odoratus (Latreille)The material used in this study was collected and prepared in part at the Zoölogical Laboratories of the University of Michigan. The remainder of the material was prepared and the study was completed at the Zoölogy Department of the State University of Iowa. Acknowledgments for financial assistance are due to the administrators of the Faculty Research Fund of the University of Michigan and to the National Research Council Committee for Research in Problems of Sex as administered by Prof. E. Witschi. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 59-99 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Histological studies of testes of both immature and mature individuals show that the peritoneal epithelium does not give up its proliferative capacities with the completion of testis differentiation. Certain regions of the antimesorchial surface retain their activity and continue to contribute cellular elements during testis growth. Stromal cells, germ cells, and sections of or entire seminiferous tubules originate from the peritoneum in the form of cord-like ingrowths. In this form, the proliferations of the germinal epithelium of the testes are similar to and homologous with the continuous proliferations of the germinal epithelium of the ovary.In Sternotherus, both testis and ovary differentiate out of a bisexual primordium in which the deeper parts of the germinal epithelium form an ovarian cortex. Since the germinal epithelium persists as an active part of both ovary and testis, it must be responsive to the same physiological factors of female or male differentiation respectively. It is indifferent sexually and once the direction of sex differentiation is established, the response of the germinal epithelium is in the determined direction. Its activity is then to produce either seminiferous tubules or ovarian follicles, and is directly dependent upon the processes of embryonic sex differentiation and determination.
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    The development of the thymus bodies in necturus maculosus (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 295-323 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The primordia of the thymus bodies in Necturus begin to form in 7-mm. embryos. These structures arise as clumps of entodermal cells on the posterior dorsal portion of the first four visceral pouches; the first or last pouch, being rudimentary, fails to form such a primordium. All except the first of these primordia lose their connection with their respective pouches in the 16-mm. stage and lie free in the surrounding connective tissue. The primordium on the first pouch begins to show degenerative changes during that stage, losing connection with its pouch in the 23-mm. stage, finally to disappear altogether in 30-mm. specimens.The three remaining bodies continue to grow, but the second and third outstrip the fourth in development and begin to form Hassall's corpuscles in 32- to 34-mm. stages. Sections of 30-mm. Necturi show a few of these corpuscles fairly well developed and containing a faintly staining secretion. The fourth body remains relatively small a long time, not showing the Hassallian cysts until the animal is 60 mm. long. By shifting of positions and increasing in size, the three bodies come to lie in proximity, one behind the other, to form the definitive thymus gland of the adult. The gland lies embedded in the heavy musculature on top of the head in front of the gills.
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    The effects of vitamin E deficiency on the testis of the male fowl (Gallus domesticus) (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 339-359 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of vitamin E deficiency in the fowl were observed in Rhode Island Red males over a period of approximately 2 years.Mating experiments showed that after 1 year on the E-free diet all of the males were capable of fertilizing ova, but that after 2 years some of the males were sterile.Sperm smears showed that shortly after the beginning of the experiment, many of the mature spermatozoa exhibited an abnormal condition of the nuclear material of the head, while others remained normal.In histological sections of the testes made at the end of the 2 years, conditions varied from almost normal to complete atrophy, the latter being a condition that has already been described in the male mammal. Moreover, the conditions in any given section were not uniform for even in an advanced stage of E deficiency there were small islands of apparently normal tissue. However, in this case, as in the mammal, the process of degeneration affects the mature sperm cells first and gradually works to the outside of the seminiferous tubule thus attacking the youngest maturation stages last.The results of the experiment point definitely to destruction of the testis under prolonged E-deficient conditions but it is also quite apparent that the testis of the fowl is extremely resistant to vitamin E deficiency.
