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  • 1980-1984  (34,223)
  • Chemistry  (33,681)
  • Ultrastructure  (541)
  • Nuclear reactions
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serotonin nerve fibers in the primary visual cortex of the monkey (1984)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 169 (1984), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Primary visual cortex ; Monkey ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A quantitative and immunoelectronmicroscopical analysis of serotonin nerve fibers in the primary visual cortex of the monkey (Macaca fuscata) was made using a sensitive immunoperoxidase method for serotonin. The overall numerical density of serotonin-containing varicosities in the primate striate cortex was approximately 770,000/mm3 and the highest concentration of immunore-active varicosities (ca. 1,400,000/mm3) was observed in the upper portion of layer IVc, the next highest concentration being in layer IVb (ca. 1,180,000/mm3). At the ultrastructural level, the electron dense immunoreactive products were observed in the small granules (10–65 nm in diameter). The varicosities were usually small (0.5–1.0 μm in diameter) and made contact with both stellate and pyramidal cells. Serotonin fibers were often in close apposition to the poorly myelinated axons in layers IVb, V, and VI, and they rarely formed distinct synaptic structures with unlabelled neuronal elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300581
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response of the uterine surface to ovarian hormones in the aged rat (1984)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 169 (1984), S. 205-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Rat uterus ; Epithelium ; Aging ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary By scanning electron microscopy uterine luminal epithelium of the rat was studied to determine whether aging alters ovarian hormone stimulated ultrastructural changes in that portion of the endometrial surface into which implantation takes place in the younger animal. Results show that in the aged rat this surface differentiates in response to ovarian hormones in a manner qualitatively similar to that which occurs in the young animal. Epithelial cells of ovariectomized rats, both young and aged, were polygonal in outline, flattened, or even somewhat concave, and had short microvilli. Following estrogen treatment cells of both groups were round or oval and bulged into the lumen. Cells of young rats were covered with long microvilli. Most cells of aged rats had microvilli of equal or greater length; a small number of epithelial cells had fewer and shorter microvilli. Cells of progesterone-treated young and aged animals both were covered with short microvilli and bore membrane protrusions. The protrusions varied in size, shape and numbers both within and between age groups. These findings suggest that differences in the surface ultrastructure of the aged uterus reflect age-related changes in hormone levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303150
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the cumulus cell mass surrounding a human egg in the pronuclear stage (1984)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 170 (1984), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Cumulus ; Oocyte complex ; Human egg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cumulus cell mass enclosing a penetrated human egg was studied. The egg, recovered from the Fallopian tube approximately 80 h after luteinizing hormone peak and 35 h after insemination, was surrounded by a large, expanded and dissociated cumulus. Dispersions of the outermost cumulus cell layers occurred during processing, the innermost cell layers remained attached enclosing the egg. The photomicrographs showed that the follicular cells were embedded in an intercellular matrix and contact via gap-junction-like structures between neighboring cells existed. Cumulus cell processes traversing the zona pellucida were not found. Two types of follicular cells coexisted within the cumulus, light and dark cells. These cellular types, were different in morphology and size. Light cells displayed cytoplasmic organelles normally associated with protein synthesis and steroidogenesis. Dark cells with long cytoplasmic processes were involved in sperm phagocytosis. It is suggested from the characteristics of the cytoplasmic organclles that dark cells seem to be modified light follicular cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319465
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray microanalysis of monoaminergic terminals in the nucleus tegmentalis dorsalis of the chicken (1984)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 170 (1984), S. 87-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Monoamine ; X-ray microanalysis ; Ultrastructure ; Brain stem ; Chicken
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary X-ray microanalysis after aldehyde-chromatedichromate treatment served to confirm the presence of monoaminergic terminals in the nucleus tegmentalis dorsalis (NTD) of the chicken. The monoaminergic terminals were represented as neuronal elements with electron-dense vesicles (EDVs) of several different shapes as seen in Eponembedded semi-thin sections. Conventional electron microscopic observations of the adjacent ultra-thin sections showed the EDVs to be comprised of spherical medium-sized (about 80 nm in diameter), large dense-cored (about 120 nm) and elongated granular vesicles (100–220 nm) in the same nerve varicosities. It is probable that the NTD, being a center of catecholaminergic efferent projections, may also receive direct monoaminergic inputs from an unknown area of the brain and/or from recurrent collaterals of the same catecholamine-containing neurons in the NTD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319462
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurofibromatosis tumor and skin cells in culture (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 63 (1984), S. 269-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurofibromatosis ; Cell culture ; Cell surface ; Cytoskeleton ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Structural proteins of cultured neurofibromatosis (NF) tumor and skin cells were studied with reference to control skin fibroblasts. In polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)/fluorography the banding patterns of the cell lysates were markedly similar. NF tumor cells, however, produced a 60 kD band with a stronger and a 48 kD band with a lighter protein staining and metabolic labeling intensity. Furthermore, skin cells were also characterized by a 26 kD protein and the tumor cells by a 22 kD protein with high metabolic labeling intensity. Neuraminidase/galactose oxidase/NaB3H4-labeled NF skin and control skin cells possessed a 220 kD protein that was less intensively labeled in the tumor cells. The banding pattern of the skin cells was also characterized by a protein with slightly lower molecular weight (86 kD) than that of the tumor cell lysates (90 kD). In all cell lines studied indirect immunofluorescence stainings revealed bright arrays of vimentin type intermediary filaments but no desmin, cytokeratin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or neurofilament proteins. NF skin and control skin cells possessed well developed actin-containing bundles of microfilaments, while those of the tumor cells lacked a typical stress-fiber organization. The general morphology of the tumor cell cultures was also irregular. Transmission electron microscopy revealed no basic differences in the structure of intermediary filaments or microfilaments. The present data provide basic knowledge of neurofibromatosis skin and tumor cells and demonstrate that cultured cells originating from neurofibromas are defective in both their intracellular and extracellular organization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687332
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural observation on a colloid cyst of the third ventricle (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 65 (1984), S. 41-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Colloid cyst ; Third ventricle ; Ultrastructure ; Pathogenesis ; Rathke's cyst
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The case involves a colloid cyst of the third ventricle in a 20-year-old man. The lining epithelia of the cyst were composed of two different types of epithelial cells; stratified squamous cells and mucincontaining columnar cells. The presence of both squamous and glandular cells in the cyst wall supports the contention that the colloid cyst in the present case derived from an non-neuroepithelial source. The clinico-pathology of this cystic tumor is compared here with other epithelial cysts of the central nervous system (CNS), especially Rathke's cyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689826
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic tubular inclusion in ganglioneuroma (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 64 (1984), S. 81-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ganglioneuroma ; Cytoplasmic tubular inclusion ; Smooth endoplasmic reticulum ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Unusual tubular inclusions were observed in the cytoplasm of ganglion cells of a mediastinal ganglioneuroma in a boy of 7 years. The inclusions consisted of an aggregation of about 100-nm-sized tubular structures resembling ‘honeycomb-like’ tubular structures in the axoplasm of rats and mice and suggested to be derived from dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. These structures differ from profiles reported in normal and pathologic conditions and seem to be related to the neoplastic character of the ganglion cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695612
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of cerebellar capillary hemangioblastoma (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 64 (1984), S. 308-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Angiogenesis ; Cerebellar hemangioblastoma ; Degranulation ; Heparin ; Mast cell ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The topographic distribution, population density, and ultrastructural features of mast cells were studied in six cases of cerebellar capillary hemangioblastoma. The vascular area of tumor tissue contained large numbers of mast cells (6.3 cells/high power field, ×400) in comparison with hyalinized area (0.3 cell) and adjacent cerebellar tissue (〈0.1 cell). Close association of mast cells with endothelial cells and stromal cells was found. The morphology of mast cell granules and their degranulation through dissolution of granule contents and exocytosis were illustrated. The findings suggest that an increased number of mast cells may represent one of the characteristic histological features of capillary hemangioblastoma, and continuous degranulation of mast cell granules with release of heparin may play an important pathophysiologic role in the vascular proliferation and expansion of the tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690396
