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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and nutrient uptake of sorghum cultivated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza isolates at varying pH (1994)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 4 (1994), S. 185-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words: Dry matter yields – Sand culture – Shoot concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn –Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. This study was conducted to determine the effects of different pH regimes on root colonization with four vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) isolates, and VAM effects on host plant growth and nutrient uptake. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was grown at pH 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0 (±0.1) in hydroponic sand culture with the VAM isolates Glomus etunicatum UT316 (isolate E), G. intraradices UT143 (isolate I), G. intraradices UT126 (isolate B), and an unknown Glomus isolate with no INVAM number (isolate A). Colonization of roots with the different VAM isolates varied differentially with pH. As pH increased, root colonization increased with isolates B and E, remained unchanged with isolate I, and was low at pH 4.0 and high at pH 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0 with isolate A. Isolates E and I were more effective than isolates A and B in promoting plant growth irrespective of pH. Root colonization with VAM appeared to be independent of dry matter yields or dry matter yield responsiveness (dry matter produced by VAM compared to nonmycorrhizal plants). Dry matter yield responsiveness values were higher in plants whose roots were colonized with isolates E and I than with isolates A and B. Shoot P concentrations were lower in plants colonized with isolates E and I than with isolates A and B or nonmycorrhizal plants. This was probably due to the dilution effect of the higher dry matter yields. Neither the VAM isolate nor pH had an effect on shoot Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations, while the VAM isolate affected not only P but also S, K, and Fe concentrations. The pH×VAM interaction was significant for shoot K, Mg, and Cu concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and nutrient uptake of sorghum cultivated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza isolates at varying pH (1994)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 4 (1994), S. 185-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Dry matter yields ; Sand culture ; Shoot concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn ; Sorghum bicolor ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effects of different pH regimes on root colonization with four vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) isolates, and VAM effects on host plant growth and nutrient uptake. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was grown at pH 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0 (±0.1) in hydroponic sand culture with the VAM isolates Glomus etunicatum UT316 (isolate E), G. intraradices UT143 (isolate I), G. intraradices UT126 (isolate B), and an unknown Glomus isolate with no INVAM number (isolate A). Colonization of roots with the different VAM isolates varied differentially with pH. As pH increased, root colonization increased with isolates B and E, remained unchanged with isolate I, and was low at pH 4.0 and high at pH 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0 with isolate A. Isolates E and I were more effective than isolates A and B in promoting plant growth irrespective of pH. Root colonization with VAM appeared to be independent of dry matter yields or dry matter yield responsiveness (dry matter produced by VAM compared to nonmycorrhizal plants). Dry matter yield responsiveness values were higher in plants whose roots were colonized with isolates E and I than with isolates A and B. Shoot P concentrations were lower in plants colonized with isolates E and I than with isolates A and B or nonmycorrhizal plants. This was probably due to the dilution effect of the higher dry matter yields. Neither the VAM isolate nor pH had an effect on shoot Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations, while the VAM isolate affected not only P but also S, K, and Fe concentrations. The pH x VAM interaction was significant for shoot K, Mg, and Cu concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206778
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of soil temperature on root and shoot growth traits and iron deficiency chlorosis in sorghum genotypes grown on a low iron calcareous soil (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 130 (1991), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: chlorosis severity ; dry matter yields ; growth chamber ; leaf area ; root length ; shoot/root ratio ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Iron deficiency chlorosis (FeDC) is a common disorder for sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] grown on alkaline calcareous soils. Four sorghum genotypes were grown in growth chambers on a low Fe (1.3 μg/g DTPA-extractable), alkaline (pH 8.0), calcareous (3.87% CaCO3 equivalent) Aridic Haplustoll to determine effects of different soil temperatures (12, 17, 22 and 27°C at a constant 27°C air temperature) on various root and shoot growth traits and development of FeDC. As soil temperature increased, leaf chlorosis became more severe, and shoot and root dry weights, root lengths, and leaf areas increased markedly. Shoot/root ratios, shoot weight/root length, leaf area/shoot weight and leaf area/root weight and root length also increased while root length/root weight decreased as soil temperature increased. Severe FeDC developed in all genotypes even though genotypes had previously shown different degrees of resistance to FeDC. Genotypes differed in most growth traits, especially dry matter yields, root lengths, and leaf areas, but most traits did not appear to be related to genotype resistance to FeDC. The most FeDC resistant genotype had the slowest growth rate and this may be a mechanism for its greater resistance to FeDC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011862
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening sorghum for tolerance to excess manganese in solution culture (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 155-156 (1993), S. 493-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acid soil tolerance ; dry matter yield ; Mn toxicity ; root length ; Sorghum bicolor ; visual toxicity symptoms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to define traits to screen sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes for tolerance to excess Mn. Visual Mn toxicity symptoms, net and total root lengths, shoot and root dry matter yields, and shoot and root Mn concentrations were determined for plants grown in nutrient solutions (pH 4.5) at different levels of Mn (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mM above the initial 18 μM) to assess plant responses to excess Mn. Dry matter yields showed greatest variability among genotypes, and was an effective trait to evaluate sorghum for tolerance to excess Mn. Reductions in dry matter yields did not occur until Mn levels were above 3 mM. Levels of Mn between 3 and 6 mM could effectively be used to screen sorghum for genotypic differences to excess Mn. Manganese levels above 6 mM were too severe to allow good genotypic differentiation. Of genotypes tested, NB9040 and Wheatland showed good tolerance and SC283 and ICA-Nataima were sensitive to excess Mn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025091