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    The osteology of the haplimous fish Novumbra hubbsi schultz with comparative notes on related speciesThe author wishes to thank: Dr. Leonard P. Schultz for his keen interest and helpful advice throughout the course of this study, and for the loan of specimens of Novumbra, Dallia, Umbra and Esox from the collection of fishes, Department of Fisheries, University of Washington; Dr. Carl L. Hubbs, of the University of Michigan, for specimens of Umbra limi, Umbra pygmaea, and Esox vermiculatus; Mr. Arnie Suomela, of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, for specimens of Umbra pygmaea; and Dr. J. R. Norman, of the British Museum, for specimens of, and the loan of a skeleton of Umbra crameri. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 371-405 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This paper is an attempt to clear up the confusion concerning the osteological relationships among the Haplomous fishes.The osteology of Novumbra hubbsi was worked out by the dissection of numerous specimens. The various skeletal features found were compared with the osteology of Umbra limi, U. pygmaea, U. crameri, and Dallia pectoralis.A description of each skeletal element of Novumbra was made, followed by a description of the chief differences between it and the same structures in Umbra and in Dallia. No constant osteological differences were found between Umbra limi and U. pygmaea, and very few between these two species and Umbra crameri. Novumbra and Umbra have more in common with each other than either does with Dallia or Esox. The presence of postorbitals, postcranials, and the shape of the secondary shoulder girdle in Novumbra show it to be also closely related to Dallia and Esox.The relationships of the various forms are summarized in a synoptic key which lists the following groups: Order Haplomi. Superfamily I, Dallioidea; Family Dallidae; Genus and species, Dallia pectoralis. Superfamily II, Umbroidea; Family 1, Umbridae; Genus and species, Umbra limi, U. pygmaea and U. crameri; Family 2, Novumbridae; Genus and species, Novumbra hubbsi. Superfamily III, Esocoidea; Family Esocidae; Genus, Esox.
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    Chemoreceptors of blowflies (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 445-475 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This paper deals with the morphology of all the so-called gustatory and olfactory organs of blowflies, and describes tests conducted to determine whether these insects taste with their tarsi and smell with their antennae and palpi. Antennae bear two types of so-called olfactory hairs, while palpi bear only one. With the aid of an olfactometer it has been shown that antennae and palpi do not bear the olfactory organs.In order to explain the proboscis response, described by Minnich, it is not necessary to assume that tarsi bear gustatory organs, because: (1) a tarus bears no sense organs, except nine olfactory pores; (2) it is almost impossible to wet the tarsi with water or sugar water; and (3) when flies were in the proper nutritive condition and liquids were about 3 mm. from the tarsi, the insects were induced by a special method to exhibit the proboscis response. It was further clearly demonstrated by a similar method that tarsi can easily distinguish between chemically pure saccharose water and distilled water when these liquids are about 3 mm. from the tarsi. The responses, obtained by any method, are caused by two stimuli, one mechanical and the other olfactory. The act of touching the feet produces the initial stimulus and brings the liquids almost in contact with the olfactory pores on the tarsi.
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    Intravitam studies on the hemipteran, Leptocoris trivittatus. A description of the male reproductive organs and the aggregation and turning of the sperms (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 513-531 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A study of the male reproductive organs of a hemipteron, Leptocoris trivittatus, has been made. The genital system, which consists of fan-shaped testes; the vasa deferentia, to which a single pair of accessory glands are attached; ejaculatory ducts and the copulatory apparatus, is described and photomicrographs of consecutive parts presented.Then an analysis of the method of aggregation and turning of the sperms is made by means of intravitam technic. Aggregation and turning commence in the early spermatid stage. A spherical cyst forms, the tails first grow centripetally and then push out toward the lower end of the cyst. This line of growth in the cyst moves the head ends of the spermatids to the upper end where aggregation gradually takes place.The cysts spiral up and across the follicles, the moving force being, probably, the elongating tails. Later they spiral down the follicle, development progressing rapidly. The descending bundles are mature sperm, held together by a cytoplasmic cap.The accessory gland secretes a milky substance which probably activates the sperm at a later stage. Peristalsis occurs in the wall of the gland and duct.The process of massing sperm into bundles before copulation insures effective translocation. Then peristalsis and movement of tubular fluids carry the sperm down the duct to the copulatory apparatus.