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural and histophysiological studies on the blood-nerve barrier and perineurial barrier in leprosy neuropathy (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 64 (1984), S. 282-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Blood-nerve Barrier ; Perineurial barrier ; Leprosy neuropathy ; Ultrastructure ; Ferritin ; Ageing ; Drug treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Onset and nature of ultrastructural changes in endoneurial vasa nervorum during the pathogenesis of leprosy neuropathy and possibly associated alterations in the “blood-nerve barrier” were investigated, together with perineurial barrier functioning, in mice infected 20–28 months previously withMycobacterium leprae and in (ageing) non-infected mice. Barriers were tested by i.v. administration of markers (Trypan blue and ferritin) 1–4 days before killing the mice. Twenty-eight months after infection, histopathology of sciatic nerves was comparable to that seen in sensory nerves in clinically early human (borderline-) lepromatous leprosy. Schwann cells and endoneurial macrophages were bacillated, endothelia of endoneurial vessels not, and the perineurium rarely. Many infected mice and all (ageing) controls possessed ultrastructurally and functionally normal endoneurial vessels. Their continuous endothelium with close junctions had prevented marker passage, even when surrounding endoneurial tissue cells were quite heavily bacillated. The perineurium was also normal. By contrast, in infected mice showing hind limb paralysis serious histopathologic involvement and large globi of bacilli intrafascicularly in sciatic nerves, endoneurial blood vessels were abnormal. Open endothelial junctions, extreme attenuation, fenestrations, and luminal protrusions were all features comparable to neural microangiopathy encountered in leprosy patients (Boddingius 1977a, b). The “blood-nerve barrier” clearly had become defective allowing excessive exudation of Trypan blue and ferritin, via four pathways from the vessel lumen, deep into surrounding endoneurial tissues but halted by a normal perineurial barrier. Markers in such “blue” nerves were not found in bacillated or non-bacillated Schwann cells, thus denying significant phagocytotic and lysosomal activities of Schwann cells at this stage of neuropathy. Possible implications of barrier performances for anti-leprosy drug treatment of patients are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690394
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paired twisted filaments a new ultrastructural marker of human pinealomas? (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 65 (1984), S. 163-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Human pinealomas ; Ultrastructure ; Paired twisted filaments ; Paired helical filaments ; Cytoskeleton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Paired twisted filaments (PTF) forming helices are described in tumor cells of three human pine-alomas. Each filament was 8.11±1.55 nm wide. The maximal width of the helix was 16.62±2.62 nm. The periodicity of the constrictions was 26.63±4.49 nm. These characteristics appeared original, suggesting protein, filaments possibly specific of pinealocytes. The similarities and discrepancies between PTF and Alzheimer's paired helical filaments (PHF) are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690471
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the wall of the Dandy-Walker cyst (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 62 (1984), S. 225-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Dandy-Walker syndrome ; Dandy-Walker cyst ; Ependymal cell ; Ultrastructure ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the wall of the Dandy-Walker cyst has been described rarely. A boy aged 2 years was confirmed clinically, neuroradiologically, and operatively as having a Dandy-Walker cyst in the posterior fossa. The cyst wall obtained during surgery consisted of an outer arachnoid cell layer, intermediate interwoven neuroglial strands, and an inner layer of cells which lacked the characteristic appearance of ependyma. An unusual finding was a small, buried island of ependymal cells in the intermediate layer of the neuroglial tissue. Ultrastructural study of the cyst wall provides a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the Dandy-Walker syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691856
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of the morphologic changes of both acute and chronic experimental myasthenia by monoclonal antibody directed against acetylcholine receptor (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 63 (1984), S. 131-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody ; Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis ; Monoclonal antibody ; Myasthenia gravis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate pathogenic mechanisms in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and myasthenia gravis (MG), we studied the acute and chronic effects in rats of injection of rat monoclonal antibodies (MCABs) directed against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Animals were severely weak 12 h after a single injection, at which time macrophages were found invading endplate regions of muscle and cholinesterase-stained regions were separted from the underlying muscle fibers. Ultrastructural studies showed findings identical to the acute phase of EAMG: degenerating postsynaptic membranes and invasion and phagocytosis of endplate regions by macrophages. Animals receiving sublethal doses of MCAB recovered clinically by 4–5 days after injection. Recovery was accompanied by a progressive decrease in the number of macrophages associated with endplates and reapposition to the myofibers of the cholinesterasestained regions. Animals injected once, or repeatedly over several months, remained clinically and electromyographically normal after recovery from the initial episode of weakness, but their endplate ultrastructure was highly simplified with blunted or absent synaptic folds and shallow or absent secondary synaptic clefts. These studies demonstrate that anti-AChR MCABs can induce the changes of both acute and chronic EAMG. There is good correlation between the inflammatory changes and the acute clinical disease but poor correlation between morphological and clinical parameters in the chronic syndrome. The latter observation suggests that severe ultrastructural changes, similar to those seen in chronic EAMG and MG, cannot account, at least in rats, for the clinical and electrophysiologic abnormalities of MG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697195
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes in rat Clara cells induced by a single dose of O,S,S-trimethyl phosphorodithioate (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 56 (1984), S. 59-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Trialkylphosphorothioates ; Rat ; Lung ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The oral administration of an LD50 dose (25 mg/kg) of O,S,S-trimethyl phosphorodithioate to rats induced immediate, cholinergic symptoms. A delayed respiratory crisis followed, 3–4 days later, involving a pronounced increase in lung weight and extensive injury to the alveolar epithelium. This compound also induced the immediate liberation of secretory granules from the Clara cells. Minor changes in the surface appearance of these cells were also observed but no signs of injury were found in any cells of the bronchiolar epithelium. The complement of secretory granules was monitored, by the morphometric analysis of ultrathin sections. Clara cells from control animals were found to contain 9.55±1.16 (SEM) granules per cell profile. The Clara cells from dosed animals were largely devoid of granules until the 3rd day after administration. Many of these agranular cells were arranged in clusters and often showed signs of mitotic division. In surviving animals the subsequent replacement of granules resulted in a large increase in the numbers present and many exhibited abnormal morphology. Over twice the normal complement of granules, 22.45±0.42 (SEM) per cell profile, was found 6 days after dosing. The complement of granules subsequently returned to normal levels and the clusters of Clara cells were resolved within 14 days of dosing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316355
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidermoid metaplasia in apocrine cystadenoma of the penis (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 276 (1984), S. 170-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Penile apocrine cystadenoma ; Ultrastructure ; Filamentous fuzzy coat ; Epidermoid metaplasia ; Peridermlike cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two cystadenomas occurring near the frenulum of the penis revealed a predominantly secretory pseudostratified columnar epithelium with PAS-reactive dome-shaped cytoplasmic protrusions at the luminal cellular parts. The content of secretory vacuoles was discharged into the cyst lumen by an exocytotic (eccrine) and ballooning type of extrusion. There were no indications of a real apocrine extrusion mechanism. No histogenetic derivation of these penile cystadenomas from apocrine sweat glands could be proved. An antennalike filamentous fuzzy coat on the luminal cytoplasmic membrane was most remarkable. Regionally, an epidermoid differentiation had developed. Morphologically, this process had begun just above the basal cell layer which had remained unchanged and led to the establishment of a stratified epithelium.Hyalin lamellarlike flattened cells at the luminal part displayed necrobiotic features and resembled periderm cells. There was no keratin pattern. Luminal cells of epidermoid differentiation still revealed a filamentous fuzzy coat which indicated that the undifferentiated cuboidal basal cells basically had a prospective secretory meaning and probably represented the target cells in the process of metaplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414015
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Length and shape of enamel crystals (1984)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 36 (1984), S. 550-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Enamel crystals ; Length ; Shape ; Apatite ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary An original method for fractionating and preparing isolated crystals of homogeneous size was developed. It was demonstrated that enamel apatite crystals are at least 100 µm long. The flexibility of the very long crystallites was demonstrated. Crystal curvatures, accounting for the irregular course of the prisms through the enamel thickness, were visualized and measured. It was shown that in the deep forming enamel layer, lateral branches may grow out of the crystals and crystal fusing often occurs, inducing the crystallites to assume pyramidal shapes with their wide bases pointing toward the dentino-enamel junction and one or two tops toward Tomes' processes. During the maturation process, the two tops of the still immature crystals also fuse so that the mature crystals acquire a rodlike aspect, with parallel faces and steplike graduations along thec axis, allowing a close contact between the crystals. These results support the hypothesis that the crystallites would be continuous from the dentino-enamel junction to the surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405364
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of a new coccoid methanogen, Methanogenium tatii spec. nov. from a solfataric field on Mount Tatio (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 308-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Methanogenium tatii ; Ultrastructure ; Physiology ; Glycoproteins ; DNA-DNA Homology ; Taxonomy ; Archaebacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new coccoid methanogen, Methanogenium tatii, was isolated and characterized. The mesophilic isolate can grow on and produce methane from H2:CO2 and formate. For growth acetate is strictly required. The cell shape, the G+C content of 54 mol% and DNA-DNA homology data suggest it to be a Methanogenium species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410727
