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  • 1980-1984  (3,919)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3,506)
  • Gas chromatography  (412)
  • Nuclear reactions
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of environmental 2-ethoxyethanol by gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 55 (1984), S. 272-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: 2-Ethoxyethanol ; Teratogen ; Adsorption ; Desorption ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A gas Chromatographic procedure for the determination of 2-ethoxyethanol (C2H5OCH2CH2OH) was developed by using the general principles of analysis of solvent vapors. 2-Ethoxyethanol was sampled by adsorbing on activated carbon. It was desorbed with carbon disulfide plus 2-propanol (0.5%). The analytical column was packed with 10% free fatty acid phase on Chromosorb-P AW. The analysis was conducted at 130° C isothermal using a flame ionization detector. Addition of 2-propanol (0.5%) to carbon disulfide improved (P≤0.01) desorption of 2-ethoxyethanol adsorbed on activated carbon. The mean desorption efficiency of carbon disulfide plus 2-propanol (0.5%) was 87.9±2.86% (n=15). Based on a 101 air sample and detector sensitivity of 2×10−10AFS, the calculated limit of detection of 2-ethoxyethanol was 0.1 ppm. The precision (coefficient of variation) for this analytical procedure was 3.34% (n=12). In conclusion, 2-ethoxyethanol adsorbed on activated carbon can be desorbed with carbon disulfide plus 2-propanol (0.5%). Subsequently the desorbed 2-ethoxyethanol can be analyzed by gas chromatographic identification on 10% FFAP using a flame ionization detector.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00341025
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselectivity of enzymes involved in toxicity and detoxification of soman (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 55 (1984), S. 70-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Soman ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Cholinesterases ; Aliesterase ; Phosphorylphosphatase ; Toxicity ; Stereoselectivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The fate of the four stereoisomers of soman [0-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)-methyl-fluoro phosphonate] has been studied a) in vivo in mouse blood and liver after IP injection of 0.75 × LD50 Rc- and Sc-soman respectively, and b) in vitro upon incubation wih acetyl- und pseudocholinesterase, aliesterase and phosphorylphosphatase. The analytical method used is based on gas chromatography — mass spectrometry with deuterated internal standard. Most soman disappeared very rapidly from blood and liver. In liver, SCRP and RCRP, the two isomers that preferentially react with cholinesterase, could be detected. The level of SCRP, which was higher than that of RCRP, could be followed for 17–18 h. In blood only SCRP could be detected. The amounts found were fairly constant during the time period 2 min to 4h, and it could even be detected 17–18 h after soman administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316590
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steroid biochemistry of virilising adrenal tumours in childhood (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 142 (1984), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Adrenal gland neoplasms ; Urine steroids ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Steroid excretion in urine of 12 infants with virilising adrenal tumours has been determined using gas chromatography. In six children, (Group A, five female, one male) aged 2.8–5.3 years, very high urinary excretions of 17 oxosteroids (〉40 μmol/24 h) were largely accounted for by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA). In one of the girls, the pattern of steroids excreted in urine was similar to that of newborn infants, with high excretions of 16-oxygenated derivatives of DHA. The histology of this tumour suggested a neoplasia of fetal-type adrenocortical cells. Very large tumours were found in three of the infants, two of whom have died and one has multiple metastases. From the other three children, small, well-encapsulated adenomas were successfully removed. Six children (Group B), had moderately elevated 17-oxosteroid exrretions (8–17 μmol/ 24 h). In five of these cases (four female, one male) aged 0.8–5 years, 11β-hydroxyandrosterone was a consistently prominent urinary steroid. In one boy, aged 7.7 years, 17-oxosteroid excretion was 15 μmol/24 h and the major steroids in urine were metabolites of pregnenolone. These six children have survived with no clinical evidence of recurrent tumour. The in vivo functional activities of the tumours can be deduced from the different profiles of steroids in urine. These have revealed heterogeneous patterns of steroid biosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442442
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of free fractions of tricyclic antidepressants (1984)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 327 (1984), S. 260-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Amitriptyline ; Imipramine ; Clomipramine ; Demethylated metabolites ; Free fractions ; Serum ; Equilibrium dialysis ; Gas chromatography ; Binding parameters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The plasma protein binding of amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine, and their primary demethylated metabolites were studied by means of a method combining dialysis and gas chromatography. Equilibrium in dialysis of serum containing amitriptyline and its metabolite nortriptyline was attained in about 0.5 h with the drug dissolved in the serum compartment, and in about 2 h with the drug passing from the buffer to the serum compartment. The calculation of free fractions was influenced by variations with dialysis time in the volumes of serum and buffer. Increase of pH in serum increased the protein binding of the weakly basic drugs studied, and made the Donnan distribution effects more pronounced. At pH 7.4, the Donnan effect was negligible. Binding parameters for the 6 tricyclic antidepressant substances studied were estimated for the binding to α1-acid glycoprotein and for total binding in serum. For α1-acid glycoprotein, the k-values ranged from 1·105 to 8·105 M−1, and for pooled serum from 0.4·105 to 8·105 M−1. The determined number of binding sites on the α1-acid glycoprotein was, on average 0.87 for the 6 substances. In serum, the binding capacity was 2–14 times the concentration of α1-acid glycoprotein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00502459
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of electric interactions in the retention index concept; Implications in quantitative structure-retention studies (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 615-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Retention index ; Electric parameters ; Physico-chemical relationships ; Structure-retention study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new equation is derived relating the retention index to the molecular polarizabilities, ionization potentials and permanent dipole moments of the stationary phase and the solute. Various implications of this equation to quantitative structure-retention relationships are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261974
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Air-sampling of aldehydes—Application to chromatographic determination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Aldehydes and ketones ; 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-coated silica gel ; Gas chromatography ; Column liquid chromatography ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary After a brief review of several methods described in the literature this paper discusses air-sampling on 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-coated silica gel and identification requirements for aldehydes and ketones most commonly found in industrial pollution. Quantitative analysis of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde either by GC or by HPLC techniques is established using a dynamic system producing test atmospheres and compared with the usual colorimetric determinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258770
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of interaction of olefin-bonded transition metal complexes by gas chromatography. Diphenylphosphine complexes with CoCl2 and CoBr2 (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Metal complexes ; Chemically bonded phase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Packings consisting of diphenylphosphine complexes with CoCl2 and CoBr2, chemically bonded to the silica surface, were synthesized and their retention parameters determined. The packings are capable of specifically interacting with electron-donating compounds by forming π-complexes. The interaction is considerably stronger in the case of CoBr2-containing packing than in the case of CoCl2-containing packing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02276734
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resolution and assignment of the configuration of secondary aliphatic alcohols by gas chromatography on chiral phase (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 294-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Configuration ; Resolution ; Alcohols
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The study of the resolution of sixteen secondary aliphatic alcohols by gas chromatography on (+)-dodecyl (2R, 3R)-tartrate, trapping the ascending part of the peak from a conventional filled column, has allowed the determination in a single operation of the sign and order of emergence of enantiomers. A correlation between the configuration of these secondary alcohols and their order of emergence has been established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259080
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Esterification of C2−C16 dicarboxylic acids to n-butyl esters in aqueous solutions for their gas chromatographic analysis (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 637-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Esterification in aqueous solution ; n-Butyl esters of C2−C16 dicarboxylic acids ; Dicarboxylic acid analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary C2−C16 dicarboxylic acids were esterified in aqueous solution in the presence of sulfuric acid. Esterification in water/n-butanol mixtures with mole ratios between 0.02 and 2.53 can be utilized for the quantitative determination of the dicarboxylic acids by gas chromatography. The presence of water does not interfere at water/n-butanol mole ratios below 0.27. For mole ratios above 0.27 anhydrous sodium sulfate has been used for binding the water. The mole ratio range was 0.25–0.75 for anhydrous sodium sulfate/water, and 0.32–1.3 for sulfuric acid/anhydrous sodium sulfate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261980
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic analysis of aromatic, carboxylic acids in the presence of C1−C5 fatty acids and C2−C7 dicarboxylic acids esterified in aqueous solutions as the n-butyl esters (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 673-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Esterification in aqueous solution ; n-Butyl esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The direct esterification and gas chromatographic analysis of aromatic carboxylic acids as n-butyl esters is described. Derivatization is performed in aqueous solution with n-butanol in the presence of sulfuric acid. The butyl esters of benzoic, phthalic, hemimellitic, trimellitic, trimesic and pyromellitic acids permit their gas chromatographic separation from each other and from fatty acids and alipatic dicarboxylic acids. At mole ratios of [H2O]/ [n-BuOH]≤0.04 the water present does not interfere with the esterification reaction. At mole ratios above 0.04 anhydrous sodium sulfate is used for binding the water, at mole ratios of [Na2SO4 anh.]/[H2O]=0.25–0.75.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265812
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation of analytically stable, immobilized stationary phase coatings on colums packing materials (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 11-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Cross-linked Stationary phase ; Immobilized Stationary phase ; Packed columns ; Trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A coating of silicone SE-54 on Chromosorb W has been converted to an analytically stable, immobilized stationary phase layer by cross-linking with an organic peroxide. Up to 10% by weight has been applied in this manner. Excellent high temperature qualities are exhibited, such as low bleeding and good base line stability, during typical analyses. Poly (2,6-dimethyl-p-phenylene oxide) has also been crosslinked as a surface coating on Chromosorb W with an organic peroxide. From 3 to 4% by weight has been immobilized in this way. The resultant packing material, following high temperature conditioning, has been examined for use as an adsorbent of trace substances, similar to the applications to which such adsorbents as Tenax GC have commonly been applied, e.g. trace analysis of air. It appears to exhibit satisfactory properties for this analytical purpose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279455
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatographic determination of tetramethrin on woolen cloth and in aqueous treatment formulations (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 556-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Liquid chromatography ; Tetramethrin ; Residues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the analysis of tetramethrin aqueous formulation and residues of tetramethrin on woolen cloth. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and partitioned with benzene. Interferences were removed by liquid column chromatography with acid alumina and eluted with 10% ethyl acetate-hexane. Analysis was by gas chromatography with a 10% UCW98 (methylsilicone) column. Detection was made with the flame ionization detector to avoid the repeated dilutions necessary with use of the electron capture detector.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265694
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solubilities and partial molar enthalpies of solution for polar gas-liquid systems determined by gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 663-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Gas solubilities ; Enthalpies of solution ; Polar solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The gas-liquid chromatographic method has been used to determine the solubilities and partial molar enthalpies of solution of the gases H2S, CO2 and COS in four polar solvents. The results agree well with literature values obtained using conventional techniques, with the one exception of H2S in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. In this case there is some evidence for the occurrence of adsorption at the gas-liquid interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02265810
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscosity of gases used as the mobile phase in gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Carrier gas ; Viscosity ; Influence of temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The vicosity-temperature relationship of the three gases (helium, nitrogen and hydrogen) most frequenly used as the carrier gas in gas chromatography is studied. Based on available data, equaitions are derived to describe this relationship. Using these equations viscosity data are tabulated for the chromatographically important temperature range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270558
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of some polar compounds with methylsilicone liquid phases in gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 202-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Polysiloxane stationary phases ; Heat of adsorption ; Heat of solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The changes in the heat of solution of polar compounds and xylene isomers in methylsilicone fluid OV-101 deposited on Chromosorb W AW DMCS were studied. It was shown that the heat of solution increases with an increase of the percentage loading of the OV-101 up to 10%. Solution and adsorption thermodynamic characteristics of the studied system are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02276733
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-column injection in the stopped-flow mode with open-tubular columns (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 234-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open-tubular columns ; On-column injection ; Stopped-flow operation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A simple, inexpensive, on-column injector of the septum moving-needle kind is described for quantitative analysis using open-tubular columsn. when operated in the stopped-flow mode an improvement incolumn efficiency is observed combined wit a diminished tendency to produce split-top peaks, particularly for late eluting peaks. Using electronic integration a relative error of about 2.7% was observed for peaks spanning a wide range of sample concentrations and volatilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270556
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thermodynamic criterion for the identification of the functional group of aliphatic compounds by gas chromatography (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 449-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Thermodynamic relationships ; Retention index ; Peak identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A thermodynamic criterion, ΔQ, is suggested which permits to estimate the difference in the functional group energy of interactions for two different stationary phases. The linear dependence of ΔQ on the homolog number m of any series Rm X can be used as the thermodynamic criterion for the identification of substances by GC analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262976
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of open tubular columns as a function of tube diameter and liquid phase film thickness (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 477-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open tubular (capillary) columns ; Sample capacity ; Column comparison ; Film thickness ; Column diameter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Wall-coated, open-tubular (capillary) columns prepared from different diameter tubing, with different liquid phase film thickness, are compared with each other and with packed and support-coated open-tubular columns. The comparison is based on the variation of the phase ratio and the capacity factor, and includes column efficiency (HETP, theoretical plate number), resolution, retention time, and sample capacity. Problems associated with the evaluation of the sample capacity are outlined. The influence of temperature on column performance is discussed in detail. Finally, the possibilities of short, wide-bore open-tubular columns prepared with a thick liquid-phase film are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02267232
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of carboxylic acids by gas chromatography. Derivatisation using chloroacetone (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 309-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Carboxylic acids ; Acetonyl derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The preparation of the acetonyl esters of nine aliphatic carboxylic acids is described, the general formula of the derivatives being RCOOCH2COCH3 where R=alkyl or H. The derivatives show good chromatographic properties on both packed and capillary columns. The electron impact and chemical ionisation mass spectra of the derivatives are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259083
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic determination of parabens in various pharmaceutical dosage forms (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 260-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Parabens and their dissolution ; Pharmaceutical dosage forms ; Derivatization ; Gas chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A specific, sensitive and general applicabla gas chromatographic method is described for the determination of parabens in various liquid pharmaceutical preparations: propylparaben and butylparaben in a liquid antacid dosage form (I); methylparaben, ethylparaben and propylparaben in a syrup (II); methylparaben and propylparaben in a solution for injection (III). Each time one of the parabens is used as internal standard. The parabens are extracted with diethylether and derivatized by silylation. Different columns are used for the analysis of the parabens: 3% SE-30 column, a 3% QF-1 column for different selectivity, a 2% OV-1 column for isothermal operation. Special attention is attributed to the standard: the parabens are dissolved in a minimal amount of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide and extracted in the same way as the pharmaceutical dosage form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02270561
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Open tubular columns: The influence of changing the liquid phase film thickness on column efficiency (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 367-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open tubular (capillary) columns ; Variation of film thickness ; Thick-film columns ; Mass transfer terms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The factors characterizing the influence of the variation of the liquid phase film thickness on the mass transfer terms in the Golay equations describing the performance of open tubular columns are investigated and numerical values are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262482
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-liquid chromatography of isopropylidene-glucose and glucose as their trimethylsilyl derivatives (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 21-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Isopropylidene-glucose ; Glucose ; GC of TMS-derivatives
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the gas chromatographic separation of the mixture of di- and mono-O-isopropylidene-D-glucose and D-glucose as their trimethylsilyl derivatives. The use of OV-101 as liquid phase provides a complete separation for the all components in the mixture. Quantative analysis was performed using xylitol as the internal standard for di- and mono-O-isopropylidene-D-glucose, and sorbitol as the internal standard for α-and β-glucose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279458
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coupling of chromatography and NMR part 5: Analysis of high-boiling gas-chromatographic fractions by on-line nuclear magnetic resonance (1984)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 18 (1984), S. 31-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Terpenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A procedure is described for recording1H NMR spectra of flowing gaseous GC fractions boiling as high as 200°C. The line width of the signals in the NMR spectra is smaller than 2.2Hz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279461
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hetero-π-Systeme, 7. Silabenzol (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2337-2350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hetero-π-Systems, 7. SilabenzeneFlash pyrolysis of silacyclohexadiene derivatives 5k, 5m, and 7b yields silabenzene (1), which can be isolated in an argon matrix at 10 K. 1 exhibits characteristic IR and UV spectra. By photoexcitation a mutual interconversion between silabenzene (1) and dewarsilabenzene (2) can be achieved.
    Notes: Durch Kurzzeitpyrolyse der drei Silacyclohexadien-Derivate 5k, 5m und 7b läßt sich Silabenzol (1) erzeugen und in einer Argonmatrix bei 10 K isolieren. 1 zeichnet sich durch charakteristische IR- und UV-Spektren aus. Mittels photochemischer Anregung ist eine gegenseitige Umwandlung zwischen Silabenzol (1) und Dewarsilabenzol (2) zu erreichen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170707
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photochemie des 1,3,5-Tristyrylbenzols (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2452-2463 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemistry of 1,3,5-TristyrylbenzeneDepending on the reaction conditions the irradiation of the title compound 1 yields the cyclophane 5, the pyrene derivative 6, or the polycondensed aromatic system 9. An X-ray analysis was performed for 5, representing a new type of cyclophane in which two benzene rings are bridged again by rings.