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    Localization of mineral ash in the organelles and cytoplasmic components of paramecium (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 421-433 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Paramecium caudatum was studied by micro-incineration, by stained control sections, by vital staining, and by osmic impregnation. It was found that a slow initial heating and a slow cooling after incineration greatly reduce the amount of distortion and shrinkage in the incinerated specimens. Most of the cytoplasmic components and organelles, including vacuome, chondriome, cilia, and basal granules, trichocysts, food vacuoles, and the nuclei, could be identified by their ash. No ash is found in the pellicle and only a small amount in the hyaloplasm. None of the osmiophilic components such as granules or the walls of the contractile vacuole could be identified in the incinerated specimens with certainty. The larger amount of ash in the endoplasm as compared with the ectoplasm is due to the large number of granules in the former region. The nucleus and some of the granules near the nucleus show traces of iron.
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    Studies upon regeneration. I. The constrasting powers of regeneration in planaria and procotylaSupported by a grant from the Committee on Radiation, National Research Council. Acknowledgments are also due to Keio University, Tokyo, Japan, for assistance given the senior author during his service as visiting professor, 1932-1933. The present paper is introductory to studies of the effects of radiation upon the normal structures and activities here described. A number of individuals have assisted in varying degrees in these investigations. Since work present paper, her name appears as a joint author. Certain work by6 C. D. Turner was similarly helpful. The senior author, who has thus supplemented his own studies of the material, has written the paper and assumes responsibility for the observations and their interpretation. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 477-513 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: When sexually mature Procotyla fluviatilis Leidy (commonly but erroneously known as Dendrocoelum lacteum) are cut transversely into head, pharyngeal, and tail pieces of about equal length, the head and pharyngeal pieces fail to regenerate in a large percentage of cases and tail pieces never regenerate. When regeneration occurs in head and pharyngeal pieces it is somewhat slower than in similar pieces of Planaria maculata Leidy and Planaria agilis Stringer with which comparisons were made. Cutting mature Procotyla into larger numbers of pieces usually results in death of all, although smaller pieces from prepharyngeal regions sometimes regenerate. Juvenile P. fluviatilis have greater powers of regeneration, as shown by cutting head and pharyngeal regions into greater numbers of pieces, but tail pieces do not regenerate. These observations confirm and extend those of earlier investigators. Such a restricted power of regeneration contrasts with well-known powers in P. maculata and P. agilis. Counts of formative cells, from which new parts arise in all three species and which are regarded by the authors as a persistent embryonic stock, indicate about 8.5 such cells in P. maculata to 1 in P. fluviatilis per unit area. It is concluded that regeneration in planarians is correlated with numbers of such formative cells and that histological factors are no less important than physiological ones. The paper is preliminary to a study of effects of x-rays upon regeneration.
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    Studies on the spermatocyte divisions in ascaris megalocephala; with special reference to the central bodies, Golgi complex and mitochondria (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 435-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The centrioles are recognized early in the prophase of the primary spermatocyte. They soon become double and migrate around the nucleus in opposite directions. As this is completed the nuclear membrane breaks down and spindle fibers appear. The centrioles divide in the metaphase at a time when the centrosome is still perfectly spherical. The centrosome divides in the anaphase, giving the two centers for the second division. The centriole disappears in the spermatid and cannot be seen in later stages. The behavior of the centers during the spermatocyte divisions is strikingly like that of the egg centers and other types of mitoses. Therefore, it is concluded that the centrioles of the spermatocytes are not to be regarded as different from the centrioles in other types of mitoses.The Golgi bodies increase in number and size during the growth period of the cell. They are usually found in the shape of rings. From these rings are produced the refringent granules which fuse in the late spermatid to form those of the mature sperm. It is therefore concluded that this process represents the formation of the acrosome. The mitochondria show little change during the maturation divisions. In the late spermatid they aggregate around the nucleus and become vesiculated. This is interpreted as the formation of the prenebenkern.