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane-bound nitrite oxidoreductase of Nitrobacter: evidence for a nitrate reductase system (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 140 (1984), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrobacter hamburgensis ; Nitrite oxidoreductase ; Nitrate reductase ; Molybdenum iron-sulfur protein ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrite oxidoreductase, the essential enzyme complex of nitrite oxidizing membranes, was isolated from cells of the nitrifying bacterium Nitrobacter hamburgensis. The enzyme system was solubilized and purified in the presence of 0.25% sodium deoxycholate. Nitrite oxidoreductase oxidized nitrite to nitrate in the presence of ferricyanide. The pH optimum was 8.0, and the apparent K m value for nitrite amounted to 3.6 mM. With reduced methyl-and benzylviologen nitrite oxidoreductase exhibited nitrate reductase activity with an apparent K m value of 0.9 mM for nitrate. NADH was also a suitable electron donor for nitrate reduction. The pH optimum was 7.0. Treatment with SDS resulted in the dissociation into 3 subunits of 116,000, 65,000 and 32,000. The enzyme complex contained iron, molydbenum, sulfur and copper. A c-type cytochrome was present. Isolated nitrite oxidoreductase is a particle of 95±30 Å in diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454918
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structure of the knobby spore type of Streptomyces torulosus (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 138 (1984), S. 229-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Actinomycetes ; Streptomyces torulosus ; Morphology ; Ultrastructure ; Verrucate spores ; Knobby ornamentation ; Sheath
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The type strain of Streptomyces torulosus Lyons and Pridham (1971) was studied by scanning- and transmission electron microscope. Spore chains were formed in spirals by aerial mycelium. The spores were connected by nozzles in which small channels could be observed. The knobby ornamentations of the spores arised on a thin fibrous sheath, enveloping the spore chains. These irregular blunt projections, called knobs, had varying diameters of 100 to 250 nm. The base of the knob, consisting of globose to flattened electron dense material, was sitting directly on the sheath. It was covered by several small vesicles of the same material. Each hollow vesicle beared a thin bowlshaped shell of electron transparent material. In general, the cupular bowls and their supporting vesicles became easily depressed on their base, but not detached from the surface of the spores. This type of knobby spore ornamentation was suggested to be designated as a verrucate spore type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402126
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synaptology of the hypoglossal nucleus in the rat (1984)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 57 (1984), S. 22-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Synaptology ; Hypoglossal nucleus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to define the types and distribution of synaptic terminals in the hypoglossal nucleus (XII) of the rat. Based on differences in bouton and vesicle size and shape, synaptic specializations and association with postsynaptic organelles, five types of terminals were identified in XII. In order of decreasing frequency they were: 1) S-boutons (spherical vesicles with an asymmetrical synapse); 2) F-boutons (flattened vesicles with a symmetrical synapse); 3) P-boutons (pleomorphic admixture of flattened and spherical vesicles with a symmetrical synapse); 4) C-boutons (pleomorphic vesicles with a subsynaptic cistern); and 5) Tboutons (spherical vesicles with an asymmetrical synapse and subsynaptic dense bodies). S-boutons were the predominant type found on dendrites, while boutons containing flattened vesicles were more prevalent on motoneuron somata. C-boutons were restricted exclusively to cell bodies and large dendrites, and T-boutons were seen primarily on smaller dendritic profiles. These results are, in general, comparable to those previously described in the ventral horn and cranial nerve motor nuclei in several species. However, differences were noted. Specifically, large M-boutons and axo-axonic synapses were not observed in the present study. The functional significance of these findings are discussed in relation to oro-lingual behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231128
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    4-Ammopyridine-induced ultrastructural alterations of pinched-off nerve terminals from rat cerebral cortex (1984)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 54 (1984), S. 385-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Synaptosome ; 4-Aminopyridine ; Ultrastructure ; Exocytosis ; Recycling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pinched-off nerve terminals (synaptosomes) from rat cerebral cortex were depolarized with 60 mM KCl and treated with 20 mM 4-aminopyridine in order to evaluate ultrastructural alterations. The empty presynaptic terminals were counted and their number was given as a percentage of the normal terminals. The proportion of empty terminals increased from 10.47±1.56% to 32.45±1.88% (P 〈 0.001) following treatment with 20 mM 4-aminopyridine. This effect of 4-aminopyridine depended on the presence of Ca++ in the incubation medium. The results are discussed in terms of facilitation by 4-aminopyridine of exocytotic transmitter release. We think that the increase of the empty synaptosomes was due to the exhaustion or inhibition of the synaptic vesicle recycling mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236242
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mammosomatotroph hyperplasia associated with acromegaly and hyperprolactinemia in a patient with the McCune-Albright syndrome (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 403 (1984), S. 77-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Acromegaly ; hyperprolactinemia ; McCune-Albright syndrome ; pathology ; Pituitary ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An 11-year-old girl, with the McCune-Albright syndrome, exhibited fibrous dysplasia of several bones, skin pigmentation, precocious puberty, growth hormone hypersecretion, acromegaly and hyperprolactinemia. Histologic, immunocytologic and ultrastructural investigation of the surgically-removed pituitary showed massive mammosomatotroph hyperplasia. Since no adenoma was found, the abundance of these bihormonal cells, capable of producing both growth hormone and prolactin, was implicated in the causation of growth hormone and prolactin excess. Somatoliberin overproduction and/or somatostatin and dopamine deficiency could not account for the hypophysial abnormality, since changes in secretory rates of these hypothalamic hormones would lead to proliferation of mature somatotrophs and lactotrophs, rather than mammosomatotrophs. In our patient, a congenital hypothalamic malfunction might have been accompanied by hypersecretion of an unidentified releasing factor, resulting in pathologic differentiation of the pituitary and mammosomatotroph hyperplasia. Alternatively, mammosomatotroph hyperplasia may have been due to an inherent genetic or embryonic defect affecting primarily the pituitary. According to this interpretation, the pituitary lesion represented yet another developmental error in the setting of the McCune-Albright syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689340
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Herpes oesophagitis (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 404 (1984), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Oesophagitis ; Herpetic cell change ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultra-thin sections obtained from routine biopsy specimens and cytological smears of 3 cases, together with one autopsy case suggestive of herpes oesophagitis, clearly demonstrate herpes viruses. The infected epithelial cells reveal different stages of virus replication and propagation. Cowdry A type inclusion bodies, however, representing early alterations in the course of infection are less frequent. Ground-glass looking nuclei of light microscopical balloon cells and infected multinuclear giant cells of epithelial origin are characteristic changes of the late ulcerative stage of herpes oesophagitis usually seen at the time of detection. These typical virus induced cell changes are mostly to be found at the ulcers edge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00704062
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma in the maxilla, malignant transformation of ameloblastic fibroma (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 404 (1984), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma ; Histogenesis ; Histopathology ; Ultrastructure ; Fatal case
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report presents a fatal case of ameloblastic fibrosarcoma arising from an ameloblastic fibroma, originating in the maxilla of 19-year-old Japanese male. An analysis of previously reported fatal cases of ameloblastic fibrosarcoma is included. In the course of the disease, the mesenchymal component of ameloblastic fibroma showed a dramatic histopathological transformation into sarcoma following multiple recurrence and the patient died of uncontrollable local infiltration of the cranial base. Although many cases have seemed to show disappearance of the epithelial component as malignant transformation progressed, many benign appearing ameloblastoid epithelial masses were scattered throughout the sarcomatous area even in the fatal stage in the present case. No distant metastases were found at autopsy. During multiple recurrences of the lesion, a little dysplastic dentin which was closely associated with both epithelial and mesenchymal components was found, though it could not be observed in autopsy material. Ultrastructural findings in autopsy material showed that the mesenchymal component consisted of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, fibroblastic and fibrocytic cells with marked cellular and nuclear pleomorphism and that the epithelial component closely resembled the enamel organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694891
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurogenic sarcomas in patients with neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease) (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 403 (1984), S. 361-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Neurofibrosarcomas ; Neurogenic sarcomas ; Von Recklinghausen's disease ; Malignant schwannomas ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirteen soft tissue neurogenic sarcomas from twelve patients with neurofibromatosis (Von Recklinghausen's disease) were ultrastructurally examined. Electron microscopic studies revealed a wide spectrum of morphological manifestations varying from schwannian to fibroblastic, histiocytic, fibrohistiocytic and relatively undifferentiated cellular proliferations. A similar variation on light microscopic appearances has been previously reported in these neurogenic sarcomas. Neurogenic sarcomas occurring in patients with neurofibromatosis (Von Recklinghausen's disease), represent a heterogenous group of neoplasms with various patterns of differentiation identified ultrastructurally. The morphologic expressions of these neurogenic neoplasms can be conceptualized as a disorderly growth of the various peripheral nerve cellular components, or, as has been previously suggested, as a result of the multipotential nature and metaplastic ability of Schwann cells. S-100 protein immunohistochemistry was only positive in those neoplasms ultrastructurally proven to represent schwannian cellular proliferations. This study serves to document the range of fine structure that may be found in neurogenic sarcomas, to correlate the ultrastructural findings with the light microscopic appearance of these tumors, to determine the specificity of the electron microscopic findings, and immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein and assess their possible value in differential diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00737286