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of species of VA-mycorrhizal fungi on growth and mineral uptake of sorghum at different temperatures (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 121 (1990), S. 165-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Glomus fasciculatum ; Glomus intraradices ; Glomus macrocarpum ; mineral nutrition ; soil temperature ; Sorghum bicolor ; uptake of P, K, S, Fe, and Zn ; VAMF ; vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] plants were grown in growth chambers at 20, 25 and 30°C in a low P Typic Argiudoll (3.65 µg P g−1 soil, pH 8.3) inoculated with Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus intraradices, and Glomus macrocarpum to determine effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) species on plant growth and mineral nutrient uptake. Sorghum root colonization by VAMF and plant responses to Glomus species were temperature dependent. G. macrocarpum colonized sorghum roots best and enhanced plant growth and mineral uptake considerably more than the other VAMF species, especially at 30°C. G. fasciculatum enhanced shoot growth at 20 and 25°C, and mineral uptake only at 20°C. G. intraradices depressed shoot growth and mineral uptake at 30°C. G. macrocarpum enhanced shoot P, K, and Zn at all temperatures, and Fe at 25 and 30°C above that which could be accounted for by increased biomass. Sorghum plant growth responses to colonization by VAMF species may need to be evaluated at different temperatures to optimize beneficial effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012308
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrate and ammonium uptake and solution pH changes for Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes grown with and without aluminium (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 134 (1991), S. 179-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aluminium tolerance ; differential nitrate/ammonium uptake ; mineral nutrition ; plant-induced solution pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Plant tolerance to Al toxicity has been associated with differential nitrate and ammonium uptake and solution pH changes. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes with tolerance (SC283) and sensitivity (ICA-Nataima) to Al toxicity were grown with different nitrate/ammonium ratios (39:1, 9:1, and 3:1) at 0 and 300 μM Al to determine genotypic differences in nitrate and ammonium uptake, changes in nutrient solution pH, and relationships of these traits to Al toxicity tolerance in the genotypes. ICA-Nataima had greater reductions in nitrate and ammonium uptake than SC283 when plants were grown with Al, but SC283 had higher nitrate and ICA-Nataima had higher ammonium uptake when plants were grown without Al. Differences in nitrate and ammonium uptake were associated with changes in solution pH; pH decreased as long as ammonium was in solution and increased when ammonium was depleted from solution. Greater changes in solution pH occurred when plants were grown with 39:1 compared to 9:1 and 3:1 nitrate/ammonium ratios. Solution pH values were lower when plants were grown with than without Al. The genotypes maintained their relative differences in Al toxicity tolerance when plants were grown separately or together in the same container with Al and with different nitrate/ammonium ratios.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010730
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benefit and cost analysis and phosphorus efficiency of VA mycorrhizal fungi colonizations with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes grown at varied phosphorus levels (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 124 (1990), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Glomus fasciculatum ; phosphorus nutrition ; Sorghum bicolor (L.) ; Moench ; VA mycorrhizas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was grown in a greenhouse in a low P (3.6 mg kg-1) soil (Typic Argiudolls) inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VMAF) Glomus fasciculatum and P added at 0, 12.5, 25.0, and 37.5 mg kg-1 soil to determine the effects of VAMF-root associations on plant growth, benefit and cost analysis, and P efficiency (dry matter produced/unit P absorbed). Root colonization with VAMF and shoot growth enhancements decreased with increased soil P applications. Mycorrhizal plants were less P efficient than nonmycorrhizal plants. Shoot dry matter differences between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants were considered the benefit derived by plants from VAMF-root associations. Shoot dry matter differences between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants with similar P concentrations were considered the costs paid by plants for VAMF-root associations. Values of benefit and cost analysis for VAMF-root associations were highest when soil P was lowest and decreased with increasing P applications. Genotypic differences for calculated costs were pronounced, but not benefits. Benefit and cost analysis.may be helpful to evaluate host plant genotypes and VAMF species to optimize efficiencies of VAMF symbiosis in different soil environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00009260
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of species of VA-mycorrhizal fungi on growth and mineral uptake of sorghum at different temperatures (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 122 (1990), S. 165-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Glomus fasciculatum ; Glomus intraradices ; Glomus macrocarpum ; mineral nutrition ; soil temperature ; Sorghum bicolor ; uptake of P, K, S, Fe, and Zn ; VAMF ; vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] plants were grown in growth chambers at 20, 25 and 30°C in a low P Typic Argiudoll (3.65 µg P g-1 soil, pH 8.3) inoculated withGlomus fasciculatum, Glomus intraradices, andGlomus macrocarpum to determine effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) species on plant growth and mineral nutrient uptake. Sorghum root colonization by VAMF and plant responses toGlomus species were temperature dependent.G. macrocarpum colonized sorghum roots best and enhanced plant growth and mineral uptake considerably more than the other VAMF species, especially at 30°C.G. fasciculatum enhanced shoot growth at 20 and 25°C, and mineral uptake only at 20°C.G. intraradices depressed shoot growth and mineral uptake at 30°C.G. macrocarpum enhanced shoot P, K, and Zn at all temperatures, and Fe at 25 and 30°C above that which could be accounted for by increased biomass. Sorghum plant growth responses to colonization by VAMF species may need to be evaluated at different temperatures to optimize beneficial effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02444229
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