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    Cytology of Troglodytella abrassarti, an intestinal ciliate of the chimpanzee (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 621-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560310
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  • 46
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    Masthead (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550301
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  • 47
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    Somatic mitoses of Drosophila melanogaster (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 125-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The chromosomes of D. melanogaster have been followed through the entire cycle of mitosis in ganglion cells. Primary constrictions exist at about the middle of the second and third chromosomes, at a sub-median position in the Y, at a sub-terminal in the X, and probably also at a sub-terminal position in the fourth chromosome. Secondary constrictions, in addition to those reported by Bridges, are sub-terminal in the arms of the second and third chromosomes. A pronounced sub-median secondary constriction in the left limb of the second chromosome offers a criterion for distinguishing between the second and third chromosomes, and between right and left arms of the second chromosome. The proximal secondary constriction in the X-chromosome and that in the short arm of the Y are associated with the normal development of the nucleolus. Anaphase chromosomes are longitudinally double, the split following the turns of the chromonemata. Metaphase and anaphase chromosomes are essentially isodiametric from end to end, except at the constrictions or indentures. Somatic pairing of chromosomes reaches its maximum expression during late prophases, both in male and female ganglion cells. The four chromatids of the tightly appressed homologues open out in two planes giving distinct chiasma-like configurations. Separation of the paired chromosomes is completed in late prophase, so that at metaphase the homologous chromosomes are not in contact.
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  • 48
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    The cytology of the corpora lutea of the eweA thesis submitted from the Department of Zoölogy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Missouri. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 181-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The cytology of corpora lutea of non-pregnant ewes is described with reference to the origin, structure, fate, and function of these organs. The lutein cells, characteristic of corpora lutea, are derived from the cells of the stratum granulosum of the Graafian follicle; connective-tissue cells, embryonic cells, and non-striated muscle cells, from the theca interna; and erythrocytes, leucocytes, and histiocytes, from the blood stream. The lutein cells undergo changes in size, nuclear structure, and cytoplasmic inclusions correlated with the period in the estrous cycle and disappear during retrogression. Although secretory products have not been identified, a secretory function is postulated on the basis of the structure of the cell.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 49
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    Localization of mineral ash in the organelles of trichonympha, a hypermastigote flagellate from zootermopsis angusticollis (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 231-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The three species of Trichonympha found in Zootermopsis angusticollis were studied by micro-incineration, by control sections, and by Macallum's methods for iron and calcium. The mineral ash is concentrated in the neuromotor system, chromatin, nuclear membrane, the posterior end where ingestion takes place, and in cytoplasmic granules. Micro-incineration and Macallum's Prussian blue method reveal iron in the chromatin alone; Macallum's haematoxylin gives a positive test for iron in the chromatin, rostrum, neuromotor fibrils, etc. It probably is not as specific as the other methods. The two staining methods give negative tests for iron except after acid hydrolysis. Calcium is present in the chromatin, neuromotor system, posterior region of the body, and in many endoplasmic granules. The localization of calcium is correlated with the localization of normally gelated regions.
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    Masthead (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560201
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  • 51
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    Cytological studies of the epidermis of Rana pipiens and Rana clamitans tadpoles, with special reference to the figures of Eberth (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 213-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The conspicuous intracellular fibers (figures of Eberth) which are present in the basal epidermal cells of Rana pipiens and Rana clamitans tadpoles are thought to be connective tissue branches from the corium. They are not believed to represent fused mitochondria as concluded by Saguchi ('13). Their probable function is to furnish support to the basal epidermal cells and to strengthen the connection of the epithelial layer to the corium.It is believed that fully developed tadpole skin, before the period of metamorphosis has begun, consists of only two layers of cells, although there may appear to be more. Each of these layers is believed to be self-maintaining by mitotic division within the individual layer. The basal layer apparently does not furnish cells to the outer layer, nor was any evidence found that the outer layer is sloughed during the larval period.