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural observations on the histogenesis of localized fibrous tumours of the pleura (benign mesothehoma) (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 403 (1984), S. 413-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Localized fibrous tumour of the pleura ; Benign mesothelioma ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five localized fibrous tumours of the pleura (benign mesothelioma) were studied ultrastructurally in order to elucidate their histogenesis. The histological subtypes of this benign fibrous lesion of the visceral pleura, i.e. the cellular, the collagenous, and the hyaline, were separately analysed. The tumours are composed of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, intermediate and differentiated fibroblasts as well as collagenous interstitial tissue. The varying distribution of these cell elements account for the various histological subtypes. Morphological similarities between the mesenchymal tumour cells and the superficial mesothelial cells, which are always separated from the true tumour tissue by an intact basement membrane, were not observed. The different cellular elements can be regarded as parts of a continuous spectrum of cytodifferentiation, in which the mature fibroblasts are derived via intermediate forms from the undifferentiated cells. It is concluded that the localized fibrous tumours of the pleura arise from immature mesenchymal stem cells, which seems to be normally found in the submesothelial layer of the visceral pleura.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00737290
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycerol effects on the transport of macromolecules in the lateral cochlear wall (1984)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 239 (1984), S. 49-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Glycerol ; Inner ear ; Ultrastructure ; Cellular and paracellular transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect has been studied of intravenously administered glycerol on paracellular and cellular transport of macromolecular HRP tracer in the lateral cochlear wall. The findings indicate osmotically induced diffusion phenomena by the opening of shunt pathways through junctional complexes in the stria vascularis. Vesicular transport is accelerated, direction of transport however is not affected by the changed osmolality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454262
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of heart muscle in short-term diabetic rats: influence of insulin treatment (1984)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 27 (1984), S. 397-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; heart muscle ; streptozotocin ; short-term diabetes ; insulin treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of myocardium was examined in short-term diabetic rats. Morphometric analysis showed the volume of myocytic mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets to be significantly increased compared with those of control animals. Further measurements of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum indicated that the augmentation of these compartments was accountable by the enlargement of pre-existing mitochondria, which were swollen, and of pre-existing tubules of sarcoplasmic reticulum, the lumen of which was dilated. After insulin treatment the morphological changes were returned to normal which indicates that they were not due to the toxic effect of streptozotocin but were caused by the diabetic state per se. This suggestion is further supported by the finding that experimentally induced metabolic acidosis without diabetes did not cause any morphologically detectable changes in the heart muscle. It is concluded that short-term diabetes in the rat causes mitochondrial swelling, dilatation of sarcoplasmic reticulum and accumulation of lipid in cardiac myocytes, and that these changes are preventable with insulin treatment. We suggest that insulin may have an important role in the maintenance of metabolism in heart muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304857
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carcinoid tumor of the uterine cervix (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 402 (1984), S. 331-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Carcinoid ; Uterine cervix ; Histopathology ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of carcinoid tumor of the uterine cervix is reported. The patient was a 76-year-old Japanese woman with a complaint of vaginal bleeding. She was clinically diagnosed as stage IVb carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Light microscopically, the tumor was characterized by formation of solid cell nests and, in limited areas, glandular structures. The tumor cells in solid cells nests showed positive argyrophil reaction but were negative for argentaffin reaction. At the ultrastructural level, the cytoplasm of the tumor cells contain numerous neurosecretory granules, microfilaments and well-developed Golgi complexes. On the bases of histochemical and electron microscopic features of tumor cells, the tumor was diagnosed as carcinoid tumor of the uterine cervix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695086
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural aspects of the histogenesis of diffuse and localized mesothelioma (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 402 (1984), S. 373-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Mesothelioma ; Histogenesis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary During an ultrastructural review of 30 diffuse and 10 localized mesotheliomas, it was apparent that some micrographs showed various stages in the developmental processes involved in the formation of histological patterns in diffuse mesotheliomas and a histogenetic link between diffuse and localized mesotheliomas. Cells in the stromal or sarcomatous regions of diffuse mesothelioma often show varying degrees of mesothelial differentiation and a gradual transition to cells with typical mesothelial characteristics that organize into structures recapitulating the surface layer of serosal membranes. Tumor cells in localized mesotheliomas had many similarities to the “stromal” cells in the diffuse counterpart including intercellular junctions, rare microvilli and occasional foci of basal lamina. It is postulated that diffuse and localized mesotheliomas share a common histogenetic origin as a result of neoplastic induction of specialized submesothelial cells. In this concept, tumor cells in diffuse mesotheliomas reflect stages in the differentiation and organization of normal serosal membranes and localized mesotheliomas mirror the earliest phases of this process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00734635
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atypical germ cells of the testis (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 402 (1984), S. 439-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Atypical germ cells ; Carcinoma in situ of the testis ; Normal germ cells ; Ultrastructure ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is uncertain whether the so called intratubular atypical germ cells (carcinoma in situ cells) demonstrable in the testicular tissue around different germ cell tumors and in testicular biopsies of patients with impaired fertility are identical with regard to their morphology and further development. Thus atypical germ cells of 18 patients with testicular germ cell tumors and of 3 patients with atypical germ cells in testicular biopsies without tumor were studied by electron microscopy and/or by immunohistochemistry. The atypical germ cells show characteristic alterations distinguishing them from normal germ cells, especially spermatogonia. However, there are no differences between atypical germ cells in the above mentioned groups. Immunohistochemical reactions are negative with anti-alpha-fetoprotein and anti-beta-human-chorionic-gonadotropin, but 6 of the 15 cases are positive with antiferritin. However, this positive reaction occurs in cases in different diagnostic groups. Atypical germ cells of the different groups cannot be distinguished by electron microscopy or immunohistochemical methods, but further investigations vestigations, including cell cultures, may provide more information.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00734640
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural analysis of human proximal tubules and cortical interstitium in chronic renal disease (Hydronephrosis) (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 402 (1984), S. 209-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Proximal tubule ; Atrophy ; Cortical interstitium ; Human nephropathy ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A systematic ultrastructural analysis of proximal tubule atrophy and cortical interstitial changes was carried out in human chronic nephropathy. The investigation was based on human hydronephrotic kidneys, which had been surgically removed and subsequently perfusion-fixed for light and electron microscopy. Normal kidney tissue, which was derived from nephrectomy specimens with pathological changes confined to part of the kidney or to the renal pelvis, was used for control material. A slight degree of proximal tubule atrophy was characterized by reduction of mitochondria and basolateral membranes, enlargement of large endocytic vacuoles and increased numbers of lysosomes containing lamellar material. In moderate atrophy these changes were further accentuated, and in addition there was an increasing loss of microvilli and a reduction of endocytic invaginations and small endocytic vacuoles. In severe atrophy all types of organelles were sparse and the architecture of the tubule cells greatly simplified. A distinctive feature of atrophic tubules was the presence in the tubule cells of large bundles of actin-like filaments, which were often associated with outpouchings of basal cell parts and basement membrane. The reduction of mitochondria and basolateral cell membranes and the changes of endocytic vacuoles and lysosomes indicate that proximal tubule atrophy also in early stages may be associated with impairment of tubular transport processes. Comparisons with previous observations in various types of experimentally induced tubule cell degeneration and with the ultrastructure of regenerating proximal tubule cells provide some evidence that degenerative changes as well as imperfect regeneration of tubule cells may contribute to the alterations of ultrastructure in tubular atrophy. It is suggested that changes of the cortical interstitium may be of pathogenic importance for the progression of tubular atrophy by altering the spatial relationships between tubules and capillaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695077
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of gill epithelial cells of Diopatra neapolitana (Annelida, Polychaeta) (1984)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 104 (1984), S. 304-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Gills ; Epithelial cells ; Polychaeta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of gill epidermal cells of Diopatra neapolitana and their relationship with blood spaces are described. The existence of a basal infolding complex, related to the blood spaces, is also reported. A possible involvement of these cells in osmoregulation and ion interchange, apart from their well-known role in respiration, is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312012