    Notes: In Abhängigkeit von den Reaktionsbedingungen erhält man bei der Belichtung der Titelverbindung 1 das Cyclophan 5, das Pyrenderivat 6 oder das polykondensierte aromatische System 9. Für den neuen Cyclophantyp 5, bei dem zwei Benzolringe selbst wieder durch Ringe verbrückt sind, wurde eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse durchgeführt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170716
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  • 26
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    Cyclopropene als Komplexliganden: η4-Vinylketen-Komplexe des Mangans, Vanadiums und Cobalts; präparative und röntgenographische Ergebnisse (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2469-2478 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclopropenes as Complex Ligands: η4-Vinylketene Complexes of Manganese, Vanadium, and Cobalt; Preparative and X-ray Crystallographic ResultsThe reaction of 1,2,3-triphenylcyclopropene with (η5-C5H5)Mn(CO)3, (η5-C5H5)V(CO)4, (η5-C5H5)Co(CO)2 and Co2(CO)8 yields via ring opening and carbonylation the new compounds LMn(C5H5)CO (1), LV(C5H5)(CO)2 (2), LCo(C5H5) (3, 4) and L2Co2(CO)4 (6) (L = η4-C3Ph3HCO), respectively. In the reaction with (η5-C5H5)Co(CO)2 additionally the formation of 2,3-diphenylindenone (5) is observed. The X-ray structures of 1, 3 and 5 have been determined.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von 1,2,3-Triphenylcyclopropen mit (η5-C5H5)Mn(CO)3, (η5-C5H5)V(CO)4, (η5-C5H5)Co(CO)2 und Co2(CO)8 ergibt unter Ringöffnung und Carbonylierung die neuen Verbindungen LMn(C5H5)CO (1), LV(C5H5)(CO)2 (2), LCo(C5H5) (3, 4) bzw. L2CO2(CO)4 (6) (L = η4-C3Ph3HCO). Bei der Reaktion mit (η5-C5H5)Co(CO)2 wird außerdem die Bildung von 2,3-Diphenylindenon (5) beobachtet. Die Röntgenstrukturen von 1, 3 und 5 wurden bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170718
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    Beiträge zur Chemie des Bors, 140. Bor-, Aluminium- und Galliumhalogenid-Addukte einer Tetraaminodibor-Verbindung (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2495-2503 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 1401). Boron, Aluminium, and Gallium Halide Adducts of a Tetraaminodiboron CompoundThe tetraamino diboron compound 1 adds trihalides EX3 (E = B, Al, Ga, X = Cl, Br, I) to yield 1:1- and 1:2-coordination compounds. The BBr3 adduct 1b is thermally stable and shows nonfluxional behaviour in solution in contrast to the AlCl3 and GaCl3 adducts. The 1:2 adducts are nonfluxional and, according to NMR spectra, only the meso-form is present. The structure of the 1:1-adducts was ascertained by an X-ray structure determination of 1g. The single crystal contained R configurated molecules. A change from planar to the envelope conformation of the diazaborolidine ring occurs on adduct formation.
    Notes: Die Tetraaminodibor-Verbindung 1 lagert die Trihalogenide EX3 (E = B, Al, Ga; X = Cl, Br, I) zu 1:1- bzw. 1:2-Koordinationsverbindungen an. Von diesen zeigt nur das thermisch stabilere BBr3-Addukt 1b in Lösung im Gegensatz zu den AlCl3- und GaCl3-Addukten kein fluktuierendes Verhalten. Die 1:2-Addukte sind starr, und nach NMR-Spektren bildet sich nur die meso-Form. Die Struktur der 1:1-Addukte wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 1g gesichert; die Einkristalle enthielten ein R-konfiguriertes Molekül. Durch die Addition nimmt der sonst planare Diazaborolidin-Ring Briefumschlag-Konformation an.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170720
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    Beiträge zur Chemie des Bors, 141. Unerwartete Bildung eines Bis(amino)borans: Darstellung und Struktur von Bis(benzyl-tert-butylamino)boran (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2504-2509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 1411). Unexpected Formation of a Bis(amino)borane: Synthesis and Structure of Bis(benzyl-tert-butylamino)boraneThe reaction of BCl3 with 3 molar equivalents of lithium benzyl-tert-butylamide produces the bis(amino)borane 2 in 29% yield. According to an X-ray structure determination the compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, and the molecule possesses almost C2 symmetry. The mean BN bond lenght is 142 pm, and the C2N planes are twisted by an average of 23.8° versus the HBN2 plane.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von BCl3 mit 3 mol Lithium-benzyl-tert-butylamid liefert mit 29% Ausbeute das Bis(amino)boran 2. Nach Röntgenstrukturanalyse der monoklin in der Raumgruppe C2/c kristallisierenden Verbindung besitzt das Molekül nahezu C2-Symmetrie. Der durchschnittliche BN-Abstand beträgt 142 pm, und die C2N-Ebenen sind gegen die HBN2-Ebenen um durchschnittlich 23.8° verdrillt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170721
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    Beiträge zur Chemie des Bors, 139. Additionsverbindungen von Alkylhalogenboranen mit 1,3,2-Diazaborolidinen: Struktur, Stabilität und Austauschreaktionen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2479-2494 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 139. Addition Compounds of Alkylhalogenoboranes with 1,3,2-Diazaborolidines: Structure, Stability, and Exchange ReactionsReactions of alkylhalogenoboranes RnBX3 - n (n = 0 - 2) with the 1,3-dimethyl-1,3,2-diazaborolidines 1 - 4 yield stable 1:1 addition compounds 1a - e, 2a, 3a - d, 4a irrespective of the boron substituents. Coordination of the borane moiety occurs at a ring N atom. An X-ray structure determination of the BCl3-adduct 3a shows two enantiomers in the asymmetric unit, envelope ring conformation, and strong π-bonding between the non-coordinated B an N atoms. - Equilibria of the 1:1 adducts with their ring cleavage products and their behaviour towards a second mol of BX3 was studied. In this case, replacement of the ring-BR group occurs. In contrast, haloboranes react with the 2-(dimethylamino)diazaborolidine 5 with R2N-substituent exchange while diborane yields in the first instance the (dimethylamino)borane adduct 5a.
    Notes: Umsetzungen von Alkylhalogenboranen RnBX3 - n (n = 0 - 2) mit den 1,3-Dimethyl-1,3,2-diazaborolidinen 1 - 4 führen unabhängig vom Bor-Substituenten zu stabilen 1:1-Additionsverbindungen 1a - e, 2a, 3a - d, 4a, wobei die Koordination über ein N-Atom des Fünfrings erfolgt. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse des BCl3-Addukts 3a zeigt zwei enantiomere Formen in der asymmetrischen Einheit, “envelope”-Ringkonformation und eine starke π-Rückbindung des Ringbors zum nicht koordinierten Stickstoff. - Gleichgewichte der 1:1-Additionsverbindungen mit ihrem Ringöffnugsprodukt sowie ihr Verhalten gegenüber einem zweiten mol Lewis-Säure wurden untersucht. Hierbei wird die Ring-BR-Gruppe verdrängt. Im Gegensatz dazu tauscht das 2-(Dimethylamino)diazaborolidin 5 mit Halogenboranen den R2N-Substituenten aus, während die Umsetzung mit Diboran zunächst ein wenig stabiles (Dimethylamino)boran-Addukt 5a liefert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170719
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    Übergangsmetallketen-Verbindungen, XXII. Anionische η2-Ketenylkomplexe von Molybdän und Wolfram (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2527-2530 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Transition Metal Ketene Compounds, XXII. Anionic η2-Ketenyl Complexes of Molybdenum and TungstenAnionic η2-ketenyl complexes [NR4′]{η5-C5H5(CO) (CN)M[η2-O=C=C—R]} [M = molybdenum: 3a, b; M = tungsten: 4a - c] are formed by ligand substitution on neutral η2-ketenyl compounds as well as by reaction of dicarbonyl(η5-cyclopentadienyl)carbyne complexes with tetraalkylammonium cyanides.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170724
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    Aminyloxide (Nitroxide), XXXV. Das tricyclische Dimere eines Vinylaminyloxids (Vinylnitroxids) und seine Isomerisierung zu einem 2,4,7,9-Tetraoxa-5,10-diazatetracyclo[4.4.2.03,12. 08,11]dodecan (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2615-2621 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminyl Oxides (Nitroxides), XXXV. The Tricyclic Dimer of a Vinyl Aminyl Oxide (Vinyl Nitroxide) and its Isomerization to give a 2,4,7,9-Tetraoxa-5,10-diazatetracyclo[4.4.2.03,12.08,11]dodecaneVinyl aminyl oxide 6 is formed by oxidation of hydroxylamine 3 via the intermediates 4 and 5. Dimerization of 6 yields the tricyclic compound 8. In solution dissoziation of 8 occurs at approximately 40°C, four bonds being cleaved to afford radical 6. By prolonged heating in various solvents as well as by proton catalysis at room temperature 8 is rearranged to give the tetracyclic isomer 9, the structure of which has been confirmed by X-ray analysis.
    Notes: Das Vinylaminyloxid 6 entsteht bei der Oxidation des Hydroxylamins 3 über die Zwischenstufen 4 und 5. 6 dimerisiert unter Bildung der tricyclischen Verbindung 8. 8 dissoziiert in Lösung bereits bei etwa 40°C unter Spaltung von vier Bindungen in das Radikal 6. Durch längeres Erhitzen in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln, aber auch unter Protonenkatalyse bei Raumtemperatur, wird 8 in ein tetracyclisches Isomeres 9 umgewandelt. Die Struktur von 9 wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170806
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    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170101
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    3-Metallierte Enamine, X Erzeugung und Reaktivität von 1-(Diethoxyphosphoryl)-1-(dimethylamino)allyl-Anionen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1-22 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3-Metalated Enamines, X. Formation and Reactivity of 1-(Diethoxyphosphoryl)-1-(dimethylamino)allyl Anions1-Phosphorylenamines 8 and 10 react regio- and stereoselectively after deprotonation as anions 8A and 10A with silylating and alkylating reagents to give homologous (E)-1-phosphorylenamines 13, 15, 19 - 32. These can be hydrolyzed to give the corresponding carboxylic acids alkylated at C-3. Deprotonation of 10 occurs always on the methyl group cis to the phosphoryl group. The primarily formed anion isomerizes rapidly about the C-1 - C-2 bond. The highly regio- and stereoselective deprotonation allows the controlled introduction of up to three different alkyl groups. The results of NMR spectroscopic investigations of 8A and 10A are discussed.
    Notes: Die 1-Phosphorylenamine 8 und 10 reagieren nach Deprotonierung als Anion 8A und 10A regio-und stereoselektiv mit Silylierungs- und Alkylierungsmitteln zu homologen (E)-1-Phosphorylenaminen 13, 15, 19 - 32. Diese lassen sich zu den entsprechenden in 3-Stellung alkylierten Carbonsäuren hydrolysieren. Bei 10 erfolgt die Deprotonierung stets an der zur Phosphorylgruppe cis-ständigen Methylgruppe. Anschließend isomerisiert das primär gebildete Allyl-Anion rasch um die C-1 - C-2-Bindung. Diese hohe Regio- und Stereoselektivität der Deprotonierung gestattet die gezielte Einführung von bis zu drei verschiedenen Alkylgruppen. Die Ergebnisse der NMR-spektroskopischen Untersuchung von 8A und 10A werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170102
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    Chromoionophore, 5. Chromoionophore mit Azulen-;Einheiten als Farbträger und π-Donor-Baustein (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2839-2849 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chromoionophores, 51). Chromoionophores with Azulene Units as Chromophores and π-Donor ComponentsThe synthesis and spectroscopic investigation of a series of new chromoionophores with azulene as chromophore and of suitable reference compounds are described. Cations complexed by the ionophore influence the chromophore, causing downfield shifts in the 1H NMR spectra and ion-selective changes in the absorption spectra. It is concluded that the chromophore can interact with the cations via carboxylic oxygen atoms or directly via the π-electrons of the azulene unit. Crystalline complexes of the azulene ligands 6 and 7 with alkali and alkaline-earth metal salts are synthesized. The geometry of the 7 · KSCN complex is examined by X-ray structure analysis.
    Notes: Synthese und spektroskopische Untersuchung einer Reihe von neuen Chromoionophoren mit Azulen als Farbträger und von geeigneten Vergleichsverbindungen werden beschrieben. Die Beeinflussung des Chromophors durch im Ionophorteil komplexierte Kationen verursacht in Lösung 1H-NMR-Tieffeldverschiebungen und ionenselektive Veränderungen in den Elektronenspektren. Daraus wird gefolgert, daß der Chromophor über Carboxyl-Sauerstoffatome oder direkt über die π-Elektronen des Azulens mit den Kationen in Wechselwirkung treten. Kristalline Komplexe der Azulen-Liganden mit Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallsalzen werden hergestellt. Die Geometrie des 7 · KSCN-Komplexes wird durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170906
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    Umsetzungen von Dimethylhydrazonen ungesättigter Aldehyde mit elektrophilen Reagenzien (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2875-2885 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Unsaturated Aldehyde Dimethylhydrazones with Electrophilic ReagentsCrotonaldehyde dimethylhydrazone (1) is substituted at C-3 by electrophiles such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, arylsulfenyl chloride, phenylsulfinyl chloride, and nitronium tetrafluoroborate to form the products 10a  -  c, 18a, b, 25, and 26. In contrast, from 1 and p-nitrobenzoyl chloride the dienehydrazide 3 is obtained. Acrolein dimethylhydrazone reacts with diazoacetic ester to give the cyclopropane derivative 29. Isoxazole 32 is obtained from 28 and p-chlorobenzonitrile oxide.
    Notes: Crotonaldehyd-dimethylhydrazon (1) wird durch elektrophile Reagenzien wie Chlor, Brom, Iod, N-Chlorsuccinimid, Arylsulfenylchlorid, Phenylsulfinylchlorid oder Nitryl-tetrafluoroborat and C-3 unter Bildung der Produkte 10a  -  c, 18a, b, 25 und 26 substituiert. Bei Einwirkung von p-Nitrobenzoylchlorid auf 1 erhält man dagegen das Dienhydrazid 3. Acrolein-dimethylhydrazon (28) reagiert mit Diazoessigester zum Cyclopropanderivat 29, mit p-Chlorbenzonitriloxid zum Isoxazolin 32.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170909
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    Teilsubstituierte Tetrazene (Me3E)nN4H4 - n (E = Si, Ge, Sn): Darstellung, Charakterisierung und Thermolyse (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2886-2899 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Partially Substituted Tetrazenes (Me3E)nN4H4 - n (E = Si, Ge, Sn): Preparation, Characterization, and Thermolysis1)Partially substituted tetrazenes (Me3E)nN4H4 - n (E = Si, Ge, Sn) can be prepared by protolysis of higher substituted tetrazenes (Me3E)oN4H4 - o (O 〉 n) or by silylation, germylation, or stannylation of lower substituted tetrazenes (Me3E)mN4H4 - m (m 〈 n). The obtained tetrazenes (Tab. 1) are colorless compounds; they have 2-tetrazene constitution, and trans-tetrazene configuration. The tetrazene (Me3Si)2N  -  N = N  -  NHX (X = H or GeMe3) isomerize by heating in dilute solution into (Me3Si)XN  -  N = N  -  NH(SiMe3). The thermolysis of (Me3Si)2N  -  N = N  -  NH(SiMe3) leads mainly to Me3SiN3 and (Me3Si)2NH (t140°C1/2140°C = 3/4 h), of (Me3Si)2N  -  N = NH2 to Me3SiN3 and Me3SiNH2 (concentrated solution; t140°C1/240°C ca. 1/4 h), and of (Me3Si)HN  -  N = N  -  NH(SiMe3) to N2 and (Me3Si)2N  -  NH2 (dilute solution; t140°C1/2140°C 〉 1 h) or to NH3 and (Me3Si)2NH (concentrated solution; t140°C1/2 〈 1 h).
    Notes: Teilsubstituierte Tetrazene (Me3E)nN4H4 - n (E = Si, Ge, Sn) können durch Protolyse höher substituierter Tetrazene (Me3E)oN4H4 - o (O 〉 n) oder durch Silylierung, Germylierung bzw. Stannylierung niedriger substituierter Tetrazene (Me3E)mN4H4 - m (m 〈 n) dargestellt werden. Die gewonnenen Tetrazene (Tab 1) sind farblose Verbindungen: sie haben 2-Tetrazen-Konstitution und trans-Tetrazen-Konfiguration. Die Tetrazene (Me3Si)2N  -  N = N  -  NHX (X = H oder GeMe3) isomerisieren sich in verdünnter Lösung beim Erhitzen in (Me3Si)XN  -  N = N  -  NH(SiMe3). Die Haupttermolyse von (Me3Si)2N  -  N = N  -  NH(SiMe3) führt zu Me3SiN3 und (Me3Si)2NH (t140°C1/2140°C = 3/4 h), von (Me3Si)2 (Me3Si)2N  -  N = NH2 zu Me3SiN3 und Me3SiNH2 (konzentrierte Lösung; t140°C1/240°C ca. 1/4 h) und von (Me3Si)HN  -  N = N  -  NH(SiMe3) zu N2 und (Me3Si)2N  -  NH2 (verdünnte Lösung; t140°C1/2140°C 〉 1 h) oder zu NH3t140°C und (Me3Si)2NH (Konzentrierte Lösung; t140°C1/2140°C 〈 1 h).