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  • 52
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    Caste determination and differentiation with special reference to the genus reticulitermes (Isoptera) (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 267-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The results of recent investigations concerning caste determination among termites have been briefly reviewed with emphasis upon the work of Thompson ('17). From examination of new data upon the development of Reticulitermes arenincola Goellner, R. flavipes (Kollar), and R. tibialis Banks, and of Thompson's original R. flavipes material, I am unable to substantiate her claim that the sterile and reproductive castes are separable into two distinct groups at the time of hatching. I could distinguish them first in stadium three and suggest that the second stadium may be a critical period in differentiation. From evidence to date, it must be granted that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors may play a role in the production of castes. The delay in appearance of demonstrable caste differences until the third stadium in the genus Reticulitermes at least admits of an opportunity for extrinsic factors to be effective. Growth and metamorphosis of various structures which ultimately lead to the three differentiated castes have been followed through successive stadia. Gynandromorphs and intercastes among social insects give indication of the physiological and genetic factors influencing both morphological and behavior differences among castes.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    Erratum (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 55 (1934), S. 565-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050550307
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  • 54
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    The development of the posterior cardinal veins in relation to the swim bladder in Lepidosteus (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The origin and development of the posterior cardinals and associated veins in relation to the swim bladder, as well as their morphology, have been studied in Lepidosteus. The posterior cardinals develop, beginning in the 4-mm. stage, as sinuses in the mesenchyme dorsal to the gut and near the mesonephori. A pneumatic vein appears first in the 13-mm. stage. It collects from the posterior portion of the swim bladder and empties into the right posterior cardinal. In the younger stages the caudal vein empties directly into the posterior cardinals as is the case in the adult cyclostome, but by the 58-mm. stage it has joined veins dorsal to the mesonephori forming a renal portal system. An anal vein appears in the region of the anus and joins the caudal. Later, with the development of the renal portal system, the anal separates from the caudal to become the single posterior extension of the posterior cardinals. The posterior portion of the right cardinal contributes largely to the development of an abdominal portal vein extending from the posterior root of the right posterior cardinal to the liver. These relationships of the posterior cardinals differ from those found in other fishes, due perhaps to the function of the right cardinal and its pneumatic branch in collecting blood from the swim bladder.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    Staining reactions of protoplasm and its formed components. A cytological and biochemical study (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 101-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Chemical analyses of the lipoids in fresh and autolyzed pancreas of the cat have been correlated with the staining reactions of sections of this organ preserved by three cytological methods. Quantities of total fats and of phospholipins, the iodine numbers of total fats and of phospholipins, and the free fatty acid numbers were determined. None of the methods of fixation used reveals the total fat content of the tissue. The intensity of staining of material fixed by Helly's method and stained with acid fuchsin is dependent on the phospholipins of the tissue, but the exact nature of the relationship is not certain. The intensity of staining of material preserved by Champy's method and stained with acid fuchsin can be correlated with the iodine number of the phospholipins of the cells. The degree of blackness of sections preserved by the Kolatchev-Nassonov method can be correlated with the iodine number of the phospholipins of the cells. The free fatty acid content is probably also a significant factor. The methods demonstrate lipoids qualitatively rather than quantitatively. Only physiologically similar cells may justifiably be compared by the cytological methods studied.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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    The material continuity and individuality of the somatic chromosomes of Ambystoma tigrinum, with special reference to the nucleolus as a chromosomal component (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 157-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Two features of this study have furnished direct evidence for the material continuity and individuality of the chromosomes in the epithelial cells of the larvae of Ambystoma tigrinum (1) the tracing of the complete history of a specific chromosome, the nucleolus-containing chromosome, throughout the successive stages of mitosis and interkinesis, (2) the following of the exact parallelism in behavior (during mitosis) of the chromosomes in a given nuclear group with that in a single chromosome which has been isolated in the cytoplasm from the main chromosomal complex.Each of the two nucleoli is subterminally located in the short arm of one of two particular V-shaped chromosomes. The latter are probably homologues.78: In this subterminal chromosomal position the nucleolus exhibits in fixed and stained preparations an achromatic character in late prophase, metaphase, anaphase and early telophase, while it presents itself as a chromatic element in middle telophase, late telophase, interkinesis and early prophase.The nucleolus is not a simple homogeneous body, but rather a complex structure, the nature of which is revealed in the study of its evolution during the chromatic phase of its cycle in mitosis.