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural morphometry of collagen from lamina propria during experimental oral carcinogenesis and chronic inflammation (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 107 (1984), S. 183-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Collagen ; Stereology ; Oral carcinogenesis ; Inflammation ; Ultrastructure ; Lamina propria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Stereological point-counting methods were used to determine the volumetric alterations in collagen from the lamina propria immediately beneath the epithelial-connective tissue junction in hamster check-pouch mucosa treated with the chemical carcinogen DMBA. In addition, a non-neoplastic inflammatory control was evaluated in which a delayed hypersensitivity reaction was induced by the contact-sensitising agent DNCB. DMBA-treated tissues were assigned to histopathologically defined hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma stages. The volume densities of collagen present in unit volume of extracellular lamina propria were found to decrease progressively and significantly in DMBA-treated tissues when compared with values obtained from normal untreated mucosa. Values from the inflammatory control were comparable with those from the dysplasia stage of carcinogenesis. The mechanisms responsible for these decreases in collagen volume density are unknown, but contributory factors might include collagen destruction by enzymes originating in either the epithelium or the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate, dilution of collagen produced by inflammatory oedema or alterations in the synthetic capabilities of fibroblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01032605
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  • 34
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    Electronic Resource
    Unequal distribution of plastids during generative cell formation in Impatiens (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 305-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Impatiens ; Microspore mitosis ; Plastid distribution ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the unequal distribution of plastids in the developing microspores of Impatiens walleriana and Impatiens glandulifera which leads to the exclusion of plastids from the generative cell. During the development from young microspore to the onset of mitosis a change in the organization of the cytoplasm and distribution of organelles is gradually established. This includes the formation of vacuoles at the poles of the elongate-shaped microspores, the movement of the nucleus to a position near the microspore wall in the central part of the cell, and the accumulation of the plastids to a position near the wall at the opposite side of the cell. In Impatiens walleriana, the accumulated plastids are separated from each other by ER cisterns, and some mitochondria are also accumulated. In both Impatiens species, the portion of the microspore in which the generative cell will be formed is completely devoid of plastids at the time mitosis starts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267882
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stromal cells of the fibroadenoma of the human breast (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 404 (1984), S. 7-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Fibroadenoma ; Stromal cells ; Actin ; Ultrastructure ; Myofibroblast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fourteen fibroadenomas of the human breast were examined by light and electron microscopy, and by immunohistochemistry for actin. They were classified into 3 groups according to their stromal patterns; myxoid, fibrous-cellular and sclerotic. Actin immunohistochemistry revealed that the stromal areas were strongly positive in the fibrous-cellular group and weakly positive in the myxoid and sclerotic groups. By electron microscopy the stromal cells in most cases of the myxoid and fibrous-cellular groups were fibroblasts, containing varying amounts of microfilaments, 5–7 nm in diameter (actin type filaments). However, a dense body was not usually present suggesting these stromal cells were variants of myofibroblasts. The amount of microfilaments in fibroblasts was greater in the fibrous-cellular group than in the myxoid group. This was consistent with the results of actin immunohistochemistry. In 3 cases of the fibrous-cellular group peculiar structures simulating Z-lines of striated muscles were noted in some stromal cells. Since no myosin filaments were detected, they were regarded as intermediate structures between Z-lines of striated muscles and dense bodies of smooth muscles. In the sclerotic group, stromal fibroblasts were sparse and had fewer organelles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00704246
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  • 36
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    Electronic Resource
    A morphometric study on the ultrastructure of well-differentiated tumours and inflammatory mucosa of the human urinary bladder (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 405 (1984), S. 25-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Morphometry ; Human bladder tumour ; Human chronic cystitis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations were performed on well-differentiated tumours and chronic cystitis in the human urinary bladder. SEM showed that the pleomorphic microvilli were present not only on the luminal surface of the tumour but also on the surface of inflammatory mucosa. The ultrastructure of six tumours and 5 cases of chronic cystitis was evaluated morphometrically. Bladder tumour and inflammatory mucosa were divided into several layers, namely outermost cells (S), subsurface cells just beneath these (S1), subsurface cells of 2 or 3 layers below (S23), intermediate cells of 2 or 3 layers above the basal cells (123), intermediate cells just above the basal cells (I1) and basal cells (Ba). Areas of nucleus, cytoplasm and cytoplasmic organelles, numbers of nucleoli, nuclear bodies, mitochondria and lysosomes together with irregularity of the cell and nucleus were estimated according to the methods of Weibel. A multi-variate analysis of variance on these variables showed that the above subdivision of layers was necessary for the comparison of tumour and inflammation. Discriminant analysis showed various differences between tumour and inflammatory mucosa. The results indicated that the Ba layer is the most effective site for differentiating the tumour from inflammation. Ba cells with large and irregular cytoplasm with an enlarged Golgi area, accompanied by many vacuolar structures, may be indicative of tumour rather than inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694923
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palmar fibromatosis (Dupuytren's contracture) (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 405 (1984), S. 41-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Fibromatosis ; Dupuytren's contracture ; Myofibroblast ; Ultrastructure ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Forty three cases of palmar fibromatosis were studied by light and electron microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, and ultrastructural immunohistochemistry. By electron microscopy most of the cells composing the nodules in both the proliferative and the involutional stages were identical to myofibroblasts. The myofibroblasts in the involutional nodules often possessed microfilament aggregates probably representing contraction of micro(actin)fllaments in the cytoplasm. The proliferative nodules revealed small perivascular haemorrhages and haemosiderin deposits accompanied by accumulation of macrophages and some lymphocytes; these inflammatory cells possibly secrete a certain growth factor inducing proliferation of genetically abnormal fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Diaminopeptidase IV was detected in myofibroblasts and fibroblasts by enzyme histochemistry and ultrastructural immunohistochemistry; the enzyme may play a role in the metabolism of intercellular substances. Some perivascular mesenchymal cells, interpreted as variants of myofibroblasts, had moderate activity of alkaline phosphatase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694924
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of gossypol on bull spermatozoa in vitro (1984)
    Springer
    Urological research 12 (1984), S. 187-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Gossypol ; Bull spermatozoa ; Motility ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Gossypol acetic acid in a concentration of 1,000 μg/ml solvent is able to immobilize 1 ml of native bull semen (sperm concentration: 8.5×108/ml; motility rate: 87.4%) within 30 min. After GAA treatment the spermatozoa show severe morphological damage on the membrane system, on the acrosomal complex and on the tubular complex of the end piece. The working mechanism of GAA can be assumed to be inactivation of enzyme activities or in direct reactions with plasma membrane material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00255921
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  • 39
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    Electronic Resource
    Esthesioneuroblastoma: Ultrastructural, immunohistological and biochemical investigation of one case (1984)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 239 (1984), S. 133-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Esthesioneuroblastoma ; Intermediate filaments ; Secretory granules ; Ultrastructure ; Immunohistology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of esthesioneuroblastoma, the pathological diagnosis of which almost always causes great difficulties, was investigated ultrastructurally, biochemically, and immunohistologically, using antibodies against the five known types of intermediate filaments [keratin, vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilaments]. The tumour cells did not react with antibodies against any of the five intermediate filament proteins. Ultrastructural investigations showed dense cored secretory granules in the cytoplasm and cell processes. Thus, immunohistology offers by “exclusion” a differential diagnosis to avoid often misdiagnosed tumours (undifferentiated carcinomas, embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, and malignant lymphomas), since carcinomas react with antikeratin, embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas with antibodies to desmin and malignant lymphomas show immunofluorescence with antibodies to vimentin. The biological behaviour (age distribution, tendency to metastasize), the normal values of biochemical parameters, homovanillic acid and vanilmandelic acid (HVA, VMA), and the absence of neurofilaments distinguish this type of tumour from the peripheral sympathetic neuroblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00463554
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  • 40
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    Electronic Resource
    The ultrastructure of experimental arthrosis in dogs (1984)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 7 (1984), S. 215-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Experimental arthrosis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auteurs ont réalisé une arthrose expérimentale chez le chien en injectant dans une articulation le liquide obtenu par ponction d'une autre articulation du même animal, dont le cartilage a été préalablement scarifié de façon aseptique. L'examen des surfaces articulaires en microscopie électronique montre des altérations dégénératives progressives au niveau de la matrice extra-cellulaire, des chondrocytes et de la membrane péri-cellulaire. Ces modifications augmentent après des injections répétées de liquide synovial. Dans une autre série d'animaux, on a injecté soit le culot de centrifugation, soit le surnageant et on a comparé les effets obtenus vis-à-vis des structures cellulaires et extra-cellulaires.