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170910
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    Konfigurationszuordnung bei größeren Bicyclo[n.1.0]alkylaminen: Der Hexahydro-1-azepinyl-Rest als „Stereoindikator“ (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2900-2909 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Assignment of Configuration of Larger Bicyclo[n.1.0]alkyl Amines: The Hexahydro-1-azepinyl Residue as „Stereo Indicator“The temperature dependency of the 1H NMR spectra of the hexahydro-1-azepinylbicyclo[9.1.0]-dodecanes 3a  -  f is investigated. The ΔG≠-values of the hexahydroazepine dynamics permit an easy assignment of the endo-amino configuration in 3a  -  f. Starting from 3a, which is synthesized via the enaminosulfonium salt 7, the derivatives 3b  -  f are obtained by nucleophilic substitutions. Normally the cis-configuration of the bicyclo system is not changed during these reactions. However, reaction of the cis-compound 3a with hexahydroazepine leads either to a cis-aminal 3e or to a trans-aminal 4e depending on the conditions of the reaction.
    Notes: Die aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der 1H-NMR-Spektren der Hexahydro-1-azepinylbicyclo [9.1.0]dodecan-Derivate 3a  -  f ermittelten ΔG≠-Werte der Hexahydroazepinyl-Dynamik ermöglichen eine einfache Festlegung der endo-Amino-Konfiguration. Die Verbindungen 3b  -  f werden aus 3a über eine Folge nucleophiler Substitutionen erhalten; 3a ist über das Enaminsulfonium-Salz 7 zugänglich. Normalerweise bleibt die cis-Konfiguration des Bicyclosystems bei den Substitutionen erhalten. Jedoch führt die Umsetzung der cis-Verbindung 3a mit Hexahydroazepin  -  abhängig von den Reaktionsbedingungen  -  zu einem cis-Aminal 3e oder einem trans-Aminal 4e.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170911
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    Reaktionen mit Aminobicyclo[n.1.0]alkanen, I. Thermolyse von Aminobicyclo[n.1.0]alkanen mit einem Dimedonrest (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2910-2927 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions with Aminobicyclo[n.1.0]alkanes, I Thermolysis of Aminobicyclo[n.1.0]alkanes with a Dimedone MoietyFrom the bicyclic aminals 4 and dimedone (5) derivatives 6 are obtained, which give different types of products upon thermolysis depending on the ring size of the bicyclus. The bicycloheptane and -octane compounds 6b, c lead to diacylated enamines 8b, c by protonation of the cyclo-propane ring. Contrarily, an elimination of morpholine takes place in 6a, d, e containing a bicyclohexane, -undecane, or -dodecane ring. There are formed derivatives with an exo-methylenefuran unit, which has a Z-configuration in 17a and an E-configuration in 16d, e. 16e the product of a kinetically controlled reaction, rearranges via the Z-isomer 17e to give the furan 18e by heating in morpholine. A methylenebicyclo[n.1.0]alkane 14 is discussed to be an intermediate in the formation of 16d, e and 17a, respectively.
    Notes: Aus den bicyclischen Aminalen 4, und Dimedon (5) werden Derivate 6 erhalten, die in Abhängigkeit von der Ringgröße des Bicyclus unterschiedliche Thermolyseprodukte ergeben. Die Bicycloheptan- und -octanverbindungen 6b, c, führen unter Protonierung des Cyclopropanrings zu Diacylenaminen 8b, c. Eine Eliminierung von Morpholin wird dagegen bei 6a, d, e mit einem Bicyclohexan-, -undecan- bzw. -dodecan-Ring beobachtet. Dabei entstehen Verbindungen mit einem exo-Methylenfuran-Strukturelement, das bei 17a in der Z- und bei 16d, e in der E-Konfiguration vorliegt. 16e, das kinetisch kontrollierte Reaktionsprodukt, kann durch Erhitzen in Morpholin über das Z-Isomere 17e zum Furan 18e umgelagert werden. Die Beteiligung einer Methylenbicyclo-[n.1.0]alkan-Zwischenstufe 14 beim Entstehen von 16d, e bzw. 17a wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170912
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    Radikalionen, 55. Die Einelektronen-Oxidation von Tetrahedran zum Cyclobutadien-Radikalkation (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 172-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Radical Ions, 55. The One-Electron Oxidation of Tetrahedrane to Cyclobutadiene Radical CationTetra-tert-butyltetrahedrane, on one-electron oxidation using AlCl3 in CH2Cl2, opens to form tetra-tert-butylcyclobutadiene radical cation, which can also be generated under identical reaction conditions from tetra-tert-butylcyclobutadiene itself. The assignments of the ESR and ENDOR spectra are supported by deutero substitution of one tert-butyl group and by MNDO hypersurfaces for the thermal and for the oxidative structural changes of both C4 skeletons. The feasible formation of a valence isomeric tert-butyl(tri-tert-butylcyclopropenyl)carbene radical cation is discussed.
    Notes: Tetra-tert-butyltetrahedran öffnet sich bei Einelektronen-Oxidation mit AlCl3 in CH2Cl2 zum Tetra-tert-butylcyclobutadien-Radikalkation, das unter gleichen Reaktionsbedingungen auch aus Tetra-tert-butylcyclobutadien erzeugt werden kann. Die Zuordnungen der ESR- und ENDOR-Spektren werden durch Deutero-Substitution einer tert-Butyl-Gruppe sowie durch MNDO-Hyperflächen für die thermischen und oxidativen Strukturänderungen der beiden C4-Gerüste gestützt. Die mögliche Bildung eines valenzisomeren tert-Butyl(tri-tert-butylcyclopropenyl)carben-Radikalkations wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170114
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    Synthese und dynamisches Verhalten von Pentamethyl-cyclopentadienylphosphanen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 222-233 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Dynamic Behaviour of PentamethylcyclopentadienylphosphanesBy reaction of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl(Me5cp)-lithium with halogenophosphanes the Me5cp-phosphanes 1 - 5, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, and 19 - 24 are synthesized. Substitution reactions with the Me5cp-halogenophosphanes 7 and 14 lead to the Me5cp-phosphanes 6, 9, 10, 13, and 16 - 18. These molecules posses a fluxional structure owing to 1,5-sigmatropic rearrangements of the particular phosphorus group. It is demonstrated by 1H dnmr investigations and lineshape analyses, that the ligands at phosphorus influence drastically the speed of these rearrangements (activation energies between 5 and 31 kcal/mol).
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl(Me5cp)-lithium mit Halogenphosphanen werden die Me5cp-Phosphane 1 - 5, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15 und 19 - 24 hergestellt. Substitutionsreaktionen an den Me5cp-Halogenphosphanen 7 und 14 führen zu den Me5cp-Phosphanen 6, 9, 10, 13 und 16 - 18. Diese Moleküle besitzen eine fluktuierende Struktur aufgrund von 1,5-sigmatropen Umlagerungen der jeweiligen Phosphorgruppierung. Durch 1H-NMR-Untersuchungen und Linienformanalysen wird gezeigt, daß die phosphorständigen Liganden die Geschwindigkeit dieser Umlagerungen drastisch beeinflussen (Aktivierungsenergien zwischen 5 und 31 kcal/mol).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170117
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    Polyspirane, 7. Umlagerungskaskaden, 2: Von Polyspiranen zu Polycyclen - Sechsfache 1,2-Verschiebungen an funktionalisierten Pentaspiro[2.0.2.0.2.0.2.0.2.1]hexadecanen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 203-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polyspiranes, 7. Cascade Rearrangements, 2: From Polyspiranes to Polycycles - Sixfold 1,2-Shifts in Functionalized Pentaspiro[2.0.2.0.2.0.2.0.2.1]hexadecanesThe pentaspirohexadecanes 3a, b may be rearranged to 8a, b via 7a, b, which are potential precursors of the [6.4]coronane 1. 7a and 8a were benzoylated to give 7d and 8e, respectively, the molecular structures of which were determined by X-ray analysis. 7a, b and 8a, b adopt the all-cis-configuration. 7a and 7b contain axial hydroxyl groups. The overall rearrangements of 3a, b may thus be described in terms of sixfold 1,2-shifts with inversion at both the migration origins and termini.
    Notes: Die Pentaspirohexadecane 3a, b können über 7a, b in 8a, b umgelagert werden. 7a, b sind potentielle Vorläufer des [6.4]Coronans 1. 7a und 8a wurden zu 7d bzw. 8e benzoyliert, die Molekülstrukturen von 7d und 8e röntgenographisch bestimmt. 7a, b und 8a, b sind all-cis-konfiguriert, 7a und 7b enthalten die Hydroxylgruppe axial gebunden. Die Gesamtumlagerungen von 3a, b können demnach als sechsfache 1,2-Verschiebungen unter Inversion am jeweiligen Ausgangs- und Endpunkt der Umlagerung beschrieben werden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170116
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    Gasphasen-Reaktionen, 40. Selenoformaldehyd: hochkorrelierte Wellenfunktion und photoelektronenspektroskopischer Nachweis (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 187-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Gas Phase Reactions, 40. Selenoformaldehyde: Highly Correlated Wave Function and Photoelectron Spectroscopic EvidenceA systematic search for the unknown molecule selenoformaldehyde, H2C = Se, starts with the precalculation of its ionization pattern from ab-initio-PNO-CI and CEPA wave functions. The selenium precursors H3CSeSeCH3, H3CSeCN, H3CSeCl, and (H2CSe)3 are pyrolyzed in a flow system under PE spectroscopic real-time analysis: Applying “computerized spectra stripping” to the PE spectra of the pyrolysis mixtures, an ionization pattern can be extracted which correlates satisfactorily with the quantum chemical prediction for H2C = Se. To further support the assignment, selenoacetaldehyde, CH3CH = Se, and selenocarbonyl difluoride, F2C = Se, are prepared by thermal monomerization of ((H3C)HCSe)3 and (F2CSe)2, respectively.
    Notes: Nach dem unbekannten Molekül Selenoformaldehyd, H2C = Se, wird systematisch gesucht, beginnend mit der Vorausberechnung seines Ionisationsmusters aus ab-initio-PNO-CI-und CEPA-Wellenfunktionen. Als Selen-Ausgangsverbindungen werden H3CSeSeCH3, H3CSeCN, H3CSeCl und (H2CSe)3 im Gasstrom unter PE-spektroskopischer Echtzeit-Analytik pyrolysiert: Aus den Pyrolysegemisch-Spektren läßt sich durch Spektren-Subtraktion mit Hilfe eines Rechners ein Ionisationsmuster herausschälen, das mit der quantenchemischen Voraussage für H2C = Se zufriedenstellend korreliert. Zur weiteren Stützung der Spektrenzuordnung werden Selenoacetaldehyd, CH3CH = Se, und Selenocarbonyldifluorid, F2C = Se, durch thermische Monomerisierung von ((H3C)HCSe)3 und (F2CSe)2 dargestellt.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170115
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    Na⊕-Komplexierung mit neuen vielzähnigen Polyetherliganden - Rasche Abschätzung der Komplexstabilitäten durch 23Na-NMR-Spektroskopie (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 234-245 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Na⊕ Complexation of New Multidentate Polyether Ligands - Rapid Estimation of Complexation Constants by 23Na NMR SpectroscopyA new 23Na NMR method for fast and simple estimation of Na⊕ complex stabilities is reported and applied to various polyether ligands. Syntheses of the new coronands and podands amongst the employed substrates are given.
    Notes: Eine neue 23Na-NMR-Methode zur raschen und zuverlässigen Abschätzung der Komplexstabilitäten für Na⊕ wird beschrieben und an Polyetherliganden unterschiedlicher Struktur erprobt. Synthesen von neuen Kronenverbindungen und Podanden, die als Meßliganden dienen, werden mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170118
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    Sterisch gehinderte Alkene, IV. Darstellung einiger Octamethylcycloalkylidencycloalkane und verwandter Verbindungen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 277-309 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sterically Hindered Alkenes, IV. Preparation of Some Octamethylcycloalkylidenecycloalkanes and Related CompoundsSixteen “tied back” derivatives of tetra-tert-butylethene of type 4 were prepared via the thiadiazoline and selenadiazoline routes, resp. Strain in 4 increases with increasing number of ring members. The compounds 4m, n, p, and q represent the alkenes of highest fragmentation strain prepared so far, and the limit for the utility of the present synthetic methods. The causes for the failure of these methods in the synthesis of yet more highly strained alkenes are discussed.
    Notes: Mit Hilfe der Thiadiazolin- und Selenadiazolin-Methode wurden 16 neue überbrückte Derivate des Tetra-tert-butylethens vom Typ 4 dargestellt. Mit wachsender Ringgliederzahl nimmt die Spannung in 4 zu. Die Grenzen der erwähnten Synthesewege liegen für die Alkene bei 4m, n, p und q; sie stellen die Alkene höchster Fragmentierungsspannung dar, die bisher isoliert wurden. Die Ursachen für das Versagen dieser Methoden bei der Synthese sterisch noch stärker gehinderter Alkene werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170121
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    Photochemische Reaktionen von Übergangsmetall-Olefin-Komplexen, 8. Photochemische Addition 6-substituierter Pentafulvene an Tricarbonyl(η6-8,8-dimethylheptafulven)chrom(0) (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 344-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemical Reactions of Transition Metal Olefin Complexes, 8. Photochemical Addition of 6-Substituted Pentafulvenes to Tricarbonyl(η6-8,8-dimethylheptafulvene)chromium(0)Under photochemical conditions 6-substituted pentafulvenes (2a - d) displace one CO ligand from tricarbonyl(η6-8,8-dimethylheptafulvene)chromium(0) (1) with formation of a C - C bond between C-6 of a fulvene and C-1 of the heptafulvene ligand leading to substituted dicarbonyl-[η5:3-(cyclopentadienediyl)(isopropylidenecycloheptadienediyl)methane]chromium complexes (3a - 5c). In all cases two diastereomeric complexes are formed, which are separated by column chromatography. They differ in the location of the η3-enyl systems. In 3a, d the enyl system encompasses C-1′ to C-3′, in 4a, b, d C-1′, C-7′, and C-8′, and in 5b, c C-3′ to C-5′ in the isopropylidenecycloheptadienediyl residue. The structures of the complexes 3a - 5c were derived from the spectra.
    Notes: 6-Substituierte Pentafulvene (2a - d) verdrängen unter photochemischen Bedingungen aus Tricarbonyl(η6-8,8-dimethylheptafulven)chrom(0) (1) einen CO-Liganden unter Ausbildung einer C - C-Bindung zwischen C-6 eines Fulvens und C-1 des Heptafulven-Liganden. Es resultieren substituierte Dicarbonyl[η5:3-(cyclopentadiendiyl)(isopropylidencycloheptadiendiyl)methan]-chrom-Komplexe (3a - 5c), und zwar stets in zwei Diastereomeren, die sich säulenchromatographische trennen lassen. Sie unterscheiden sich in der Stellung des η3-Enyl-Systems. In 3a, d umfaßt das Enyl-System C-1′ bis C-3′, in 4a, b, d C-1′, C-7′ und C-8′ und in 5b, c C-3′ bis C-5′ im Isopropylidencycloheptadiendiyl-Rest. Die Konstitutionsformeln von 3a - 5c wurden spektroskopisch abgeleitet.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170125
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    Zum Mechanismus der thermischen Umlagerung von Bicyclo[2.2.0]hexan: Dispiro[cyclopropan-1,2′-bicyclo[2.2.0]-hexan-3′,1′′-cyclopropan] und analog substituierte Derivate als neue Modellverbindungen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3134-3150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Mechanism of the Thermal Rearrangement of Bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane: Dispiro[cyclopropane-1,2′-bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane-3′,1′′-cyclopropane] and Analogously Substituted Derivatives as New Model CompoundsUpon thermolysis the 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-enes 10a-c yield only the thermodynamically more stable 1,5-hexadienes, namely 11, 13, and 15, respectively. Upon photolysis, however, remarkable proportions of the new bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane derivatives 2 (66%), 4 (29%), and 3 (58%), respectively, are formed besides the hexadienes; the by-product (2%) from 10a most probably is the hexalin 12, as it would arise from an intermediate diradical by neighboring group participation of both three-membered rings. The thermolyses of 2, 3, and 4 follow first order rate laws and yield 11, 13, and 15. According to the kinetic data, which best fit a two-step mechanism, the diradical from 2 is stabilized purely electronically by 25.8 kJ/mol with respect to the diradical from 4.