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    Measurements of the skull and of some of the long bones of the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus cinnamominus) (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 203-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The skull, mandible, and five pairs of long bones from the skeletons of 125 muskrats were weighed and measured. Each bone of the pairs of long bones was weighed and measured separately. Thirteen dimensions of the skull were determined.The long bones are slightly less variable in length than the skull dimensions. There is a rather wide range of variation in the thirteen dimensions of the skull, with the length and breadth of the skull less variable than the lengths of the long bones.The coefficients of correlation show that the weight of the skull is a good index to the weights of the long bones. The skull length has likewise high correlations with the lengths of the long bones and the longitudinal dimensions of the skull, with the exception of the palatine slits. The transverse diameters are not significantly correlated with the skull length.The long bones are asymmetrical in weight and length. They are longer more frequently on the left side and all except the tibia are heavier more frequently on the left side.
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    A study of the development of the cochlea and cochlearis in the fetal albino rat (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 243-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The position of the inner ear and its relation to surrounding structures in the fetal head is ascertained. The growth and shape change of the cochlea is followed and measured. The change in size and appearance of the ductus cochlearis has been followed througout the various fetal stages. The growth and development of the scala vestibuli and scala tympani have been noted. The size and shape of the cells of the organs of Corti and the development and attachments of the tectorial membrane have been measured. The growth and developmental relationships of the tunnel of Corti have been followed. The growth and time of appearance of the organs with their relationship to hearing have been treated. The type of cell structure and the various structural changes throughout the development have been noted and correlated with the growth and size of the structure as a whole. The repidity of growth of all separate parts has been correlated and united to show the extent of development of the newborn rat inner ear.
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    The idiochromosomes of an earwig, Labidura riparia (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The diploid number of chromosomes of a species of Indian earwigs, Labidura riparia, is fourteen; six pairs of autosomes with X and Y idiochromosomes for the male; six pairs of autosomes with X and X for the female.The chromosome distribution is normal, and constant for all the individuals studied.X and Y are derived from a single chromatin nucleolus of the early growth period which assumes a clavate form later, and remains in the same form till the metaphase of the primary spermatocyte is reached.
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    Masthead (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050560301
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    A study of the chromosomes of Xiphophorus, Platypoecilus and of Xiphophorus-Platypoecilus hybrids during spermatogenesisThe writer wishes to acknowledge his indebtedness to Dr. C. L. Turner for advice and assistance. (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 423-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: During spermatogonial stages in Xiphophorus and Platypoecilus maculatus and Platypoecilus couchiana and in the hybrid, two distinct types of cells are observed, a large lightly staining primary spermatogonium and a smaller deeply staining secondary spermatogonium. Chromosomes of primary spermatogonia of Platypoecilus maculatus and Platypoecilus couchiana differ somewhat from those of Xiphophorus helleri and Xiphophorus jalapa, but are very similar to those of the hybrid at this stage.Chromosomes of Xiphophorus at this stage are long and thin, while those of Platypoecilus and of the hybrid are somewhat short and thick. Visible chromosome differences appear only during the primary spermatogonial stages.The haploid group of chromosomes, numbering twenty-four in the hybrid, so resembles that of Xiphophorus and of these two species of Platypoecilus in both number and morphological characteristics during the primary spermatocyte division as to be practically indistinguishable from either. Persistent lagging of one large chromosome as it comes upon the equatorial plate during the primary spermatocyte division is very noticeable. Precocious division of this chromosome and the advancing of its two daughter components to the poles of the spindle in advance of other chromosomes indicates that this chromosome may be a sex chromosome. The fact that two daughter components are identical morphologically and that each secondary spermatocyte receives one of them suggests that the male in Xiphophorus and in Platypoecilus is homogametic.