    Notes: Summary Experimental arthrosis was induced in previously healthy joints in a group of dogs by injection of fluid aspirated from another joint of the same animal previously damaged by trauma under sterile conditions. Using electron microscopy progressive degenerative changes were observed at the surface of the joint, in the extracellular matrix, in the chondrocytes and in the pericellular band. The changes increased following serial injections of the joint fluid. In another series, the joints were injected either with the centrifuged concentrate or the supernatant fluid and a comparison made of the contrasting effects upon the cellular and extracellular structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266830
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the ultrastructure ofFrankia sp. in root nodules ofDatisca cannabina L. (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 79 (1984), S. 383-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinorhizae ; Datisca cannabina ; Frankia ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodules ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The fine structures of the microsymbiont inside the root nodules ofDatisca cannabina have been studied by light, by transmission- and by scanning-electron microscopy. The endophyte is prokaryotic and actinomycetal in nature. The hyphae are septate and branched, diameter 0.3–0.5 μm. The tips of hyphae are swollen to form electron-dense, clubshaped to filamentous vesicles, ranging in diameter: 0.4–1.4 μm. The endophyte penetrates through walls of the cortial cells. The infected zone is kidney shaped and confined to one side of the acentric stele. The orientation of infection is reversed from other actinorhizae exceptCoriaria. The hyphae are near the host cell wall and vesicles are directed towards the central vacuole. Vesicles are aseptate and no collapsing of the vesicle cell wall (void area) has been observed. Vesicle clusters structures are globular with an opening at one side of the cluster. The host cell is multinucleate or contains a lobed nucleus. Groups of mitochondria are located in between the hyphae, suggesting a strong association between the host and the endophyte for energy supply and amino acid production. The consequences of the inability to separate the mitochondria from the vesicle clusters in nodule homogenates in physiological studies have been discussed. Isolated vesicles clusters showed dehydrogenase activity, indicated by the presence of formazan crystals, after incubation with NADH and NBT. Strongest reducing activity was found within the vesicles. The possible role of filamentous vesicles in nitrogen fixation has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184330
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of aeration status of nutrient solution on microorganisms, mucilage and ultrastructure of wheat roots (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 80 (1984), S. 381-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Aeration status ; Microorganisms ; Mucilage ; Rhizosphere ; Ultrastructure ; Wheat root
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Outer layers of wheat roots grown in aerated and unaerated nutrient solutions were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Root growth was considerably impaired in unaerated nutrient solution. In contrast to aerated roots, no mucilaginous layer but dense bacterial colonization were observed on the root caps of unaerated roots. The root cap mucilage had apparently been decomposed by the microorganisms. The peripheral root cap cells of the unaerated roots appeared to contain less cell organelles than those of the aerated roots, while the central cap cells and the meristematic cells of the root tip seemed not to be affected by lack of aeration. The bacterial population in the elongation, root hair, and lateral root zones, was also remarkably higher on roots grown in unaerated nutrient solution. In the lateral root zone of unaerated roots, even the cortical cells were invaded by bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02140045
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mycorrhizal improvement in non-leguminous nitrogen fixing associations with particular reference toHippophaë rhamnoides L. (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 78 (1984), S. 189-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Alnus Hippophaë ; Mycorrhiza ; Myrica ; Nitrogenase ; Phosphate ; Triple symbiosis ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The roots ofHippophaë rhamnoides which regularly bear actinomycete induced nodules when growing on Scottish sand dunes have also been found to support an endomycorrhizal association withGlomus fasciculatus. Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies carried out on the indigenous infections of establishedHippophaë mycorrhizal roots would support the postulate that transport is indeed occurring between the fungal symbiont and the host plant and vice versa in respect of phosphate and carbohydrate. Experiments using various inoculation regimes, demonstrated the significant improvement in the mycorrhizal/nodulated plants compared to the nodulated-only and the mycorrhizal-only plants with respect to plant growth, uptake of phosphate and nitrogenase activity, when grown in a medium poor in combined nitrogen and soluble phosphate. Preliminary work onAlnus andMyrica species growing in Central Scotland indicates that the mycorrhizae associated with these nodulated root systems exhibit a different interaction pattern which may be dependent on habitat type and associated angiosperm species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277850
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydration of propylene oxide using ion-exchange resin catalyst in a slurry reactor (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Kinetics of hydration of propylene oxide using an ion-exchange resin catalyst in a slurry reactor was studied. The kinetics of homogeneous, uncatalyzed reaction was studied separately and used to obtain heterogeneous reaction kinetics. The homogeneous reaction was found to be 0.43 order with respect to propylene oxide concentration. The heterogeneous reaction was found to have intraparticle diffusional resistance under certain conditions. The intrinsic kinetic parameters and effective diffusivity were obtained from these data. The heterogeneous reaction was found to be 0.55 order with respect to propylene oxide concentration. The activation energies obtained for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions were 51.5 and 53.4 kJ/mol, respectively. A theoretical model incorporating all the mass transfer resistances has been proposed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300102
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noncatalytic gas-solid reactions in a vertical pneumatic transport reactor (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 21-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A heterogeneous model is developed to account for noncatalytic gas-solid reactions in a vertical pneumatic transport reactor. The model takes into consideration both the positive and negative variations of the solid porosity and the variation of the gas diffusivity with the reaction. The method of lines utilizing the second order centered finite difference scheme for the spatial discretization is employed to obtain the model solution.Experiments utilizing a vertical pneumatic transport reactor of a laboratory scale are performed to study the reaction between limestone and sulfur dioxide generated from coal combustion. The reactor is of 16.2 cm ID and 610 cm in length. The experimental data for sulfur retention are reported for various superficial gas velocities and calcium-sulfur molar ratios. Verification of the model with experimental data is conducted. The agreement between the model prediction and experimental data is satisfactory.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300105
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of radially nonuniform distributions of catalytic activity on performance of spherical catalyst pellets (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 44-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The performance of spherical catalyst pellets with radially nonuniform distributions of activity is simulated under parallel reaction networks closely resembling hydrocarbon oxidation reactions. Both reaction paths are assumed to be exothermic with the desired path exhibiting lower activation energy requirements than the undesired one. It is shown that nonuniform activity distributions enhance effectiveness and selectivity over a large range of values of the Thiele modulus. Multiple steady states in effectiveness and selectivity are observed for certain values of the heat of reaction parameter.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300108
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  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative absorption of H2S and O2 by iron chelate solutions (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 62-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Hydrogen sulfide is oxidized to elemental sulfur by ferric ion chelated with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) in aqueous solution at pH 3.5 to 4.5. The reaction appears to be fast relative to gas- and liquid-phase diffusion, and the transfer of H2S from a gas stream is correlated well by the theory of absorption with instantaneous chemical reaction. The ferrous ion formed in this reaction may be reoxidized with oxygen absorbed from a stream of air. The presence of NTA catalyzes the reaction of O2 and Fe2+ in the same pH range, and diffusion is again controlling. Design calculations based on laboratory data for both absorption steps show that cocurrent gas-liquid contactors are advantageous for achieving high reaction rates (e.g., ∼99.99% H2S removal), high gas velocities (10 to 20 m/s), low pressure drops [1 to 3 kPa (10 to 30 cm H2O)], and moderate column heights (10 to 15 m).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300111
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition of systems of nonlinear algebraic equations (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 92-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new method for decomposing irreducible subsets, in the solution of systems of nonlinear algebraic equations, is presented. This method consists of two steps: (1) elimination of the nonlinearity from some of the equations by replacing nonlinear expressions by new variables; and (2) formulation of a problem of smaller dimension by tearing the linear subset of equations. It is shown that these modifications do not change considerably the convergence rate of the Newton-Raphson and Broyden's methods while reducing the problem's dimension. Computer time reduction up to 80% is demonstrated in the examples solved. An algorithm for elimination of nonlinear expressions, which uses Boolean matrices instead of formula manipulation, is also presented.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300114
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass transfer and pressure drop in a cocurrent reciprocating plate extraction column (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 120-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A 5-cm-diameter reciprocating plate extraction column has been operated in cocurrent flow. The pressure drop for water flow, and the local and average mass transfer products for the system acetic acid/kerosene/aqueous sodium hydroxide have been measured. Under well-agitated conditions, the mass average transfer product is predictable by a model, which is also applicable to data reported earlier by Karr for a 2.54-cm-diameter column.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300117
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of true moments from truncated data (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Moment analysis is a powerful tool in reactor bed analysis. Weighted moments is a technique which has been introduced to increase the accuracy of moment estimation. The supposed advantage of weighted moments is reevaluated utilizing an optimum truncation point. The resulting coefficient of variation in the moment estimates is shown to be superior to an arbitrary truncation point for all weighting factors. When an optimum truncation point is used, little advantage is observed for weighted moments.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300121
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of initial region of a double concentric jet (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 169-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300123
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  • 52
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    Electronic Resource
    Flow phenomena in porous media, by Robert A. Greenkorn, published by Marcell Dekker (1983), 560 pages, $75.00 (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 172-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300126
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  • 53
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    Electronic Resource
    Solid/liquid washing theory: Calculations for nonequilibrium stages (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Calculations for nonequilibrium stages were systematized via material balances for multicomponent mixing, which is applicable in the absence of sorption.The resulting treatment is quite complex with unequal stages but much simpler when the stages are equal. It allows solving complex solid/liquid washing problems from experimental simple washing data obtained with solute-free wash liquor.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300104