    Notes: Die 2,3-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene 10a-c ergeben bei der Thermolyse nur das jeweils thermodynamisch stabilere 1,5-Hexadien, nämlich 11, 13 bzw. 15. Bei der Photolyse entstehen daneben in beachtlichen Anteilen von 66, 29 und 58% die neuen Bicyclo[2.2.0]hexan-Derivate 2, 4 bzw. 3; dem Nebenprodukt (2%) aus 10a kommt höchstwahrscheinlich die Konstitution des Hexalins 12 zu, wie es aus einem intermediären Diradikal durch Nachbargruppenbeteiligung der beiden Dreiringe entstehen müßte. Die Thermolyse von 2, 3 und 4 folgt Zeitgesetzen 1. Ordnung und führt zu 11, 13 und 15. Nach den kinetischen Daten, die am besten mit einem zweistufigen Verlauf zu vereinbaren sind, ist das 1,4-Diradikal aus 2 gegenüber dem aus 4 rein elektronisch um 25.8 kJ/mol stabilisiert.
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    Metall-π-Komplexe von Benzolderivaten, XXIV1). 1H-NMR-Koordinationsverschiebung und Ringstromschwächung bei Sandwichkomplexen, studiert am Beispiel Bis(η6-[10]paracyclophan)chrom(0) (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3165-3168 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Metal π-Complexes of Benzene Derivatives, XXIV1). 1H NMR Coordination Shift and Ring Current Quenching in Sandwich Complexes as Studied for Bis(η6-[10]paracyclophane)chromium(0)The title compound was prepared by means of metal atom-ligand vapor cocondensation. Its most conspicuous feature, the well defined disposition of 20 methylene groups in the periphery of the title complex is employed to gauge via 1H NMR the coordination induced quenching of the aromatic ring current in arenes.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171016
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    (η3-Cycloalkenyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)nickel-Komplexe (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 376-382 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: (η3-Cycloalkenyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)nickel ComplexesReaction of nickelocene (1) with isopropylmagnesium chloride (2) and the five- to eight-membered 1,3-cycloalkdienes 3 - 6 leads to the (η3-cycloalkenyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)nickel complexes 7 - 10. Mechanistic investigations of the reaction involving 1,4-cyclohexadiene (11) indicates that the homolytic cleavage of the Ni - C bond in an initially formed (η3-3-cycloalkenyl)-nickel complex occurs faster than isomerization, via β-elimination, to the η3-cycloalkenyl form.
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von Nickelocen (1) mit Isopropylmagnesiumchlorid (2) und den fünf- bis achtgliedrigen 1,3-Cycloalkadienen 3 - 6 werden die (η3-Cycloalkenyl)(η5-cyclopentadienyl)nickel-Komplexe 7 - 10 erhalten. Aus mechanistischen Untersuchungen mit 1,4-Cyclohexadien (11) folgt, daß die homolytische Spaltung der Ni - C-Bindung in primär gebildeten (η1-3-Cycloalkenyl)nickel-Komplexen rascher als deren Isomerisierung über β-H-Eliminierung zu den η5-Cycloalkenyl-Formen sein muß.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170128
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    Addition von Organomagnesiumhalogeniden an C = C-Bindungen, XVII. Reaktionen von Organomagnesiumhalogeniden mit (Trimethylsilyl)ethylen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 383-388 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Addition of Organomagnesium Halides to C = C Bonds, XVII. Reactions of Organomagnesium Halides with (Trimethylsilyl)ethyleneEthyl- (2), isopropyl- (3), and the 2-alkenylmagnesium halides 4 and 15 add with 〉 95% regioselectivity to the C = C bond of (trimethylsilyl)ethylene (1) to give the 1:1 adducts 5 - 7 and 16 which upon hydrolysis are converted into the (trimethylsilyl)hydrocarbons 8 - 10 and 17. In the case of 15, addition is accompanied by inversion of the 2-butenyl to the 1-methylallyl group to give 16.
    Notes: Ethyl- (2), Isopropyl- (3) und die 2-Alkenylmagnesiumhalogenide 4 und 15 addieren sich zu 〉 95% regioselektive an die C = C-Bindung in (Trimethylsilyl)ethylen (1) zu den 1:1-Addukten 5 - 7 und 16, aus denen durch Hydrolyse die (Trimethylsilyl)kohlenwasserstoffe 8 - 10 und 17 erhalten werden. Bei 15 erfolgt bei der Addition Inversion des 2-Butenyl- zum 1-Methylallyl-Rest unter Bildung von 16.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170129
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    Untersuchungen an Diazoverbindungen und Aziden, XLIII1). 1,2-Dewarpyridazine - Vorstufen zur Erzeugung von Azacyclobutadienen? (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 445-454 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on Diazo Compounds and Azides, XLIII1). 1,2-Dewarpyridazines - Suitable Precursors for the Generation of Azacyclobutadienes?Heating of the (diazomethyl)cyclopropenes 9b and c yields the pyridazines 10b and c as main products. The formation of the carbenes 11b and c, which decompose into the acetylenes 12 and 13, competes with the isomerization reaction. The pyridazine 10d is obtained immediately by electrophilic diazoalkane substitution of 6 with the cyclopropenylium salt 8; 9d can be established as intermediate by IR spectroscopy. The irradiation of the pyridazines 10a - d (10a is described in literature) leads to the stable 1,2-Dewarpyridazines 15a - d. The flash pyrolysis of 15b, conducted exemplarily, affords the fragment pairs 16 and 13b as well as 12 and 20. Their formation is in agreement with the intermediacy of the valence tautomeric azacyclobutadienes 17 ⇄ 18.
    Notes: Erhitzen der (Diazomethyl)cyclopropene 9b und c liefert die Pyridazine 10b und c als Hauptprodukte. Mit der Isomerisierungsreaktion konkurriert die Bildung der Carbene 11b und c, die in die Acetylene 12 und 13 zerfallen. Das Pyridazin 10d wird unmittelbar durch elektrophile Diazoalkansubstitution von 6 mit dem Cyclopropenyliumsalz 8 erhalten; 9d kann IR-spektroskopisch als Zwischenstufe nachgewiesen werden. Die Bestrahlung der Pyridazine 10a - d (10a ist literaturbekannt) führt in guten Ausbeuten zu den stabilen, 1,2-Dewarpyridazinen 15a - d. Die für 15b beispielhaft ausgeführte Blitzpyrolyse, liefert die Fragmentpaare 16 und 13b sowie 12 und 20. Deren Bildung legt das intermediäre Auftreten der valenztautomeren Azacyclobutadiene 17 ⇄ 18 nahe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170204
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    Syntheses of Metal Carbonyls, XVI1). Metal-Metal Multiple Bonds: Synthesis, Crystal and Molecular Structure of Tri-μ-carbonyl-bis[(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)manganese](Mn ≡ Mn) - The First Manganese-Manganese Triple Bond (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 434-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metallcarbonyl-Synthesen, XVI1). Metall-Metall-Mehrfachbindungen: Synthese, Molekül- und Kristallstruktur von Tri-μ-carbonylbis([η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)mangan](Mn ≡ Mn) - die erste Mangan-Mangan-DreifachbindungPhotolyse des Halbsandwich-Mangan-Komplexes (η5-C5Me5)Mn(CO)3 (1) in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) führt ohne Nebenreaktionen zum Solvenskomplex (η5-C5Me5)Mn(CO)2(THF) (2). Dieser ist im festen Zustand im deutlich unter 0°C liegenden Temperaturbereich haltbar, erleidet aber spontane CO-Eliminierung bei Raumtemperatur; dabei bildet sich der neue Zweikernkomplex (η5-C5Me5)2Mn2(μ-CO)3 (3). Während Elementaranalyse, Infrarot- und Massenspektren sowie die 1H- und 13C-NMR-Spektren dieser Verbindung eine hochsymmetrische dreifach Carbonylverbrückte Struktur zuweisen, stützt eine Einkristall-Röntgenstrukturanalyse das Vorliegen der ersten bisher bekannten Mangan-Mangan-Dreifachbindung (dMn - Mn 217.0(1) pm). Eine verbesserte Darstellung von Tricarbonyl(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)mangan (1) wird beschrieben.
    Notes: Photolysis of the manganese half-sandwich complex (η5-C5Me5)Mn(CO)3 (1) in tetrahydrofuran (thf) cleanly yields the solvent complex (η5-C5Me5)Mn(CO)2(thf) (2). Compound 2 is stable as solid at temperatures well below 0°C but undergoes spontaneous elimination of carbon monoxide at ambient temperature with concomitant formation of the novel dinuclear complex (η5-C5Me5)2-Mn2(μ-CO)3 (3). While elemental analysis, infrared and mass spectroscopy as well as the 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra unequivocally demonstrate this compound to adopt a highly symmetrical triply carbonyl-bridged structure, a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study supports the presence of the first triple bond between manganese atoms (dMn - Mn 217.0(1) pm). An improved synthesis of tricarbonyl(η5-pentamethylclopentadienyl)manganese (1) is also described.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170203
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    Eine oxidative Etherspaltung mit p-Nitroperbenzoesäure (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3297-3302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: An Oxidative Ether Cleavage with p-Nitroperbenzoic AcidThe reaction of p-nitroperbenzoic acid in chloroform with alkyl ethers (1a, 2a) leads by selective attack at C-H bonds in α-position to the ether oxygen to hemiacetals, which decompose to aldehydes and alcohols, yielding carboxylic acids. Secondary alkoxy groups as in 3a, 4a furnish Baeyer-Villiger oxidation products of initially formed ketones. Kinetic measurements with substituted benzyl methyl ethers show a Hammett reaction constant ρ = -0.9, which is in accordance with the observed relatively small discrimination between secondary and tertiary C-H bonds. The results are compared with similar hydroxylations of alkanes and with monooxygenase reactions and point to oxenoid transition states. Radical reactions as found with some alkanes are not observed, which is shown by the small amounts of nitrobenzene (≤10%) formed during the reaction. 13C-NMR shifts of several ethers and oxidation products are reported.
    Notes: p-Nitroperbenzoesäure reagiert mit Alkylethern (1a, 2a) in Chloroform selektiv an einer C-H-Bindung in α-Position zum Ethersauerstoff zu Halbacetalen, die in Aldehyde und Alkohole zerfallen. Diese ergeben dabei Carbonsäuren. Bei 3a, 4a mit sekundären Alkoxyresten entstehen über Ketone Folgeprodukte der Baeyer-Villiger-Oxidation. Kinetische Messungen mit substituierten Benzylmethylethern ergeben eine Hammett-Reaktionskonstante ρ = -0.9, welche in Einklang mit der beobachteten relativ geringen Differenzierung zwischen Angriff an sekundären und tertiären C-H-Bindungen steht. Die Ergebnisse werden mit entsprechenden Hydroxylierungen von Alkanen sowie mit Monooxygenasen-Reaktionen verglichen und sprechen für oxenoide Übergangszustände. Radikalisch verlaufende Reaktionen wie bei einigen Alkanen werden kaum beobachtet, wie die geringfügige Bildung von Nitrobenzol (≤10%) zeigt. 13C-NMR-Verschiebungen von verschiedenen Ethern und Oxidationsprodukten werden angegeben.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171114
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    Thermolabile Kohlenwasserstoffe, XXV1). Zusammenhänge zwischen thermischer Stabilität, Spannung und Struktur von 1,1′-Diphenyl-1,1′-bicycloalkylen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3303-3319 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermolabile Hydrocarbons, XXV1). Relationships between Thermal Stability, Strain, and Structure of 1,1′-Diphenyl-1,1′-bicycloalkylsThe products and activation parameters of the thermolysis reaction of the title hydrocarbons 1a (n = 4-8) and 1b (n = 12) were determined. Strain enthalpies and structural data of the compounds 1a and of the radicals 2a, which are generated on thermolysis, were obtained from force field calculations. For 1a (n = 8) a crystal structure analysis was carried out.  -  The importance of i-strain action is estimated from the relationship between ΔG≠ of the thermolysis reaction and the strain enthalpy of 1 from which the ring strain of the corresponding cycloalkane was substracted as a correction factor. In addition, a linear correlation between ΔG≠ and the change in strain enthalpy (MM2 results) in the course of the dissociation process was found. The large variation in ΔS≠ can be rationalized by consideration of the change in internal mobility (MM2 results) during the dissociation process.
    Notes: Die Produkte und Aktivierungsparameter der Thermolyse der Kohlenwasserstoffe 1a (n = 4-8) und 1b (n = 12) wurden bestimmt. Die Spannungsenthalpien und Strukturdaten der Verbindungen 1a und der beim thermischen Zerfall entstehenden Radikale 2a wurden durch Kraftfeldberechnungen ermittelt. Für 1a (n = 8) wurde eine Kristallstrukturanalyse durchgeführt.  -  Die Beziehungen zwischen ΔG≠ der Thermolyse und den um die Ringspannung korrigierten Spannungsenthalpien gestatten eine quantitative Analyse der i-strain-Wirkung. Außerdem wird eine lineare Korrelation zwischen ΔG≠ und der Änderung an Spannungsenthalpie im Dissoziationsprozess nach Kraftfeldrechnungen aufgezeigt. Stark unterschiedliche Aktivierungsentropien werden durch die Änderung der inneren Beweglichkeit im Zuge des Dissoziationsprozesses, die aus Kraftfeldrechnungen abschätzbar ist, verständlich.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171115
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    Masthead (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171201
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    2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3325-3329 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-methylenbicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-enDie sterisch anspruchsvolle Titelverbindung 1 wurde in einer Eintopfreaktion aus Cyclopentadien und 2,4-Dimethyl-3-[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]-3-penten-2-ol (5) in Gegenwart von Titantetrachlorid/N-Methylanilin hergestellt. 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylbicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-on (4) wurde vereinfacht im 15-g-Maßstab dargestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171117
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    Übergangsmetallkomplexe instabiler Ylide, IV. Neuartige ylidische Chelatliganden mit der Atomsequenz CPNP in Tetracarbonylchrom-Komplexen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3331-3339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transition Metal Complexes of Instable Ylides, IV1). Novel Ylidic Chelate Ligands with the Sequence CPNP as Structural Moiety in Tetracarbonylchromium ComplexesThe sulfur ylide complex (CO)5Cr[CH2S(O)Me2] (1) reacts with iminobis(phosphanes) 3a, b to yield five-membered metallacycles 4a, b, in which the novel ylides H2C=PPh2-NR-PPh2 are incorporated as chelate ligands. The reaction of (CO)4Cr[CH2S(O)Me2]2 (5) with (Ph2P)2NH (3d) leads to salt-like 7, which can be protonated and methylated at the nitrogen atom.
    Notes: Der Schwefelylid-Komplex (CO)5Cr[CH2S(O)Me2] (1) reagiert mit den Iminobis(phosphanen) 3a, b zu den fünfgliedrigen Metallacyclen 4a, b, welche die neuartigen Ylide H2C=PPh2-NR-PPh2 als Chelatliganden tragen. Die Umsetzung von (CO)4Cr[CH2S(O)Me2]2 (5) mit (Ph2P)2NH (3d) führt zum salzartigen Komplex 7, der sich am Stickstoffatom protonieren wie auch methylieren läßt.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171202
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    Kinetische und mechanistische Untersuchungen von Übergangsmetall-Komplex-Reaktionen, XV. Übergangsmetall-Schwefelylid-Komplexe, XX. Reaktionskinetischer Nachweis von [(CO)5Cr=CH2] bei der Umsetzung von Pentacarbonyl[(dimethyloxosulfonio)methanid]-chrom(0) mit tertiären Phosphanen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3340-3347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Kinetic and Mechanistic Investigations of Transition Metal Complex Reactions, XV1). Transition Metal Sulfur Ylide Complexes, XX2). Kinetic Evidence of [(CO)5Cr=CH2] in the Reaction of Pentacarbonyl[(dimethyloxosulfonio)-methanide]chromium(0) with Tertiary PhosphanesPentacarbonyl[(dimethyloxosulfonio)methanide]chromium(0), (CO)5Cr[CH2S(O)Me2] (1), reacts with tertiary phosphanes PR3 (2) (R = Ph, C6H4OMe-(p), C6H4Me-(p), C6H4Cl-(p)) to give pentacarbonyl(phosphonium ylide)chromium(0) complexes, (CO)5Cr[CH2PR3] (3), and dimethyl sulfoxide according to the first-order rate law. The reaction rate is independent on the type of the phosphane. The activation parameters for the reaction in 1,1,2-trichloroethane in the temperature range 39.6 to 68.0°C are ΔH≠ = 28.1 kcal · mol-1 and ΔS≠ = 12.7 cal · mol-1 · K-1. The reaction is initiated by irreversible dissociation of OSMe2 from 1. Addition of 2 to the carbene carbon of the resulting pentacarbonylmethylenechromium, [(CO)5Cr=CH2], yields 3 in a fast succeeding step. A mechanism involving rate determining dissociation of the Cr=CH2 bond can be excluded. These results represent the first evidence of a neutral, electrophilic carbonylmethylene complex.