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    Somatic synapsis in chironomus, with special reference to the individuality of the chromosomes (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 577-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The nuclear band of the cells of the salivary glands of Chironomus larvae regularly consists of four segments or chromosomes. Each of these may be recognized by its characteristic distribution of chromatin discs of various sizes. When nucleolar elements are present they have a definite location in relation to the chromation discs of a certain chromosome. The diploid number of chromosomes is eight; therefore, the four segments in the cells of the salivary glands represent four pairs of homologous chromosomes in somatic synapsis which here is not a simple approximation but an accurate pairing part by part of the homologous chromosomes.
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    Insect development. VII. Early stages in the development of grasshopper eggs of known age and with a known temperature history (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 593-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The rate of maturation and of development during the first 4 days has been followed in Melanoplus differentialis eggs (from mated females) collected (1) just before they were laid, or (2) immediately after oviposition had been completed and (1) either fixed at once, or (2) after incubation at 25°C. for definite periods.
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    Insect development. VIII. Maturation and early development of unfertilized grasshopper eggs (1934)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 56 (1934), S. 603-619 
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    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Maturation and early cleavage in unfertilized Melanoplus differentialis eggs have been followed with material secured immediately before as well as after oviposition, and (1) fixed at once, or (2) held in an incubator at 25°C. and, subsequently, fixed at selected intervals. Eggs ready to be laid were all found in the metaphase of the first maturation division. The second polar body is given off (at 25°C.) within 5 to 7 hours after laying. Meiosis appears to be unaffected by the absence of the sperm nucleus and proceeds at the same rate as in fertilized eggs. No morphological differences could be found between the process here and in eggs from mated females.During early cleavage, or later, the diploid number of chromosomes may be restored in some (or perhaps all) cells of the embryo.Development begins in the greater number of these unfertilized eggs but is successfully completed in only a very few.
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    The structure of the human vaginal mucosa in relation to the menstrual cycle and to pregnancy (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 54 (1934), S. 27-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000540103
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    The distribution of parietal cells in the stomach: A histotopographic studyAbridgment of thesis submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Medicine, March, 1933. Submitted for publication June 7, 1933. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 54 (1934), S. 87-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000540104
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    On the morphology of the omentum, with especial reference to its lymphatics (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 54 (1934), S. 203-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000540203
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    The skeletal development of the anterior limb of the guinea-pig, Cavia cobaya Cuv., from the 25-day embryo to the 161-day post natal guinea-pigContribution from the Zoölogy Department of the Kansas State College of Agriculture and Applied Science, No. 160. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 54 (1934), S. 315-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000540206
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    The differentiation of entire young rabbit embryos in omental grafts (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 54 (1934), S. 347-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000540302
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    X-irradiation of the ovaries of guinea-pigs and its effect on subsequent pregnancies (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 55 (1934), S. 1-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000550102
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    Responses of the reproductive system of hypophysectomized and normal rats to injections of pregnancy-urine extracts. I. The maleAided by a grant from the Committee for Research in Problems of Sex, The National Research Council. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 145-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580207
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    Responses of the reproductive system of hypophysectomized rats to injections of pregnancy-urine extracts. II. The femaleAided by a grant from the National Research Council, Committee on Problems of Sex. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 175-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580208
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    The effects of ultraviolet irradiation on rachitic chickensSubmitted for publication September 8, 1933. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 205-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580209
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    Thirty-first session: Proceedings, constitution and by-laws, officers and list of members (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 1-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580210
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    A method for preparing frozen sections of infant cadavers (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 241-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580305
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    Artificially induced ovulation in the cat (felis domestica)The writer gratefully acknowledges his indebtedness to Prof. C. H. Danforth for unfailing helpfulness throughout this investigation. His sincere thanks are due, also, to Dr. A. W. Meyer for his kindness in reading and criticising the manuscript. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580302
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    A rare cardiac anomaly of a human fetus (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 245-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580306
