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  • 1955-1959  (4)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1915-1919
  • gene transfer  (4)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transgenic barley by particle bombardment. Inheritance of the transferred gene and characteristics of transgenic barley plants (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): gene transfer ; Hordeum vulgare ; neomycin phosphotransferase II ; particle bombardment ; transgenic barley
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Transgenic barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Kymppi) were obtained by particle bombardment of various tissues. Immature embryos and microspore-derived cultures were bombarded with gold particles coated with plasmid DNA carrying the gene coding for neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII), together with plasmid DNA containing the gene for β-glucuronidase (GUS). Bombarded immature embryos were grown to plants without selection and NPTII activity was screened in small plantlets. One plant proved to be transgenic (T0). This chimeric plant passed the transferred nptII gene to its T1 progeny. The presence of the nptII gene was demonstrated by the PCR technique and enzyme activity was analyzed by an NPTII gel assay. Four T0 spikes and 15 T1 offspring were transgenic. The integration and inheritance was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. Transgenic T2 and T3 plants were produced by isolating embryos from green grains of transgenic T1 and T2 plants, respectively and growing them to plants. After selfing, the ratio of transgenic to non-transgenic T2 offspring was shown to follow the rule of Mendelian inheritance. The general performance of transgenic plants was normal and no reduction in fertility was observed. Microspore-derived cultures were bombarded one and four weeks after microspore isolation. After bombardment, cultures were grown either with or without antibiotic selection (geneticin R or kanamycin). When cultures were grown without selection and regenerated plants were transferred to kanamycin selection in rooting phase, one out of a total of about 1500 plants survived. This plant both carried and expressed the transferred nptII gene. The integration was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. This plant was not fertile.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023933
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Shoot apical meristems as a target for gene transfer by microballistics (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): meristem ; shoot apex ; ballistic microtargeting ; gene transfer ; wheat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The classical approach of gene transfer to a given plant species delivers the foreign gene to transformable cells and then puts the effort into generating plants. This approach is very difficult in many important crop plants, including cereals, and the results of regeneration are very genotype-dependent. In contrast, we use regenerable cells and try to transform them. Shoot apical meristems provide a tissue which regenerates in situ a fertile plant for most given genotypes or species. Transformation of meristem cells may lead to transgenic sectors in chimeras. These sectors may contribute to the gametes and, thus, to transgenic offspring, which then should be homohistonts and not sectorial chimeras like their parents. Our model plant for these studies is wheat. Microtargeting is a ballistic approach which is particularly suitable for the controlled delivery of microprojectiles to meristem cells in situ (Sautter et al., 1991). We summarize in this paper our experience with ballistic microtargeting of transgenes to wheat shoot apical meristem cells in situ.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023929
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The sulphur-rich Brazil nut 2S albumin is specifically formed in transgenic seeds of the grain legume Vicia narbonensis (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 181-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Vicia narbonensis ; gene transfer ; gene expression ; seeds ; 2S albumin ; methionine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Epicotyl explants were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA101 to transfer a chimeric 2S albumin gene construct carried in the binary Ti plasmid vectors pGSGLUC1 or pGA472 into the grain legume Vicia narbonensis. This gene encoding the sulphur-rich Brazil nut albumin was under the control of either the CaMV 35S promoter which permits gene expression in all organs, or the Vicia faba legumin B4 promoter which elicits seed-specific gene expression. After callus formation and selection for kanamycin resistance, somatic embryos were induced which, in the case of transformation with the vector pGSGLUC1, were screened for GUS activity. Embryos that produced GUS were in addition analysed for 2S albumin formation. Selected transgenic embryos were cloned by multiple shoot regeneration. Rooted and fertile plants were obtained by grafting transgenic shoots on the appropriate seedlings. R1 and R2 generations were raised and analysed for GUS as well as 2S albumin gene expression. Expression of the 35S promoter/2S albumin gene fusion took place in all organs of the transgenic plants including the cotyledons of seeds, whereas seed-specific gene expression was found in transformants with the legumin promoter/2S albumin gene fusion. The 2S albumin accumulated in the 2S protein fraction of transgenic seeds and its primary translation product was processed into the 9 and 3 kDa polypeptide chains. The foreign protein was localised in the protein bodies of the grain legume. Analysis of the R2 plants indicated Mendelian inheritance of the 2S albumin gene. In homozygous V. narbonensis plants the amounts of 2S albumin were twice that present in the corresponding heterozygous plants. Whereas only low level formation of the foreign protein was achieved if the gene was under the control of the 35S promoter, approximately 3.0% of the soluble seed protein was 2S albumin if seed-specific gene expression was directed by the legumin B4 promoter. Some of these transformants exhibited a three-fold increase in the methionine content of the salt-soluble protein fraction extracted from seeds.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023947
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Strategies for variety-independent genetic transformation of important cereals, legumes and woody species utilizing particle bombardment (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 13-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): gene transfer ; crop species ; particle bombardment ; transgenic plants ; cereals ; legumes ; woody plants
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The limiting component in the creation of transgenic crops has been the lack of effective means to introduce foreign genes into elite germplasm. However, the development of novel direct DNA transfer methodology, by-passing limitations imposed by Agrobacterium-host specificity and cell culture constraints, has allowed the engineering of almost all major crops, including formerly recalcitrant cereals, legumes and woody species. The creation of transgenic rice, wheat, maize, barley, oat, soybean, phaseolus, peanut, poplar, spruce, cotton and others, in an efficient and in some cases, variety-independent fashion, is a significant step towards the routine application of recombinant DNA methodology to the improvement of most important agronomic crops. In this review we will focus on key elements and advantages of particle bombardment technology in order to evaluate its impact on the accelerated commercialization of products based on agricultural biotechnology and its utility in studying basic plant developmental processes and function through transgenesis. Fundamental differences between conventional gene transfer methods, utilizing Agrobacterium vectors or protoplast/suspension cultures, and particle bombardment will be discussed in depth.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023926
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