    Notes: Pentacarbonyl[(dimethyloxosulfonio)methanid]chrom(0), (CO)5Cr[CH2S(O)Me2] (1), reagiert mit tertiären Phosphanen PR3 (2) (R = Ph, C6H4OMe-(p), C6H4Me-(p), C6H4Cl-(p)) nach dem Geschwindigkeitsgesetz erster Ordnung zu Pentacarbonyl(phosphorylid)chrom(0)-Komplexen, (CO)5Cr[CH2PR3] (3), und Dimethylsulfoxid. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit ist von der Art des Phosphans unabhängig. Die Aktivierungsparameter für die Reaktion in 1,1,2-Trichlorethan im Temperaturbereich von 39.6-68.0°C sind ΔH≠ = 28.1 kcal · mol-1 und ΔS≠ = 12.7 cal · mol-1. K-1. Die Reaktion wird durch irreversible Dissoziation von OSMe2 vom Komplex 1 eingeleitet. An das Carbenkohlenstoffatom des resultierenden Pentacarbonylmethylenchroms, [(CO)5Cr=CH2], addiert sich dann 2 in einem raschen Folgeschritt unter Bildung von 3. Ein Mechanismus über einen geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Cr-CH2-Bindungsbruch kann ausgeschlossen werden. Diese Ergebnisse sind der erste Nachweis eines neutralen elektrophilen Carbonylmethylen-Komplexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171203
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    The Structure of 2-Azaallenium Cations (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3365-3373 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zum Bau von 2-Azaallenium-KationenEntsprechend einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse kristallisiert das 2-Azaallenium-hexachloroantimonat 23 in der Topologie eines Allens (Geometrie 1a) und nicht eines 2-Azaallyl-Kations (1b). Ab-initio-Molekülorbital- (3-21 G Basissatz) und semiempirische MNDO-Rechnungen für das unsubstituierte 2-Azaallenium-Kation und einige mono- und disubstituierte Derivate (24) bestätigen die experimentellen Befunde: In vielen Fällen ist die Allengeometrie 24a stabiler als die 2-Azaallylium-Form 24b. Elektronenspendende Substituenten verringern den Energieunterschied zwischen 24b und 24a. Ein diaminosubstituiertes Allylium-Kation 24b ist energetisch stabiler als die entsprechende Allenium-Form 24a. Ganz allgemein sind substituierte 2-Azaallenium-Kationen um das zentrale Stickstoffatom sterisch flexibel. Verbindung 23 wurde nach einer neuen Synthese hergestellt.
    Notes: According to an X-ray structural analysis, the 2-azaallenium hexachloroantimonate 23 crystallizes with the topology of an allene (geometry 1a) and not of a 2-azaallyl cation (1b). Ab initio molecular orbital calculations (3-21 G basis set) and semiempirical MNDO calculations for the unsubstituted 2-azaallenium cation and for some mono- and disubstituted derivatives (24) confirm the experimental results: In many cases the allenium geometry 24a is more stable than the 2-azaallylium form 24b. Electron-releasing substituents reduce the energy difference between 24b and 24a. With two amino substituents the allylium geometry 24b is energetically preferred to the allenium form 24a. In general, substituted 2-azaallenium salts are sterically flexible around the central nitrogen atom. Compound 23 was synthesized by a new method.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841171205
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    Addition von Aldehyden an aktivierte Doppelbindungen, XXXIV1). Addition von Aldehyden an cyclische α-Methylenketone (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 682-693 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Addition of Aldehydes to Activated Double Bonds, XXXIV1). Addition of Aldehydes to Cyclic α-Methylene KetonesThe thiazolium salt-catalyzed addition of aldehydes to the cyclic α-methylene ketones 3, 4, 7, 8, 48, and 49 leads to γ-diketones 9 - 22, 50 - 53; some of them were converted into unsaturated ketones 23 - 28, pyrroles 29 - 34, 37 - 43, and furans 35, 36, 44 - 46. The α-methylene ketones were synthesized by retro Diels-Alder reaction of the corresponding norbornene compounds 1, 2, 5, 6, 47.
    Notes: Die Thiazoliumsalz-katalysierte Addition von Aldehyden an die cyclischen α-Methylenketone 3, 4, 7, 8, 48 und 49 führt zu γ-Diketonen 9 - 22, 50 - 53, aus denen einige ungesättigte Ketone 23 - 28, Pyrrol- 29 - 34, 37 - 43 und Furanderivate 35, 36, 44 - 46 synthetisiert wurden. Die Darstellung der α-Methylenketone erfolgte durch Retrospaltung entsprechender Norbornenderivate 1, 2, 5, 6 und 47.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170221
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    (Z-/(E)-2,2,2',2'-Tetraethoxy-Δ3,3'(2H,2'H)-bi[phenanthro[9,10-b]furan], II1). Synthese und Strukturbestimmung verschiedener phenanthrokondensierter O-Heterocyclen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 666-671 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: (Z)-/(E)-2,2,2',2'-Tetraethoxy-Δ3,3'(2H, 2'H)-bi[phenanthro[9,10-b]furan], II1). Synthesis and Structure Determination of some Phenantro-condensed O-HeterocyclesIn the absence of water the proton- or bromine-catalyzed isomerization of the pure diastereomers 1 leads to a mixture of the Z/E-isomers 2a. Acidic hydrolysis of these two diastereomers yields fumaric ester 4, which readily undergoes thermal cyclizitation to give coumarin 5a. - Direct acidic hydrolysis of the Z/E-isomers 1 forms orthoester 3 and fumaric ester 4. - Alkaline hydrolysis of coumarin 5b gives salt 5c, which on acidification forms carboxylic acid 5d. Heating of 5d in the presence of thionyl chloride leads to coumarino-coumarin 6. - Heating of coumarin 5b gives the furo-coumarin 7. 7 is also formed on heating of coumarino-coumarin 6 in the presence of water.
    Notes: Unter Ausschluß von Wasser führt die Protonen- bzw. Brom-katalysierte Isomerisierung der reinen Diastereomeren 1 zu dem Z/E-Isomerengemisch 2a. Die saure Hydrolyse dieser beiden Diastereomeren liefert den Fumarsäurediester 4, der thermisch zu dem Cumarin 5a cyclisiert. - Bei der direkten sauren Hydrolyse der Z/E-Isomeren 1 isoliert man den Orthoester 3 und den Fumarsäurediester 4. - Die alkalische Hydrolyse des Cumarins 5b gibt das Salz 5c, das durch Ansäuern die Carbonsäure 5d liefert. Beim Erhitzen von 5d in Thionylchlorid erhält man das Cumarino-cumarin 6. - Bei der thermischen Belastung entsteht aus dem Cumarin 5b das Furocumarin 7. In Anwesenheit von Wasser bildet sich 7 auch beim Erhitzen des Cumarino-cumarins 6.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170219
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    Azaborolinyl-Komplexe, X1). Darstellung und Eigenschaften von (1-tert-Butyl-2-methyl-η-1,2-azaborolinyl)carbonylmangan- und -molybdän-Komplexen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 672-681 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Azaborolinyl Complexes, X1). Synthesis and Properties of (1-tert-Butyl-2-methyl-η-1,2-azaborolinyl)carbonylmanganese and-molybdenum Complexes1-tert-Butyl-2-methyl-1,2-azaborolinyllithium (1) reacts with [CH3CN)3Mn(CO)3]PF6 to give (1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-η-1,2-azaborolinyl)tricarbonylmanganese (2). Neutral 1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-1,2-azaboroline (3) and Mo(CO)6 form π-ally(1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-η-1,2-azaborolinyl)-dicarbonylmolybdenum (4). The formation of the allyl group is due to the decomposition of an azaborolinyl ring under the reaction conditions. 2 and 4 are characterized by mass, IR, and NMR spectra. 4 could be investigated by X-ray analysis. Orthorhombic, space group Pbca, Z = 8, a = 1697.4(9), b = 1441.8(5), c = 1219.4(7) pm. The chirality of the azaborolinyl ring causes the formation of enantiomers which exist as a racemate in the crystal.
    Notes: 1-tert-Butyl-2-methyl-1,2-azaborolinyllithium (1) reagiert mit [(CH3CN)3Mn(CO)3]PF6 zum (1-tert-Butyl-2-methyl-η-1,2-azaborolinyl)tricarbonylmangan (2). Neutrales 1-tert-Butyl-2-methyl-1,2-azaborolin (3) und Mo(CO)6 bilden π-Allyl(1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-η-1,2-azaborolinyl)-dicarbonylmolybdän (4). Die Bildung der Allygruppe ist auf den Zerfall eines Azaborolin-Ringes unter den Reaktionsbedingungen zurückzuführen. 2 und 4 werden durch Massen-, IR- und NMR-Spektren charakterisiert. Von 4 konnte eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse durchgeführt werden: orthorhombisch, Raumgruppe Pbca, Z = 8, a = 1697.4(9), b = 1441.8(5), c = 1219.4(7) pm. Die Chiralität des Azaborolinyl-Ringes bedingt die Bildung von Enantiomeren, die im Kristall als Racemat vorliegen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170220
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    Diazadienes as Controlling Ligands in Catalysis, 51). Synthesis of Chiral Diazadienes R* - N = CR' - CR' = N - R* (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 694-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Diazadiene als Steuerliganden in der Katalyse, 51). Synthese chiraler Diazadiene R* - N = CR' - CR' = N - R*Die im Prinzip einfache Kondensationsreaktion von Glyoxal (als Hydrat) und 2,3-Butandion mit primären Aminen führt leider bei aliphatischen Aminen mit tertiärem bzw. sekundärem α-Kohlenstoff oftmals zu unerwünschten Additionsprodukten. Unter speziellen Synthesebedingungen können mit (R)-1-Phenylethylamin (1) und (1S,2S,3S,5R)-3-(Aminomethyl)pinan die gewünschten Diimine (Diazadiene (dad): R* - N = CR' - CR' = N - R*, R' = H, CH3) 4, 6 - 8 erhalten werden. Aus (S)-2-Amino-1-butanol (3) werden je nach Dion-Komponente ein Morpholinomorpholin 9 bzw. ein Bioxazolidin 10 gebildet, die von elektronenreichen Metallen in ihrer isomeren Form als Diazadiene gebunden werden ((dad)Mo(CO)4 11 und 12). Die offenkettige dad-Form ist durch O-Silylierung (14, 15) stabilisierbar. Die (dad)Eisen(0)-katalysierte Dimerisierung von Butadien zu 4-Vinyl-1-cyclohexen mit diesen dad-Liganden ergibt Enantiomerenüberschüsse e.e. bis zu 16%.
    Notes: The condensation of glyoxal (as hydrate) or 2,3-butanedione with primary amines is, in principle, a simple reaction. Unfortunately, aliphatic amines with secondary or tertiary α-carbons often give unwanted addition products. Under special reaction conditions the desired diimines (diazadienes (dad): R* - N = CR' - CR' = N - R*, R' = H, CH3) 4, and 6 - 8 are obtained from (R-1-phenyl-ethylamine (1) and (1S,2S,3S,5R)-3-(aminomethyl)pinane (2). Depending on the dione, a morpholinomorpholine 9 and a bioxazolidine 10 are formed from (S)-2-amino-1-butanol (3), which are bound by electron-rich metals in their isomeric dad form ((dad)Mo(CO)4 11 and 12). The acyclic dad structure is stabilized by O-silylation (14, 15). The (dad)iron(0) catalyzed dimerization of butadiene with these controlling ligands to 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene occurs with an enantiomeric excess up to 16%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170222
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    Anwendung der hochaufgelösten Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie zur Bestimmung der Ring-Ketten-Tautomerie (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 702-709 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Application of High-Resolution Solid State NMR Spectroscopy for the Determination of the Ring-Chain TautomerismThe structure of the benzaldehyde derivatives 1 and 2 showing ring-chain tautomerism was investigated by NMR spectroscopy in the solid state and in solution. Difficulties in preparing single crystals, low solubility, and the presence of solvent in the crystal prevent an X-ray analysis and other spectroscopic methods. The structural problem was solved by C-13 CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy. 2-[2-(Methylamino)ethyl]-3-nitrobenzaldoxime (1) exists in the chain form in the crystal but is in equilibrium with the cyclic isomer in solution. Two different types of crystals were obtained from the aminoethenylbenzaldehyde derivative 2, one of them containing the chain the other the cyclic form of 2. Signal assignments in the solid state result from comparison with the spectra in solution, which have been partially assigned by 2D 1H 13C NMR shift correlation.
    Notes: Die Struktur der Benzaldehyd-Derivate 1 und 2, die Ring-Ketten-Tautomerie zeigen, wird durch NMR-Spektroskopie im festen und gelösten Zustand untersucht. Schwierigkeiten beim Züchten von Einkristallen sowie die Schwerlöslichkeit bzw. die Anwesenheit von Kristallösungsmittel verhinderten die Anwendung der Röntgenstrukturanalyse und anderer spektroskopischer Methoden. Mit Hilfe von C-13-CP-MAS-NMR-Spektren wird das Strukturproblem lösbar. In 2-[2-(Methyl-amino)ethyl]-3-nitrobenzaldoxim (1) liegt im Kristall die offene Form vor, die in Lösung mit dem cyclischen Tautomeren 1b im Gleichgewicht steht. Vom Aminoethenylbenzaldehyd-Derivat 2 lassen sich zwei verschiedene Kristalle gewinnen, in denen alternativ die offene und die cyclische Struktur vorliegt. Zur Signalzuordnung werden die Festkörper-NMR-Spektren mit den z. T. durch 2D-1H-13C-NMR-Verschiebungskorrelation zugeordneten C-13-Spektren verglichen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170223
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    Asymmetrische Katalysen, 121). Neue optisch aktive P, N-Liganden und ihr Einsatz in der Rh-katalysierten asymmetrischen Hydrierung und Hydrosilylierung (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 710-724 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Asymmetric Catalyses, 121). New Optically Active P,N Ligands and Their Use in Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation and HydrosilylationNew P,N-ligands 2, 4 and 5 were prepared by Schiff base condensation of (2-formylphenyl)diphenyl- and tris(2-formylphenyl)phosphane with (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine and ethylenediamine. (R)-(+)-aminphos (6) was obtained by hydrogenation of the C = N bond in (R)-(+)-iminphos (2). The new imine ligands form stable chelate complexes. The pseudotetrahedral CpFe(CO)[R)-(+)-iminphos]PF6 was separated into the diastereoisomes with respect to the Fe configuration. The square planar Rh[(R)-(+)-iminphos]2X is obtained as a cis/trans mixture. The isolated Rh complexes and the combinations [Rh(COD)Cl]2/2, 4, and 6, respectively, were used as catalysts for the homogeneous hydrogenation of (Z)-α-(acetylamino)cinnamic acid and for the hydrosilylation of acetophenone with diphenysilane. The optical yield of 1-phenyl-ethanol, the product of hydrolysis of the hydrosilylation, increases with increasing ligand excess, decreasing catalyst concentration, and decreasing temperature.
    Notes: Neue P,N-Liganden 2, 4 und 5 wurden durch Schiffbasenkondensation von (2-Formylphenyl)diphenyl- und Tris(2-formylphenyl)phosphan mit (R)-(+)-1-Phenylethylamin und Ethylendiamin dargestellt. (R)-(+)-aminphos (6) wurde durch Hydrierung der C = N-Bindung in (R)-(+)-iminphos (2) erhalten. Die neuen Imin-Liganden bilden stabile Chelatkomplexe. Das pseudotetraedrische CpFe(CO)[(R)-(+)-iminphos]PF6 wurde in die Diastereomeren bezüglich der Fe-Konfiguration getrennt. Das quadratisch-planare Rh[(R)-(+)-iminphos]2X fällt als cis/trans-Gemisch an. Die isolierten Rh-Komplexe und die Kombinationen [Rh(COD)Cl]2/ 2, 4 bzw. 6 wurden als Katalysatoren für die homogene Hydrierung von (Z)-α-(Acetylamino)zimtsäure und für die Hydrosilylierung von Acetophenon mit Diphenylsilan eingesetzt. Die optische Ausbeute an 1-Phenylethanol, dem Hydrolyseprodukt der Hydrosilylierung, steigt mit zunehmendem Ligandenüberschuß, mit abnehmender Katalysatorkonzentration und mit abnehmender Temperatur.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170224
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    Macrocyclische quartäre Ammoniumsalze, IV1). Katalyse von nucleophilen aromatischen Substitutionen mit Azid als Nucleophil (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 725-731 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Macrocyclic Quaternary Ammonium Salts, IV1). Catalysis of Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions by Azide as NucleophileThe macrotricyclic ammonium salt 2 indeed catalyzes the bimolecular nucleophilic substitution of the halonitroarenes 3 - 7 by azide. The kinetic analysis supports the view that azide anion is included into the molecular cavity of the anion host 2 prior to the rate limiting substitution step. The desolvation experienced by the anionic guest on the invasion of the cavity from free solution is credited for the augmentation of reactivity observed which is greater than with micellar cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Compared to this, the influence of the leaving group on the reactivity is small. The far reaching analogy to natural enzymes qualifies 2 to be a totally synthetic low molecular weight enzyme model comparable to the cyclodextrins.