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  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bubble formation at vibrated orifices: Medium-chamber-volume region (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The bubble formation process at small, single, circular orifices at low gas flow rates is modified when the system is vertically vibrated in a sinusoidal fashion.For systems with significant gas chamber volume, bubble volume in the vibrated case is smaller than in the nonvibrated case. The vibrations increase the amount of liquid weeping through the orifice into the gas chamber. A simple inviscid model adequately predicts bubble formation in the medium-chamber-volume region at low values of amplitude and frequency of vibration and low viscosities. The boundaries of the transition from the FR ≫ 1 to the FR = 1 regions are described in terms of “the acceleration number/Eötvös number”.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300107
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  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rate processes in cycling a reversible gas-solid reaction (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 56-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Rate studies are reported of the effect of rehydration-dehydration cycling on the vapor hydration behavior of solid K2CO3. Isothermal rate data were obtained at different temperatures and water vapor pressures for the reaction of narrowlysized anhydrous particles. Effects of different particle preparation histories on the rehydration rate were investigated and correlations of rate with particle pore structure explored. Rehydration rates of dehydrated K2CO3·3/2H2O were found to depend on the conditions of the prior dehydration. Rehydration is comparatively very slow at relative pressures below P/Peq ≃ 1.5; rates increase linearly with pressure above P/Peq ≃ 3. Hydration rates of K2CO3 particles obtained as anhydrous are substantially slower than those of identically-sized crystals produced by prior dehydration of K2CO3·3/2H2O; after one rehydration-dehydration cycle, rehydration rates are increased by as much as two orders of magnitude and this distinction between sources virtually disappears. Diffusional resistances based on calculated water vapor diffusivities are qualitatively consistent with the observed effects of cycling but do not by themselves account fully for the observations.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300110
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  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling and simulation of an entrained flow coal gasifier (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 79-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the Texaco downflow entrained-bed pilot-plant gasifier using coal liquefaction residues and coal-water slurries as feedstocks. This model describes the physical and chemical processes occurring in an entrained coal gasifier. The gasification kinetics describes different complex reactions occurring in the gasifier and the hydrodynamics describes mass, momentum and energy balances for solid and gas phases. Temperature, concentration and velocity profiles along the reactor height were obtained by solving the mass, momentum and energy balances. Parameter studies were made to provide a better understanding of the reactor performance for various inlet feed conditions utilizing the model.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300113
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  • 57
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    Electronic Resource
    Antimisting action of polymeric additives in jet fuels (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 111-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polymeric solutes in jet fuel can serve to increase greatly the droplet size and reduce flammability in fuel sprays created by high-velocity wind shear. Photographic and spark-ignition studies show that high molecular weight polyisobutylenes can be effective at levels below 100 ppm, where they cause only slight increases in fuel viscosity. The effectiveness of the polymers increases with molecular weight and is very well correlated by the elongational viscosity of the solution, as measured by the ductless siphon height.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300116
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  • 58
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    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of critical properties with group contribution methods (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 137-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Currently available group-contribution methods for Tc, Pc, and Vc were evaluated using the Ambrose (1980) critical property data compilation. The Ambrose estimation methods were found to be the most accurate. Linear regression methods were also employed to develop alternate estimation methods which were found to have an accuracy comparable to those of Ambrose.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300119
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  • 59
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    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of aerosol collection in fluidized filter beds (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 156-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method is proposed for calculating aerosol collection in fluidized filter beds. The method employs the bubble assembly model of fluidization and considers the bed to be a series of compartments, each of which comprises two or three phases. Aerosol collection is assumed to occur in these phases in accordance with existing theories of particle deposition. The validity of the method is tested against available experimental data.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300122
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  • 60
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    Electronic Resource
    Hydrodynamics of cocurrent gas-liquid-solid semifluidization with a liquid as the continuous phase (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 288-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The hydrodynamic behavior of a cocurrent gas-liquid-solid semifluidized bed was investigated. A separate investigation was performed on a packed bed and a fluidized bed under gas-liquid flow conditions similar to that for the semifluidized bed. Parameters of the semifluidized bed under extensive study include pressure drop, gas holdup, onset liquid velocity for semifluidization, and the height of the packed bed section and the fluidized section. The pressure drop of the semi-fluidized bed obtained experimentally was compared favorably with that predicted by the model equations.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300218
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  • 61
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    Influence of particle size on the pressure fluctuations and slugging in a fluidized bed (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 513-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300331
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  • 62
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    Constrained control of an unstable biological reactor (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 520-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300333
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  • 63
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    A new integral approximation formula for kinetic analysis of nonisothermal TGA data (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 517-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300332
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  • 64
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    Supercritical fluid extraction with mixed solvents (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 522-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300334
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  • 65
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    Erratum (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 528-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300336
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  • 66
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    Letters to the editor (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 526-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300335
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  • 67
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    Masthead (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300401
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  • 68
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    Hydrodynamics of fluidization in a semicircular bed with a jet (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 529-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A hydrodynamic model of fluidization was developed that computes void fractions, pressure and solid and gas velocities in cylindrical fluidized beds. Cmputed time-averaged gas velocity distributions of a jet compared well with Westinghouse experimental data without the use of any fitted parameters. The main empirical input was a drag correlation from the literature.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300402
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  • 69
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    Electronic Resource
    Dimensionless presentation of performance data for fans and blowers (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 341-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300225
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  • 70
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    The principles of chemical equilibrium, 4th ed. by K. G. Denbigh, Cambridge University Press, 1981, 494 pages, $59.50 (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 350-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300227
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  • 71
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    Errata (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 351-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300230
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  • 72
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    Coiled configuration for flow inversion and its effect on residence time distribution (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 363-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Flatter velocity profiles and more uniform thermal environents are extremely desirous factors for improved performance in flow reactors and heat exchangers. One means of achieving this in laminar flow systems is to use mixers and flow inverters. These improve performance but at higher initial and operating costs. This paper introduces a new and more effective device for flow inversion which is achieved by changing the direction of centrifugal force in helically-coiled tubes. Transient response experiments carried out under the conditions of both negligible and significant molecular diffusion reveal drastic narrowing of the residence time distribution (RTD). The effectiveness of the present device can be assessed by the fact that even at a Dean number of 3 the value of dispersion number as low as 0.0013 is obtained under the condition of significant diffusion, and in the case of negligible diffusion the value of dimensionless time at which the first element of tracer appears at the outlet is as high as 0.85.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300303
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  • 73
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    Analysis of pressure fluctuations in a gas-solid fluidized bed (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 346-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300226
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  • 74
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    Electronic Resource
    Heat exchangers - theory and practice, J. Taborek, G. F. Hewitt, and N. Afgan, Editors Hemisphere Publishing Corp., Washington, D.C., 1983 992 pages, $69.95 (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 350-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300229
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  • 75
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    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous convective diffusion in films of polymeric solutions (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 353-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The process of gas absorption in freely falling films of dilute polymer solutions under different kinematic conditions shows some hitherto unreported and dramatic differences. The absorption rates are reduced when films are generated under rapid stretch conditions over axisymmetric bodies of revolution, whereas they are enhanced when films are generated in a long, wetted wall column. Absorption rates are enhanced on polymer addition in freely falling turbulent films. Possible mechanistic explanations have been offered for these phenomena.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300302
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  • 76
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    Stratified turbulent-turbulent gas-liquid flow in horizontal and inclined pipes (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 377-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A two-dimensional model for stratified turbulent-turbulent gas-liquid flow in inclined pipes is proposed. The gas phase is treated as bulk flow, but an exact solution is carried out for the liquid phase, applying the eddy viscosity theory to model the turbulent viscosity. The interfacial structure is taken into consideration using appropriate correlations for the interfacial shear stress. The model is capable of predicting the liquid velocity field, holdup and pressure drop given gas and liquid flow rates, physical properties, pipe size, and angle of inclination. The results are substantially better than the prediction of Lockhart and Martinelli (1949) correlation and better than the Taitel and Dukler (1976) model for stratified flow.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300305