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  • 78
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    Studies on the somites of amblystoma punctatum. I. The replacement of the second, third, and fourth somites by the corresponding somites from older or younger donors (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 249-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580307
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    Studies on the somites of Amblystoma punctatum. II. The result of the dorso-ventral reversal of the second, third and fourth somites (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 273-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580308
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    The later development of the bursa pharyngea: Homo (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 303-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 27 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580310
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    Masthead (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580401
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    Secretory activity of the inner layer of the embryonic mid-brain of the chick, as revealed by tissue cultureAcknowledgment is due to Yale University for the grant of a Sterling Research Fellowship and to Doctor Harrison for extending the facilities of his laboratory to the author. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580309
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    The ontogenetic history of the mitochondria and Golgi network of the hepatic cell of the chick (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 321-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 36 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580402
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    Histochemical studies on the mammalian kidney. I. The glomerular elimination of ferrocyanide in the rabbit, and some related problemsGrateful acknowledgment is made to The Chemical Foundation for its support which made this work possible, received through the Julius Stieglitz Fund for Research in Chemistry Applied to Medicine. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 349-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580403
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    The transplantation of the adult hypophysis into young salamander larvaeFor the photographs and photomicrographs which illustrate this paper, the author is indebted to Mr. M. C. Orser. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 415-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580406
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    Histochemical studies on the mammalian kidney. II. The glomerular elimination of uric acid in the rabbitGrateful acknowledgment is made to The Chemical Foundation for its support which made this work possible, received through the Julius Stieglitz Fund for Research in Chemistry Applied to Medicine. I wish also to acknowledge the interest of Dr. Edward J. Stieglitz. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 369-385 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580404
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    Experiments on developing rats. I. Limits of foetal regeneration; behavior of embryonic material in abnormal environments (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 58 (1934), S. 387-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090580405
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    The mitotic index of the thyroid gland in guinea pig and ratThese investigations were carried out with the aid of a grant for research in science made to Washington University by the Rockefeller Foundation. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 5-14 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590103
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    An infra-hyoid muscular anomaly in man (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 41-45 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590106
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    Bone changes due to lathyrism in rats (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 283-295 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590303
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    Hemal nodes in man (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 297-310 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590304
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    The supracondyloid variation in the human embryo (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 315-333 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590306
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    The homology of the presemimembranosus muscle in some rodents (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 311-314 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590305
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    The effects of ultracentrifuging upon the Golgi apparatus in the uterine gland cells (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 363-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590309
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    The effect of anterior lobe extract or concentrated human urine of pregnancy upon the early part of gestation in the rabbit (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 375-381 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    A new formula for injecting cadavers (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 393-394 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590312
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    Some facts regarding growth of the Wistar rat under standard conditions in Britain (derivative Edinburgh stock)These observations were made in connection with experiments performed during the tenure of a Carnegie Research Scholarship. (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 383-391 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590311
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    New books and publications (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. A394 
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    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590313
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    Masthead (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590401
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    Effect of ultracentrifuging on the mitochondria of the hepatic cells of the rat (1934)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 59 (1934), S. 395-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090590402
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