    Notes: Das macrotricyclische Ammoniumsalz 2 ist in der Lage, die bimolekulare nucleophile Substitution der Halogennitroaromaten 3 - 7 mit Azid zu katalysieren. Die kinetische Analyse stützt die Vorstellung, daß das Azid-Anion in die Molekülhöhle des Anionenwirtes 2 aufgenommen wird und dort im geschwindigkeitslimitierenden Schritt die Substitution vollzieht. Die Desolvatation des Gastanions beim Übertritt aus freier Lösung in die hydrophobe Umgebung der Höhle erklärt die beobachtete Reaktivitätssteigerung, die größer ist als in micellarem Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromid (CTAB). Der Einfluß der Austrittsgruppe auf die Reaktivität ist demgegenüber gering. Wegen der Analogie im Wirkprinzip zu den natürlichen Enzymen kann man 2 als synthetisches niedermolekulares Enzymmodell den Cyclodextrinen an die Seite stellen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170225
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    Synthese und Struktur adamantylsubstituierter Methylenaziridine1) (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 840-849 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Structure of Adamantyl-Substituted Methyleneaziridines1)The thermolysis of the 1,1-dibromocyclopropanes 3b, c in the presence of primary amines produced the 3,3-disubstituted N-alkyl(2-bromo-2-propen)amines 2b, c. These as well as 2a afforded the 1-alkyl-2-alkylideneaziridines 4 on 1,3-dehydrobromination with sodium amide in liquid ammonia. The isopropylideneaziridine 4b crystallizes monoclinically as a racemate in the space group P21/n with four molecules per cell. The angle between the plane of the three-membered ring and the 1-adamantyl nitrogen bond is 55.4°. Some structural parameters of 4b are discussed.
    Notes: Die Thermolyse der 1,1-Dibromcyclopropane 3b, c in Gegenwart primärer Amine ergab die 3,3-disubstituierten N-Alkyl(2-brom-2-propen)amine 2b, c. Daraus sowie aus 2a wurden die 1-Alkyl-2-alkylidenaziridine 4 durch 1,3-Dehydrobromierung mit Natriumamid in flüssigem Ammoniak erhalten. 4b kristallisiert als Racemat monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/n mit vier Molekülen pro Elementarzelle. Die Bindung zum Substituenten am Stickstoffatom ist um 55.4° aus der Dreiringebene ausgelenkt. Einige Strukturparameter von 4b werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170235
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    Reduktion von Oximen mit Natriumboranat in Gegenwart von Übergangsmetallverbindungen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 856-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reduction of Oximes with Sodium Borohydride in the Presence of Transition Metal CompoundsThe reduction of oximes with sodium borohydride in the presence of NiCl2 · 6 H2O and MoO3 was investigated. The combination of NaBH4 with NiCl2 · 6 H2O converted the unsaturated oximes through exhaustive reduction into saturated amines (Table 1). The C = C double bond remains preserved if the reduction is carried out in the presence of MoO3 (Table 2). The stereo-chemistry of the reduction in the presence of NiCl2 · 6 H2O is distinctivly different from that of MoO3.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170237
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    Masthead (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170301
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    Synthese von γ- und δ-Lactonen über radikalische CC-Verknüpfung (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 859-861 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of γ- and δ-Lactones via Radical CC-Bond Formation ReactionLactones 5 and 6 can be synthesized via solvomercuration of alkenes 1 and reductive CC-bond formation with acrylonitrile.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170238
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    Thermolabile Kohlenwasserstoffe, XXIV. Hexacyclopropylethan - Struktur, Thermochemie und Stabilität (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1013-1025 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermolabile Hydrocarbons, XXIV1). Hexacyclopropylethane - Structure, Thermochemistry, and Stability2)The preferential conformation of hexacyclopropylethane (5) has S6 symmetry according to X-ray analysis and force field calculations (MM2). The central bond ist 163.6 pm long (MM2: 161.5 pm). From the heat of combustion and heat of sublimation a heat of formation δHf°(g) = 111.5 kcal · mol-1 is obtained which could not be reproduced by the MM2 force field. An unusually high torsion constant is made responsible for this. A resonance energy of 3.7 kcal · mol-1 for the tricyclopropylmethyl radical (4) is derived from the activation parameters of the thermolysis reaction of 5.
    Notes: Hexacyclopropylethan (5) besitzt nach Kristallstrukturanalyse und Kraftfeldrechnungen (MM2) eine Vorzugskonformation mit S6-Symmetrie und eine zentrale Bindungslänge von 163.6 pm (MM2: 161.5 pm). Die thermochemisch bestimmte Bildungsenthalpie δHf°(g) = 111.5 kcal ⋅ mol-1 läßt sich durch das Kraftfeld MM2 nicht reproduzieren, wofür eine ungewöhnlich hohe Torsionskonstante im Kraftfeld verantwortlich gemacht wird. Aus den Aktivierungsparametern der Thermolyse von 5 und der Spannungsenthalpie läßt sich für das Tricyclopropylmethyl-Radikal (4) eine Resonanzstabilisierung von 3.7 kcal ⋅ mol-1 ableiten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170315
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    [1-(Arylcarbonyloxy)alkyl]phosphonium-Salze, 3. Reduktive C-Acylierung aromatischer Aldehyde (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1034-1038 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: [1-(Arylcarbonyloxy)alkyl]phosphonium Salts, 31). Reductive C-Acylation of Aromatic AldehydesThe phosphonium salts 5 are synthesized from aldehydes 1, arenecarbonyl chlorides 2 and triphenylphosphane (4), and can then be deprotonated to 7. 7 react as acyl anion equivalents with aromatic aldehydes 9 forming enol esters 10, which are transformed to alkanones 11. The new aldehyde 9 → alkanone 11-transformation is characterised as a reductive C-acylation of aromatic aldehydes.
    Notes: Aus Aldehyden 1, Arencarbonsäurechloriden 2 und Triphenylphosphan 4 entstehen die Phosphoniumsalze 5, die zu 7 deprotoniert werden. 7 reagiert wie Acylanionäquivalente mit aromatischen Aldehyden 9 zunächst zu Enolestern 10, aus denen die Alkanone 11 hergestellt werden. Die neuartige Aldehyd 9 → Keton 11-Umwandlung wird als reduktive C-Acylierung der Aldehyde 9 charakterisiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170317
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    Substituenteneffekte auf die C - C-Bindungsstärke, 6. Tetracyclopropylbernsteinsäuredinitril (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1026-1033 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Substituent Effects on the C - C bond Strength, 61). TetracyclopropylsuccinonitrileThe heat of formation of the title compound 5 was obtained from the heat of combustion and the heat of sublimation. The activation parameters for the thermal decomposition of 5 were measured by reaction kinetics. A resonance energy of 7.8 kcal⋅mol-1 is obtained for the α-cyanodicyclopropylcarbinyl radical from the known relationship between strain enthalpy and free enthalpy of activation. Due to dicyclopropylcarbinyl stabilisation this value is 2.5 kcal⋅mol-1 higher than expected for a simple α-cyanoalkyl radical. Structural data for 5 were obtained from force field calculations (MM2).
    Notes: Die Bildungsenthalpie der Titelverbindung 5 wurde thermochemisch, die Aktivierungsparameter ihrer Thermolyse wurden reaktionskinetisch bestimmt. Aus dem bekannten Zusammenhang zwischen Spannungsenthalpie und Aktivierungsenthalpie leitet sich für das α-Cyandicyclopropylcarbinyl-Radikal (6) eine Resonanzenergie von 7.8 kcal⋅mol-1 ab. Durch Dicyclopropylcarbinyl-Stabilisierung ist dieser Wert 2.5 kcal⋅mol-1 höher als für einfache α-Cyanalkyl-Radikale erwartet. Die Struktur von 5 wurde mit der Kraftfeldmethode (MM2) berechnet.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170316
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    Darstellung und Chemie des Clusters SRuCo2(CO)9 (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1039-1051 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Chemistry of the Cluster SRuCo2(CO)9SRuCo2(CO)9 (2) results in good yield by heating of stoichiometric amounts of Co2(CO)8 and Ru3(CO)12 in the presence of ethyl mercaptan under synthesis gas pressure. In 2 up to three CO ligands can easily be replaced by PMe2Ph and up to two CO ligands by AsMe2MCp(CO)3 (M = Cr, Mo, W). The monosubstituted derivates SRuCo2(CO)8L with L = PMe2Ph (3) or L = AsMe2MCp(CO)3 (6 - 8) appear as two isomers, of which we assume substitution at ruthenium for the one formed first and subsequent transfer of the ligand to cobalt. The tetranuclear complexes SRuCo2(CO)8 - AsMe2MCp(CO)3 (6 - 8) undergo metal exchange upon heating under CO to yield the chiral clusters SRuCoMCp(CO)8 (12 - 14, M = Cr, Mo, W). Of these the Mo and W compounds are better accessible by reaction between 2 and [MCp(CO3]2. From SruCoMoCp(CO)8 (13) and optically active phosphane ligands mixtures of diastereoisomers SRuCoMoCp(CO)7L (18: L = ( - )-PMePrPh; 19: L = PPh2O( - )-Menthyl result. During the formation of 19 a slight enrichment of the ( - )-diastereoisomer occurs. The diastereoisomers can be separated chromatographically, but not yet reconverted to the pure enantiomers 13.
    Notes: SRuCo2(CO)9 (2) entsteht in guter Ausbeute beim Erhitzen stöchiometrischer Mengen von Co2(CO)8 und Ru3(CO)12 in Gegenwart von Ethylmercaptan unter Synthesegas-Druck. In 2 lassen sich bis zu drei CO-Liganden durch PMe2Ph und bis zu zwei CO-Liganden durch AsMe2MCp(CO)3 (M = Cr, Mo, W) leicht ersetzen. Die Monosubstitutionsderivate SRuCO2(CO)8L mit L = PMe2Ph (3) bzw. L = AsMe2MCp(CO)3 (6 - 8) treten in Form von zwei Isomeren auf, bei denen wir für das zuerst gebildete Substitution am Ruthenium und anschließend Wanderung des Liganden zum Cobalt annehmen. Die Vierkernkomplexe SRuCo2(CO)8 - AsMe2MCp(CO)3 (6 - 8) unterliegen beim Erhitzen unter CO einem Metallaustausch zu den chiralen Clustern SRuCoMCp(CO)8 (12 - 14, M = Cr, Mo, W). Von diesen sind die Mo- und W- Verbindungen besser durch Umsetzung von 2 mit [MCp(CO)3]2 zugänglich. Aus SRuCoMoCp(CO)8 (13) und optisch aktiven Phosphanliganden entstehen Diastereomerengemische SRuCoMoCp(CO)7L (18: L = (-)PMePrPh; 19: L = PPh2O(-)-Menthyl). Bei der Bildung von 19 tritt eine geringe Anreicherung des (-)-Diasteromeren ein. Die Diasteromeren sind chromatographisch zu trennen, jedoch bisher nicht in die reinen Enantiomeren 13 zurückzuverwandeln.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170318
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    Eine einfache Synthese primärer Amine über ihre N,N-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-Derivate (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1250-1254 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Simple Synthesis of Primary Amines via their N,N-Bis(trimethylsilyl) DerivativesPrimary halogen compounds 1 or the corresponding tosylates react with sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (2) in hexamethyldisilazine to form N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)amines 3, which are converted into the amine hydrochlorides 5 by treatment with aqueous HCl.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170338
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    Masthead (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170401
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    Azobrücken aus Azinen, IV. Intramolekulare [2 + 2]-Photocycloaddition zwischen parallelen C=C- und N=N-Bindungen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1465-1475 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Azo Bridges from Azines, IV1). Intramolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition of Parallel C=C and N=N BondsThe parallel C=C and N=N bonds in the rigid molecules 1 - 10 photocyclize nearly quantitatively, forming 1,2-diazetidines 11 - 20. Their structure is confirmed by spectroscopic methods and for 13 by X-ray analysis. Radiation induced denitrogenation, the normal reaction for similar compounds without neighbouring C=C bonds, is suppressed even with the sensitive derivatives of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene. Photocyclization of 6, carrying two neighbouring C=C bonds, includes only the norbornene bond.
    Notes: In den starren Molekülen 1 - 10 reagieren die benachbarten parallelen C=C- und N=N-Bindungen nahezu quantitativ unter Photocyclisierung zu den 1,2-Diazetidinen 11 - 20, deren Struktur spektroskopisch und für 13 durch Kristallstrukturanalyse bewiesen wird. Die in Abwesenheit der C=C-Bindung beobachtete Photo-Denitrogenierung unterbleibt selbst bei den empfindlichen Derivaten des 2,3-Diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptens. Photocyclisierung von 6 mit zwei zur N=N-Bindung benachbarten C=C-Bindungen tritt nur mit der Norbornendoppelbindung ein.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170416
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    (Disilylamino)phosphane (Rf)2P - N(SiMe3)2 - Bausteine für PN3S2-Ringe (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1583-1590 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: (Disilylamino)phosphanes (Rf)2P - N(SiMe3)2 - Precursors for PN3S2 RingsThe reactions of the (disilylamino)phosphanes (Rf)2P - N(SiMe3)2 (Rf = CF3, C2F5) with S3N2Cl2 lead to new cyclophosphadithiatriazenes of composition (Rf)2PN3S2 (1a, b) with elimination of Me3SiCl and S8. By-products are (Rf)2P(Cl) = NSiMe3 (2a, b). Reaction of 1a, b with norbornadiene yields 1:1 adducts 3a, b. The X-ray structure analysis of 3a (Rf = CF3) is reported. When 1a is allowed to stand for several days a crystalline compound of composition [(CF3)2PN2S]2 (4) is formed. The X-ray structure analysis shows that 4 contains an eight-membered ring with 1,3-P(CF3)2 groups.
    Notes: Aus den (Disilylamino)phosphanen (Rf)2P - N(SiMe3)2 (Rf = CF3, C2F5) und S3N2Cl2 werden unter Abspaltung von Me3SiCl und S8 neue Cyclophosphadithiatriazene der Zusammensetzung (Rf)2PN3S2 (1a, b) erhalten. Als Nebenprodukte treten Phosphanimide (Rf)2P(Cl) = NSiMe3 (2a, b) auf. 1a, b bilden mit Norbornadien 1:1-Addukte 3a, b. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 3a (Rf = CF3) wird mitgeteilt. Aus 1a bildet sich nach mehrtägigem Stehenlassen eine kristalline Verbindung [(CF3)2PN2S]2 (4), deren Röntgenstrukturbestimmung einen achtgliedrigen Ring mit 1,3-P(CF3)2-Gruppen zeigt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170426
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  • 78
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    Die Hydrierung substituierter 1,1-Cyclopropandicarbonitrile (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1935-1939 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Hydrogenation of Substituted 1,1-CyclopropanedicarbonitrilesOn catalytic hydrogenation of 2-butyl-, 2,2-dimethyl-, and 2,2,3-trimethyl-1,1-cyclopropane-dicarbonitrile (1 - 3) ring-opening at the C-1 - C-3 bond occurs as predicted by the rule of Musso et al.2). Two highly substituted cyclopropanes (10, 12) gave no hydrogenolytic ring fission.
    Notes: Bei der katalytischen Hydrierung von 2-Butyl-, 2,2-Dimethyl- und 2,2,3-Trimethyl-1,1-cyclopropandicarbonitril (1 - 3) findet entsprechend der Regel von Musso et al. 2) Ringöffnung an der C-1 - C-3-Bindung statt. Zwei hochsubstituierte Cyclopropane (10, 12) gaben keine hydrogenolytische Ringspaltung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170522
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  • 79
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    Azaborolinyl-Komplexe, XIII. Synthese und Eigenschaften von Bis(1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-η-1,2-azaborolinyl)nickel (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1052-1060 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Azaborolinyl Complexes, XIII. Synthesis and Properties of Bis(1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-η3-1,2-azaborolinyl)nickelThe reaction of 1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-1,2-azaborolinyllithium (1) with NiBr2 leads to the sandwich complex bis(1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-η3-1,2-azaborolinyl)nickel (2). For the first time it is noticed that the azaborolinyl ring does not serve as η5 but as η3 ligand. The 1H NMR spectrum shows the existence of two isomers (2a,b), one of them could be investigated by X-ray analysis. As a result only the three ring carbon atoms possess binding distances to the nickel atom, whereas boron and nitrogen do not show any covalent interactions with the metal. The position of the signals of the ring protons in the 1H NMR spectrum differs characteristically from the position in other azaborolinyl sandwich complexes and in π-allyl compounds.