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  • 77
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    Electronic Resource
    Low-density polyethylene vessel reactors: Part I: Steady state and dynamic modelling (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 401-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: By the use of a perfectly mixed model and an imperfectly mixed one for lowdensity polyethylene vessel reactors, we show that increases in the initiator consumption with polymerization temperature are due to mixing limitations at the initiator feed. With all its parameters independently estimated, the imperfectly mixed model provides an excellent agreement with experimental data for several initiators, feed flow rates and polymerization pressures. In the temperature region of industrial interest for each type of initiator, the open-loop reactor dynamics drastically change from open-loop unstable, at low temperatures, to open-loop stable at high polymerization temperatures.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300308
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  • 78
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    Anodic protection, by Olen L. Riggs, Jr. and Carl E. Locke, Plenum Press, New York, 1981, 284 pages $39.50 (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 350-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300228
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  • 79
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    Electronic Resource
    Gels as size selective extraction solvents (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 578-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We have successfully used cross-linked, partially-hydrolyzed, polyacrylamide gels to concentrate solutions of high molecular weight solutes. The gels are sizeselective, concentrating solutes whose diameter exceeds 3 nm. They can be easily regenerated by means of pH-induced changes in gel swelling; this regeneration is consistent with that inferred from existing theories of gel swelling. The resulting separation process is a good alternative to ultrafiltration.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300408
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  • 80
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    Mathematical modelling of the ligand exchange process (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 494-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300324
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  • 81
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    Turbulence and surface renewal at the clean surface of a stirred vessel (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 502-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300327
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  • 82
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    Electronic Resource
    Noncatalytic coal char gasification (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 583-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A simple particle model is used to interpret differential thermogravimetric data taken on the gasification of coal/char with CO2, H2 and H2O. The model takes into account the major physical factors which influence the gasification rate, viz., the changing magnitudes of surface area, porosity, activation energy and effective diffusivity during gasification. Specific reaction rate constants based on surface area and activation energies are extracted from the data. Practical criteria for regimes of reaction rate and diffusion control and for particle isothermality are developed. For isothermal particles at low classical Thiele moduli, the data can be correlated with only one parameter, which has a simple physical interpretation.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300409
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  • 83
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    Finishing stages of PET synthesis: A comprehensive model (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 415-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A comprehensive mathematical model for the finishing stages of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) synthesis is developed. The model takes into account the variables which have significant influences on polymerization but have not been hitherto taken into account, e.g., changing interfacial concentration and the presence of side reactions. The model is applicable to industrial polymerizations, and the predictions agree well with the literature and with certain pilot-plant and commercial data.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300310
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  • 84
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    Electronic Resource
    Gas-particle mass transfer in trickle beds (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 500-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300326
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  • 85
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    Electronic Resource
    A largrangian finite element method for the simulation of flow of Newtonian liquids (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 507-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300329
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  • 86
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    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis and solution of systems of algebraic design equations (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 609-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new method for expressing the structure of a system of equations is developed using a type of occurrence matrix entitled the functionality matrix. The functionality matrix indicates not only the occurrence of variables in equations but also the functional form in which they occur. Since the difficulty of solving an equation for a variable is related to its functional form, analysis of the functionality matrix provides explicit information on the difficulty of solution of the solution of the equation.A methodology for the solution of design problems by digital computers is described. This methodology operates on the functionality matrix which describes the set of design equations. Algorithms using this methodology interact and guide the designer in an efficient selection of design variables and redundant equations. Once design variables and redundant equations are selected, a computational method is presented for ordering and solving the equations.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300412
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  • 87
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    Lateral migration of a rigid sphere in torsional flow of a viscoelastic fluid (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 631-636 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A single polystyrene sphere of radius a, between 141 and 275 micron, when in jected into a disk-plate (torsional) flow of polybutene (viscosity 36 poise, Mn ∼680), migrates radially inward at a rate that is dramatically increased by dissolving 1% of a high-molecular-weight polyisobutylene (Mv ∼106) to make the fluid viscoelastic. The torsional flow field was created by rotating a 21-cm-diameter disk at a rate ω of 6-9 rpm with a gap H of 3.7-5.4 mm between this and a ground glass plate with the fluid in the gap. Lateral migration toward a lower shear rate increased with increasing shear rate and with increasing shear rate gradient in the manner predicted by Brunn (1976) or Chan and Leal (1977). Shear rates up to 25 s-1 were investigated. Below a shear rate of 8 s-1 the radial migration velocity is of the form vr = - L(ωa/H)2r, where L is a positive constant containing the fluid properties, and r is the radial position of the particle.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300414
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  • 88
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    Electronic Resource
    Coalescence time for a small drop or bubble at a fluid-fluid interface (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 622-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: When a small drop or bubble is driven through a liquid phase to a fluid-fluid interface, a thin liquid film which forms between them drains, until an instability forms and coalescence occurs. Lin and Slattery (1982b) developed a hydrodynamic theory for the first portion of this coalescence process: the drainage of the thin liquid film which occurs while it is sufficiently thick that the effects of London-van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces can be ignored. Here we extend their theory to include the effects of the London-van der Waals forces. To simplify the analysis, we follow the suggestion of Buevich and Lipkina (1975, 1978) in developing an expression for the rate of thinning at the rim or barrier ring of the draining film. A linear stability analysis permits us to determie the coalescence time or the elapsed time between the formation of a dimpled film and its rupture at the rim.For comparison, this same linear stability analysis is applied to the thinning equations developed by MacKay and Mason (1963) for the plane parallel disc model and by Hodgson and Woods (1969) for the cylindrical drop model.For all three models, our linear stability estimate for the coalescence time tc is in better agreement with the available experimental data than is the elapsed time t∞ between the formation of a dimpled film and its drainage to zero thickness at the rim in the absence of instabilities.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300413
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    Analysis of gas-solid reactions with zero-order dependency on gas and solid: Concept of jumping reaction zones (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 637-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300415
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  • 90
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    Flow and dispersive behaviours of cylindrical pellet string reactor (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 639-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300416
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  • 91
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    A general empirical relationship between tracer or self-diffusion coefficients of liquids and pressure (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 641-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300417
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  • 92
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    Single-pellet reactor for bidisperse porous catalysts (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 646-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300419
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  • 93
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    Reconstruction of oil saturation distribution histories during immiscible liquid-liquid displacement by computer-assisted tomography (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 642-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300418
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  • 94
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    Multiplicity and instability of states for isothermal homogeneous reactions in CSTR: Case of autocatalysis (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 649-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300420
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  • 95
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    Turbulent axial dispersion coefficients in the liquid in a two-phase bubble column (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 654-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300421
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  • 96
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    Curve-Fitting monotonic functions (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 657-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300422
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  • 97
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    Analytical solution for a first-order reaction in a packed bed with diffusion (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 660-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300423
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  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A group contribution molecular model of liquids and solutions part III: Groups and interactions in aromatics, cycloparaffins, ethers amines, and their solutions (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 662-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300424
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blade-coating equations for a knife blade and a round obstruction (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 666-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300425
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple models for nonideal vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 30 (1984), S. 669-672 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690300426
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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