    Notes: Die Reaktion von 1-tert-Butyl-2-methyl-1,2-azaborolinyllithium (1) mit NiBr2 führt zum Sandwichkomplex Bis(1-tert-butyl-2-methyl-η3-1,2-azaborolinyl)nickel (2). Erstmals wird beobachtet, daβ der Azaborolinyl-Ring nicht als η5-, sondern als η3-Ligand dient. Das 1H-NMR-Spektrum zeigt das Vorliegen von zwei Isomeren (2a,b), von denen eines röntgenstrukturanalytisch untersucht werden konnte. Danach haben nur die drei Ringkohlenstoffe bindende Abstände zum Nickelatom, während Bor und Stickstoff keine kovalenten Wechselwirkungen mit dem Metall zeigen. Die Lage der Ringprotonen-Signale im 1H-NMR-Spektrum weicht charakteristisch von der Lage in anderen Azaborolinyl-Sandwichkomplexen und in π-Allylverbindungen ab.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170319
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  • 80
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    Synthesis and Structures of as-Triazinoquinazolines, I (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1077-1082 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese und Struktur von as-Triazinochinazolinen, IDie 3-(Methylthio)-6-R-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one 1 - 6 wurden durch Cyclokondensation mit Anthranilsäure in die 3-R-2H-as-triazino[3.2-b]chinazolin-2,6(1H)-dione 8 - 13 übergeführt. Reaktion von 2-Methyl-3-(methylthio)-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-on (23) mit Anthranilsäure ergab 1-Methyl-3-phenyl-2H-as-triazino[3,4-b]chinazolin-4,6(1H)-dion (29) über das Zwischenprodukt 26. N-Methylanthranilsäure setzte sich mit 2 und 5 zu den 11-Methyl-3-R-2H-as-triazino-[3,2-b]chinazolin-2,6(11H)-dionen 36 und 38 um.
    Notes: 3-(Methyltio)-6-R-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-ones 1 - 6 have been converted into the 3-R-2H-as-tri-azino[3,2-b]quinazoline-2,6(1H)-diones 8 - 13 upon cyclocondensation with anthranilic acid. Reaction of 2-methyl-3-(methylthio)-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one (23) with anthranilic acid gave 1-methyl-3-phenyl-2H-as-triazino[3,4-b]quinoazoline-4,69 (1H)-dione (29) via the intermediate 26. N-Methylanthranilic acid and 2 or 5 afforded the 11-methyl-3-R-2H-as-triazino[3,2-b]quinazoline-2,6(11H)-diones 36 and 38, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170322
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  • 81
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    Eine einfache Synthese der 5-Cyan-2-pyridincarbonsäure und ihres Amids (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1259-1261 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Simple Synthesis of 5-Cyano-2-pyridinecarboxylic Acid and its AmideThe title compounds 3 and 2 (X = CN) are prepared in good yields by regioselective carbamoylation of 3-cyanopyridine in a Minisci reaction and by consecutive amide hydrolysis with amyl nitrite in HCl-saturated acetic acid. The observed regioselectivity apparently remains confined to carbamoyl and possibly acyl radicals and to - M-effect substituents in 3-position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170340
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  • 82
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    Übergangsmetall-Methylen-Komplexe, XLIII. Drei- und viergliedrige Dimetallacyclen mit Schwefeldioxid, Selen, Chlorogold und einem Silberdiazoalkan als Molekülbausteinen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1271-1286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transition Metal Methylene Complexes, XLIII. Three- and Four-membered Dimetallacycles Having Sulfur Dioxide, Selenium, Chlorogold, and a Silver Diazoalkane as Molecular Building BlocksAs a very good π-ligand, sulfur dioxide adds under mild conditions (-80… +25°C) in fast and clean reactions to metal-metal double bonds with formation of stable 1:1 adducts that exhibit bridging sulfur dioxide ligands. Starting from the doubly bridged metal-metal double bonds of the dinuclear organorhodium- and -cobalt complexes 1a, b, 3, and 5, the novel μ-SO2 complexes 2a, b, 4, and 6, respectively, are formed. In some of these reactions, the coordination mode of the former bridging ligands changes to terminal. The first known μ-(thioformaldehyde S,S-dioxide-C,S) complexes 8a, b are achieved by means of clean electrophilic ring expansion reactions when sulfur dioxide inserts into the μ-methylene complexes 7a and 7b, respectively. Elemental selenium (9a), carbonyl(chloro)gold (9b), and the silver diazoalkane 9c form the three-membered metallacycles 10a - c upon treatment with 1a.
    Notes: Schwefeldioxid addiert sich als vorzüglicher π-Ligand unter schonenden Reaktionsbedingungen (-80… +25°C) rasch und übersichtlich an Metall-Metall-Doppelbindungen unter Bildung beständiger 1:1-Addukte, in denen stets SO2-Brücken vorliegen. Ausgehend von den zweifach verbrückten Metall-Metall-Doppelbindungen der zweikernigen Organorhodium- und cobalt-Komplexe 1a, b, 3 und 5 entstehen unter teilweiser Konstitutionsisomerisierung der Brückenliganden die neuen μ-SO2-Komplexe 2a, b, 4 bzw. 6. Durch glatt verlaufende elektrophile Ringerweiterungsreaktionen der μ-Methylen-Komplexe 7a, b sind die ersten μ-(Thioformaldehyd-S,S-dioxid-C,S)-Komplexe 8a, b zugänglich. Mit elementarem Selen (9a), Carbonyl(chloro)gold (9b) und dem Silberdiazoalkan 9c bildet 1a die dreigliedrigen Ringsysteme 10a - c.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170403
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    Untersuchungen von Reaktionsmechanismen durch Isotopenmarkierung, VIII. Zum Bildungsweg der Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine aus 4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-2,3-furandion und Arylisocyanaten (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1299-1309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanistic Investigations with the Aid of Isotopic Labeling, VIII. Investigations of the Reaction Pathway to Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines from 4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-2,3-furandione and Aryl Isocyanates4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-2,3-furandione (1) reacts with aryl isocyanates to yield the pyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidines 4 and the 2,3-pyrrolediones 2; using alkyl isocyanates the corresponding 2,3-pyrrolediones 2e - g are formed exclusively. The formation of 4 and 2 includes [4+2]cycloaddition steps and decarboxylation processes and should proceed via the (α-iminobenzyl)furandiones 6 and the (α-iminobenzyl)pyrrolediones 5 as probable intermediates. This is shown by chemical reactions, by an X-ray structure determination of 4e, and by the results of 14C-labeling. The reaction pathway of the thermolysis of 4 leading to the compounds 3 and 5 is additionally elucidated.
    Notes: 4-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-2,3-furandion (1) reagiert mit Arylisocyanaten zu den Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinen 4 und den 2,3-Pyrroldionen 2. Bei Verwendung von Alkylisocyanaten entstehen ausschließlich die entsprechenden 2,3-Pyrroldione 2e - g. Die Bildung von 4 bzw. 2 umfaßt [4+2]-Cycloadditions- sowie Decarboxylierungsschritte und sollte über (α-Iminobenzyl)furandion- (6) und (α-Iminobenzyl)pyrroldion- (5) Zwischenstufen verlaufen. Dies konnte durch chemische Umsetzungen, eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 4e sowie mittels 14C-Markierung gezeigt werden. Das Entstehen der Thermolyseprodukte 3 und 5 aus 4 wird erklärt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170405
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  • 84
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    Rate of Formation and Characterization of Magnesium Anthracene (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1378-1392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Bildungsgeschwindigkeit und Charakterisierung von MagnesiumanthracenAufgrund kernresonanzspektroskopischer Untersuchungen (1H- und 13C-NMR) ist Magnesium im aus THF kristallisierbaren Magnesiumanthracen ⋅ 3 THF (2a) an den 9,10-Positionen des Anthracens gebunden. Die Bildungsgeschwindigkeit von 2a aus Magnesium und Anthracen ist in THF bei 60°C sowohl zur Anthracenkonzentration als auch zur Magnesiumoberfläche, bei 25°C nur zur Magnesiumoberfläche proportional. Magnesium, Anthracen und THF stehen mit 2a in einem temperaturabhängigen, reversiblen Gleichgewicht (Gl. 6), wobei tiefe Temperaturen die Bildung von 2a begünstigen. Bei erhöhten Temperaturen reagiert 2a mit dem Lösungsmittel unter Ringöffnung von THF und Einschiebung von Butylenoxy-Einheiten in die Mg - C-Bindungen, so daß nach Hydrolyse die Alkohole 6 bzw. 7 erhalten werden.
    Notes: 1H and 13C NMR studies on magnesium anthracene ⋅ 3 THF (2a), which can be recrystallized from THF, indicate that magnesium has the strongest interaction with the 9,10-positions of anthracene. While the rate of formation of 2a from magnesium and anthracene in THF at 60°C is proportional to both anthracene concentration and magnesium surface area, at 25°C it is proportional only to magnesium surface area Magnesium, anthracene and THF exist in a temperature dependent, reversible equilibrium with 2a (eq. 6), the formation of 2a being favoured at lower temperatures. At higher temperatures 2a reacts with the solvent to produce ring opening of THF and insertion of butyleneoxy units in the Mg - C bonds, so that on hydrolysis the alcohols 6 and 7 are obtained.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170410
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    Thermal Decomposition of 1,2-Oxathiolane in the Gas Phase (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1393-1399 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Thermischer Zerfall von 1,2-Oxathiolan in der GasphaseDer cyclische Sulfensäureester 1,2-Oxathiolan (1) zersetzt sich thermisch (400 - 450 K) über 3-Mercaptopropanal (2) unter Verlust von H2S ausschließlich zu Acrolein (3). Experimente mit isotopenmarkierten Verbindungen weisen auf ein 1,2-Oxathiolan-Thietan-1-oxid-Gleichgewicht (1 ⇌ 4).
    Notes: The cyclic sulfenic ester 1,2-oxathiolane (1) decomposes thermally (400 - 450 K) exclusively to give acrolein (3) via 3-mercaptopropanal (2) by loss of hydrogen sulfide. Isotopic labelling experiments reveal the presence of a 1,2-oxathiolane-thietane 1-oxide equilibrium (1 ⇌ 4).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170411
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  • 86
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    Azobrücken aus Azinen, III. Unerwartete Bildung einer Verbindung mit parallelen C=C- und N=N-Bindungen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1455-1464 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Azo Bridges from Azines, III. Unexpected Formation of a Compounds with Parallel C=C and N=N Bonds2)Dialdehyde 5 reacts with hydrazine at pH 〉 7 to form the trimeric azine 6Tr, at pH 〈 4, however, to yield unexpectedly 8, which contains parallel C=C and N=N bonds in close proximity. The complex reaction is clarified. 8 is characterized by structure proving reactions and its spectroscopic data.
    Notes: Der Dialdehyd 5 reagiert mit Hydrazin bei pH 〉 7 zu dem trimeren Azin 6Tr, bei pH 〈 4 unerwartet zu 8, das parallel benachbarte C=C- und N=N-Bindungen besitzt. Der komplexe Reaktionsverlauf wird aufgeklärt. 8 wird durch struktursichernde Reaktionen und spektroskopische Daten charakterisiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170415
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    Zur Umsetzung von 2-Pyrrolcarbaldehyd mit heterosubstituierten Ethenen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1424-1435 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Reaction of 2-Pyrrolecarbaldehyde with Hetero-substituted Ethenes3H-Pyrrolizines 1 have been obtained from reactions of 2-pyrrolecarbaldehyde with ethenylphosphonates 2 and the phosphane oxide 5, respectively, the ratio of products depending on the structure of the educts. On varying the reaction conditions a controlled synthesis of both isomers 1e/f was achieved. Pyrrolizines, formed in a reaction of 2 pyrrolecarbaldehyde with ethenyl phenyl sulfone (3), could not be isolated since the reaction proceeded to give more complex pyrrolizine derivatives and the cyclazine 11. A mechanism is proposed for this multistep reaction. N-Alkylation of 2-pyrrolecarbaldehyde with dihaloalkanes has been carried out using phase transfer catalysis.
    Notes: Umsetzungen des 2-Pyrrolcarbaldehyds mit Ethenylphosphonaten 2 und dem Phosphanoxid 5 führten zu 3H-Pyrrolizinen 1, wobei das Mengenverhältnis der gebildeten Isomeren von der Struktur der Edukte abhängt. In einem Falle (1e/1f) gelang die gezielte Synthese beider Isomeren durch Variation der Reaktionsbedingungen. Die aus 2-Pyrrolcarbaldehyd und Ethenylphenylsulfon (3) entstandenen Pyrrolizine 1e/f reagieren weiter unter Bildung komplexer Pyrrolizinderivate und des Cyclazins 11. Für diese Mehrstufenreaktion wird ein Mechanismus vorgeschlagen. Unter Phasentransfer-Bedingungen gelingen Alkylierungen des 2-Pyrrolcarbaldehyds mit Dihalogenalkanen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170413
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    Der Nachweis eines Radikalketten-Mechanismus für die Knabe-Reaktion von 1,2-Dihydro-2-methylpapaverin (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1436-1454 
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    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Evidence for a Radical Chain Mechanism for the Knabe Reaction of 1,2-Dihydro-2-methylpapaverineA free radical chain mechanism is proposed for the Knabe reaction and the accompanying elimination reaction on account of their nonintegral reaction order and of successful inhibition experiments. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzyl radicals are the chain carrying species. Battersby's synthesis of N-methylpavine (19) from 1,2-dihydro-2-methylpapaverine (9) is dependent on the presence of formic acid as radical chain inhibitor. In the presence of inhibitors 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydro-2-methyl-isoquinolinium ions like 10 are persistent species whose chemistry can now be investigated.
    Notes: Die Knabe-Reaktion von 1,2-Dihydro-2-methylpapaverin (9) und die begleitende Eliminierungsreaktion wurden durch ihre gebrochene Reaktionsordnung und durch die Möglichkeit der Inhibition als Radikalkettenreaktionen erkannt, deren kettentragendes Radikal das 3,4-Dimethoxybenzylradikal ist. Die Synthese von N-Methylpavin (19) aus 1,2-Dihydro-2-methylpapaverin (9) ist an die Anwesenheit von Ameisensäure als Inhibitor der Radikalketten gebunden. Durch Zusatz von Inhibitoren können nun Immoniumionen 10 und analoge Verbindungen stabilisiert und ihre Chemie untersucht werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170414
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    Aminosäuren, 2. N-Acetyl-α,β-didehydro-α-aminosäureester durch Stickstoffabspaltung aus α-Azidocarbonsäureestern mit Rhenium-Katalysatoren (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1497-1512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Amino Acids, 21,2). N-Acetyl α,β-Didehydro α-Amino Acid Esters from α-Azidocarboxylic Acid Esters and Acetic Anhydride by Nitrogen Elimination with Rhenium Catalystsα-Azidocarboxylic acid esters 2 react with acetic anhydride in presence of catalytic amounts of rhenium heptasulfide and - if necessary - by addition of hydrochloric acid to give N-acetyl 3 or/and N,N-diacetyl-α,β-didehydro-α-amino acids esters 4 in very good yields. Exclusively monoacetylated products 3 are formed if water ist added before work up.
    Notes: Beim Erwärmen von α-Azidocarbonsäureestern 2 in Acetanhydrid/Essigsäure in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Rheniumheptasulfid und gegebenenfalls unter Zugabe von Chlorwasserstoff entstehen in sehr guten Ausbeuten N-Acetyl- 3 und/oder N,N-Diacetyl-α-β-didehydro-α-amino-säureester 4. Durch Zugabe von Wasser vor der Aufarbeitung erfolgt partielle Deacetylierung unter ausschließlicher Bildung der N-Monoacetylverbindungen 3.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170419
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    Heterocyclische Verbindungen, VI. Bildung von Isomeren bei der Acylierung von Verbindungen mit 1-Aryl-4-methyl-5H-2,3-benzodiazepin-Skelett (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1476-1486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclic Compounds, VI1) Formation of Isomers upon Acylation of Compounds Having a 1-Aryl-4-methyl-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine SkeletonAcetylation of 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-ethyl-7,8-dimethoxy-4-methyl-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine (1)2,3 in hot acetic anhydride yields the isomers 2a and 3a in equal proportions. Acetylation of 1 in the presence of pyridine led exclusively of 2a5), that of 1 ⋅ HCl (4)2,6) in hot acetic anhydride solely to 3a. 2a and 3a mutually fail to interconvert. However, 3a may be prepared from 2a via 5. While 3a was resistant against aqueous hydrolysis, at the same conditions 2a was converted into 7a by ring fission. 2b, 3b, and 7b were synthesized by applying propionic anhydride, and 3c from 4 by using benzoic anhydride. 13C-labelled 1 (17) and 3a (18) were prepared to assign the 13C-NMR signals of 3a. Furthermore, some additional examples are presented for the acetylation of 5H-2,3-benzodiazepines and their salts (22 - 26).
    Notes: Bei der Acetylierung von 1-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-5-ethyl-7,8-dimethoxy-4-methyl-5H-2,3-benzodiazepin (1)2,3) mit heißem Acetanhydrid werden die Isomeren 2a und 3a im Verhältnis von ≍ 1:1 gebildet. Die Acetylierung von 1 in Gegenwart von Pyridin führt ausschließlich zu 2a5), die des Hydrochlorids von 1(4)2,6) in heißem Acetanhydrid ausschließlich zu 3a. 2a und 3a können nicht ineinander umgewandelt werden, doch kann 3a aus 2a über 5 dargestellt werden. Während 3a beständig gegen wäßrige Hydrolyse ist, wird unter denselben Bedingungen 2a durch Ringöffnung in 7a übergeführt. Mittels Propionsäureanhydrid wurden 2b, 3b und 7b und mittels Benzoesäureanhydrid 3c synthetisiert. Für die Zuordnung des 13C-NMR-Spektrums von 3a wurden 13C-markiertes 1 (17) und 3a (18) hergestellt. Für die Acetylierung von 5H-2,3-Benzodiazepin-Basen und ihrer Salze werden noch weitere Beispiele angegeben (22 - 26).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170417
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    Amination, III. Trimethylsilanol as Leaving Group, V. Silylation - Amination of Hydroxy N-Heterocycles (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1523-1541 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminierung, III. Trimethylsilanol als austretende Gruppe, V. Silylierung-Aminierung von Hydroxy-N-heterocyclenDurch Silylierung-Aminierung lassen sich Hydroxy-N-heterocyclen (z. B. 18, 21, 26 u. a.) bequem in einer Einstufen-Eintopfreaktion aminieren (→ 20, 23 - 25 etc.). Aromatische Hydroxy-N-heterocyclen werden durch Silylierung in aktivierte und lipophile Zwischenprodukte vom Typ 3, 8 umgewandelt, die sich in situ mit Ammoniak, primären oder sekundären Aminen zu den entsprechenden mono-, bis- und tris-aminierten Produkten (5, 10) umsetzen. Die Additions-Eliminierungsreaktion von Aminen an O-silylierte Heterocyclen ist Lewissäure-katalysiert und verläuft gewöhnlich in hohen Ausbeuten, falls die austretende Gruppe Trimethylsilanol in situ durch überschüssiges Silylierungsmittel in Hexamethyldisiloxan umgewandelt wird. Anwendungsbreite und Grenzen dieser einfachen Methode werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Hydroxy N-heterocycles such as 18, 21, 26, and others are efficiently aminated in a one-step/one-pot procedure by silylation-amination to give 20, 23 - 25 etc. Silylation converts aromatic hydroxy N-heterocycles into activated and lipophilic intermediates of type 3, 8 which react in situ with ammonia, primary or secondary amines to form the corresponding mono-, bis- or tris-aminated products (5, 10). This addition-elimination of amines to O-silylated heterocycles in Lewis acid-catalyzed and proceeds usually in high yields if the leaving group trimethylsilanol is converted in situ by excess silylated agent into hexamethyldisiloxane. Scope and limitations of this simple procedure are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170421
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    Polyfunktionalisierte Cyclohexane aus Dianhydrodesoxyinositen. cis-Desoxy-1,3(1,4)-inosadiamine aus Benzol (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1765-1800 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Polyfunctionalised Cyclohexanes from Dianhydrodeoxyinositols. cis-Deoxy-1,3(1,4)-inosadiamines from BenzeneA ca. 9:1 mixture (yield 87 - 90%) of the stereoisomeric (1α,2α,6α)-/(1α,2β,6α)-2-bromo-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-enes (7a/8a) is obtained via controlled NBS bromination of 4,5-epoxycyclohexene (5). 7a/8a are quantitatively equilibrated in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides (the equilibrium being controlled by the polarity of the solvent (3:7 in acetonitrile)) and are isolated pure by chromatography. Through selective halogen substitution (7b/8b, 9b - d/10b - d) and ammonolysis the allylic epoxy alcohols 9a/10a are obtained in high yields. Stereospecific epoxidation of 7a/8a yields the (1α,2α,3α,5α,7α)-/(1α,2β,3α,5α,7α)-diepoxy bromides 12a/14a. The latter are equilibrated quantitatively to mixtures favoring either one in the ratio of ca. 9:1 (CCl4) and 1:9 (CH3CN), respectively. Upon SN2 substitution with ammonium acylates (→ 13b,c/15b,c) and ammonolysis the naturally not occurring dianhydrodeoxyinositols 13a/15a are isolated in practically quantitative yields. The usefulness of 13a/15a and of various derivatives for the stereoselective synthesis of cis-1,4- and cis-1,3-disubstituted cyclohexanetriols is exemplified by reactions with monovalent (H2O, HI, NaN3) and divalent nucleophiles (NH2NH2, CH3NHNH2). I.a. the cis-deoxy-1,3-inosadiamines 1 (2-deoxystreptamine)/2 and the cis-deoxy-1,4-inosadiamines 3/4 become available in high yields.
    Notes: Durch kontrollierte NBS-Bromierung von 4,5-Epoxycyclohexen (5) wird in 87 - 90proz. Ausbeute ein ca. 9:1-Gemisch der (1α,2α,6α)-/(1α,2β,6α)-2-Brom-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene (7a/8a) erhalten. Diese können in Gegenwart von Tetraalkylammoniumbromiden verlustfrei und je nach Polarität des Lösungsmittels zu unterschiedlichen Gemischen (3:7 in Acetonitril) äquilibriert und chromatographisch rein isoliert werden. Durch selektive Halogensubstitution (7b/8b, 9b - d/ 10b - d) und Ammonolyse werden in hohen Ausbeuten die Allylepoxyalkohole 9a/10a zugänglich. Über die stereospezifische Epoxidierung von 7a/8a gewinnt man die (1α,2α,3α,5α,7α)-/(1α,2β,3α,5α,7α)-Diepoxybromide 12a/14a, die sich ebenfalls verlustfrei äquilibrieren (ca. 9:1 in CCl4, ca. 1:9 in CH3CN) und mit Ammoniumacylaten über 13b,c/15b,c praktisch quantitativ in die natürlich nicht vorkommenden Dianhydrodesoxyinosite 13a/15a überführen lassen. Die Brauchbarkeit von 13a/15a und diverser Derivate für die stereoselektive Synthese cis-1,4- bzw. cis-1,3-disubstituierter Cyclohexantriole wird durch Umsetzung mit monovalenten (H2O, HI, NaN3) und divalenten Partnern (NH2NH2, CH3NHNH2) exemplarisch belegt. U.a. werden dadurch die cis-Desoxy-1,3-inosadiamine 1 (2-Desoxystreptamin)/2 und die cis-Desoxy-1,4-inosadiamine 3/4 totalsynthetisch in hohen Ausbeuten zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170510
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    Kondensierte Ringsysteme, XVI. Synthese, Kristall- und Molekularstruktur eines 1,4-überbrückten Dewar-Benzols der [6.2.2]Propellanreihe mit Konformationsenantiomerie (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1868-1876 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Condensed Ring Systems, XVI1). Synthesis, Crystal and Molecular Structure of a 1,4-Bridged Dewar-Benzene of the [6.2.2]Propellane Series with Conformational EnantiomerismStarting from 3,4:5,6-dibenzo-10,13-dithia[6.3.3]propella-3,5-diene (1) racemic 3,4:5,6-dibenzo-[6.2.2]propella-3,5,9,11-tetraene (7) is prepared. Its constitution is established by X-ray structure analysis. An enantiomeric enrichment of 7 has been achieved by chromatography on triacetyl cellulose; its halflife at 20°C is about 100 h.
    Notes: Ausgehend von 3,4:5,6-Dibenzo-10,13-dithia[6.3.3]propella-3,5-dien (1) wird das racemische 3,4:5,6-Dibenzo[6.2.2]propella-3,5,9,11-tetraen (7) hergestellt. Seine Konstitution wird röntgenstrukturanalytisch bewiesen. Durch Chromatographie an Triacetylcellulose konnte eine Anreicherung der Enantiomeren von 7 erreicht werden, deren Halbwertszeit bei 20°C ca. 100 h beträgt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170514
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    Zur Silylierung von 1-tert-Butyl-1-sila-2,4-cyclohexadienen in 2-, 4- und 6-Stellung (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1885-1895 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: About the Silylation of 1-tert-Butyl-1-sila-2,4-cyclohexadienes in the 2-, 4-, and 6-Position1-Sila-2,4-cyclohexadiene (1) reacts with tert-butyllithium to give 1-tert-butyl-1-sila-2,4-cyclohexadiene (3), which is transferred to 1-tert-butyl-1-chloro- (2) and 1-tert-butyl-1-methoxy-1-sila-2,4-cyclohexadiene (4) by substitution reactions. Silylation reactions at the pentadiene systems 2, 3, and 4 lead to the mono (5, 6, 7)-, bis (8, 9)-, and tris-trimethylsilylated (10) 1-tert-butyl-1-sila-cyclohexadienes. The 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR data of the compounds are described.
    Notes: 1-Sila-2,4-cyclohexadien (1) reagiert mit tert-Butyllithium zu 1-tert-Butyl-1-sila-2,4-cyclohexadien (3), welches durch Substitutionsreaktionen in 1-tert-Butyl-1-chlor- (2) und 1-tert-Butyl-1-methoxy-1-sila-2,4-cyclohexadien (4) übergeführt werden kann. Silylierungsreaktionen an den Pentadiensystemen 2, 3 und 4 führen zu den mono(5, 6, 7)-, bis(8, 9)- und tris(trimethylsilyl)-substituierten (10) 1-tert-Butyl-1-silacyclohexadienen. Die 1H-, 13C- und 29Si-NMR-Daten der Verbindungen werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170516
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    Elektrochemische Synthesen, XX. Die Synthese von S4N4 und (S5N5)Cl (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1920-1925 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Electrochemical Syntheses, XX1). The Syntheses of S4N4 and (S5N5)ClThe cathodic reduction of S3N3Cl3 in 0.1 M (Ph3P=N=PPh3)[PF6]/CH2Cl2 or 0.15 M (Bu4N)-[BF4]/CH2Cl2 yields S4N4 at room temperature and (S5N5)Cl at - 20°C with current efficiencies of 90% and 49%, respectively.
    Notes: Die kathodische Reduktion von S3N3Cl3 in 0.1 M (Ph3P=N=PPh3)[PF6]/CH2Cl2 oder 0.15 M (Bu4N)[BF4]/CH2Cl2 ergibt bei Raumtemperatur S4N4 und bei - 20°C (S5N5)Cl mit Stromausbeuten von 90% bzw. 49%.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170520
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    Diazadiene als Steuerliganden in der homogenen Katalyse, VII. Katalytische Darstellung und Struktur eines doppelt vicinal substituierten Cyclooctatetraens - 1,4,5,8-Tetrakis[(p-tolyloxy)methyl]-1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1913-1919 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Diazadienes as Controlling Ligands in Homogeneous Catalysis, VII1). Catalytic Synthesis and Structure of a Cyclooctatetraene with Twofold Vicinal Substitution - 1,4,5,8-Tetrakis[(p-tolyloxy)methyl]-1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraeneThe catalytic reaction of 2-propynyl p-tolyl ether (propargyl p-tolyl either) with the diazadiene nickel complex 4 gives a highly symmetrical cycloocatetraene derivative 2. 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra do not allow to distinguish between three possible substitution patterns (1,3,5,7; 1,4,5,8; 1,2,5,6). Double bond and substituent positions were determined by an X-ray structural analysis. The encountered pattern with a twofold vicinal substitution (1,4,5,8) was hitherto unknown for catalytically prepared cycloocatatetraenes. At the same time, 2 is the first cyclotetramer of a propargylic ether.
    Notes: Die katalytische Umsetzung von 2-Propinyl-p-tolylether (Propargyl-p-tolylether) mit dem Diazadien-nickelkomplex 4 führt zu einem hochsymmetrischen Cyclooctatetraenderivat 2. 1H-NMR- und 13C-NMR-Spektren erlauben aus Symmetriegründen keine Unterscheidung zwischen drei möglichen Substitutionsmusten (1,3,5,7; 1,4,5,8; 1,2,5,6). Durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse wurden die Substituentenstellung und die Lage der Doppelbindungen bestimmt. Das gefundene, doppelt vicinale 1,4,5,8-Substitutionsmuster war für katalytisch dargestellte Cyclooctatertraene bis jetzt unbekannt; zugleich ist 2 das erste Cyclotetramere eines Propargylethers.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170519
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    Heterocyclic β-Enamino Esters, 34. New Types of Spiro Compounds by Addition and Cyclization Reactions of 3-(2-Imidazolidinylidene)- and 3-(Tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinylidene)dihydro-2(3H-furanones with Methyl Acrylate and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 1926-1934 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclische β-Enaminoester, 341). Neue Typen von Spiro-Verbindungen durch Additions- und Ringschlußreaktionen von 3-(2-Imidazolidinyliden)- und 3-(Tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinyliden)dihydro-2(3H)-furanonen mit Acrylsäure-methylester und Acetylendicarbonsäure-dimethylesterDie 2(3H)-Furanone 1a - e reagieren mit Acrylsäure-methylester in Benzol- oder Dioxanlösung in einer Additions- und Cyclokondensations-Sequenz zu den Spiro-Verbindungen 2a - e. 1a, b ergeben mit Acetylendicarbonsäure-dimethylester die Additionsprodukte 3a, b; hingegen resultieren aus 1c - e in einer verwandten Additions-Cyclokondensationssequenz die Spiro-Verbindungen 4a - c.
    Notes: The 2(3H-furanones 1a - e react with methyl acrylate in benzene or dioxane solution to afford the spiro compounds 2a - e in an addition and cyclocondensation reaction sequence. With dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate 1a, b give merely the addition products 3a, b, while 1c - e yields the spiro compounds 4a - c in a related addition-cyclocondensation step.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170521
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    Photochemische Stickstoff-Eliminierung aus 1-(1-Alkenyl)-4-tert-butyl-1,4-dihydro-5H-tetrazol-5-onen. Konkurrenz zwischen Methanol-Addition und Cyclisierung einer dipolaren Zwischenstufe (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2761-2778 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Photochemical Elimination of Nitrogen from 1-(1-Alkenyl)-4-tert-butyl-1,4-dihydro-5H-tetrazol-5-ones. Competition between Addition of Methanol and Cyclization of a Dipolar IntermediateThe 4-tert-butyl-1-vinylterazolones 12a - c and the tetrazolones 13 and 14 are synthesized from the 5-chlorotetrazole 7 and the tetrazolone 9 via several routes. Bis(benzonitrile)palladium dichloride catalyses the O → N-Claisen rearrangement 8 → 11, the allyl → vinyl rearrangements 11a → 12b and 11b → 12c, as well as the equilibration 13 → 14. On 254 nm photolysis of the vinyltetrazolones 12 nitrogen is extruded and cyclic and/or acylic products of primary photo-intermediates are formed: In [D3]acetonitrile as solvent, 77% of 1-tert-butylimidazolone 16 arises from 12a, while the tetrazolones 12b, c produce only complex mixtures. In methanol as solvent, the methanol adduct 20a (23%) of the intermediate imidazolone 15a and the acyclic N-(1,2-dimethoxyethyl)urea 22a (32%) are obtained besides 45% of 16. In contrast, from 12c in methanol the corresponding urea 22c is formed almost quantitatively as the only product. In [D4]methanol solution of (E,Z)-12b a ratio of 4-methoxyimidazolidinone 20 b to the diastereomeric ureas 22 b of 22: 78 is observed. With decreasing amounts of [D4]methanol in [D4]methanol/[D3]acetonitrile mixtures, the imidazolidinone 20 b increases at the expense of the ureas 22 b. A 20 b: 22 b ratio of 98: 2 is reached in [D3]acetonitrile containing 3-6% [D4]methanol. This indicates a competition between the cyclization (affording 20 b via 15 b) and the methanol addition (producing 22 b via 21 b) of a dipolar photo-intermediate. The structure of the photo-products are confirmed by independent synthesis of 16 and by their high field proton and carbon-13 NMR spectra.
    Notes: Aus dem 5-Chlortetrazol 7 und dem Tetrazolon 9 werden auf verschiedenen Wegen die 4-tert-Butyl-1-vinyltetrazolone 12a - c sowie die Tetrazolone 13 und 14 hergestellt. Bei der 254-nm-Photolyse der 1-Vinyltetrazolone 12 erhält man in Abhängigkeit von Struktur und Reaktionsbedingungen das Imidazolon 16, die 4-Methoxyimidazolidinone 20 und/oder die N-(1,2-Dimethoxyalkyl)harnstoffe 22. Die Ergebnisse sprechen für eine Konkurrenz zwischen Cyclisierung (→ 15b → 20b) und Methanol-Addition (→ 21b → 22b) einer dipolaren Photozwischenstufe. Die Struktur der Photoprodukte wird durch unabhängige Synthese von 16 sowie Hochfeld-1H-und 13C-NMR-Spektren bewiesen.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170818
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    Synthese von neuen 1,2,6-Thiadiazinen und 1,3,2,4-Dithiadiazinen (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2779-2784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of New 1,2,6-Thiadiazines and 1,3,2,4-DithiadiazinesThe synthesis of some new benzo- and benzothieno-substituted 1,2,6-thiadiazin-3-ones 4a - c, 9a - f by cyclisation of dialkylsulfur diimides 1a - c with halide substituted acid chlorides 2 and 5a - c is described. Analogous cyclisation of the sulfonyl chloride 6 with 1a - d leads to 1,3.2,4-dithiadiazines 10a - d.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170819
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    Masthead (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19841170901
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