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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (451)
  • Electronic Resource  (451)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity distribution asymmetries in magnetoresistive heads with domain control films (abstract) : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6400-6400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Suppression of the sidetrack reading behavior is important in achieving⋅high track-density recording with a magnetoresistive head. In the present work, we investigate the sensitivity distribution profiles of MR heads through experimentation using a microtrack technique1 and computer simulation. Shielded, soft, adjacent-layer-biased MR heads with 3∼6−μm-wide tracks are used. The ends of the MR elements are coupled to antiferromagnetic or hard ferromagnetic films for domain control. In the simulation based on the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation,2 the magnetization configurations in the MR elements of the domain stabilizing films are calculated to analyze the sensitivity distribution. The measured sensitivity profiles in all cases have asymmetries that are reversed when the sensing current direction or the magnetization direction of the MR element is reversed. These results agree with the simulation. The asymmetries of sensitivity profiles are explained by the magnetic poles at the domain control film edges and at the transverse edges of the element which generate a diagonal demagnetizing field distribution in the sensing region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355364
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer simulation of ultrahigh-density perpendicular magnetic recording : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5664-5666 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The possibility of ultrahigh-density recording higher than 10 Gb/in.2 with perpendicular magnetic recording is investigated by computer simulation for a ring-type head and single-layer medium combination. A nucleation model is used as a media model because it incorporates a nucleation site, which causes irreversible magnetization switching. Fundamental read–write characteristics are found to be entirely different from those of longitudinal recording. Recorded magnetization strongly depends on head field strength; the maximum magnetization appears around the head field strength of media coercivity, and beyond this the recorded magnetization decreases abruptly. Spacing loss in the recording process also depends on head field strength and recording density. However, saturation recording can be attained even at an ultrahigh recording density of 600 kFCI with a spacing of 30 nm. Also, a higher signal-to-noise ratio than in longitudinal recording can be obtained by introducing weak intergrain exchange interaction with a relatively large grain size in the media film. This suggests that perpendicular magnetic recording is stable in thermal fluctuation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362209
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyelectrolyte-micelle coacervation: effect of coacervate on the properties of shampoo (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A typical formula for shampoo containing cationic polymers and anionic/amphoteric surfactants exhibits liquid–liquid phase separation under certain conditions when the shampoo is diluted with water upon the actual use in bathroom. The lower dense phase is considered to be an insoluble complex formed with the cationic polymer and mixed surfactants. Generally, this associative liquid–liquid phase separation is called ‘coacervation’ and the phase of complex is called ‘coacervate’. Although it is well known that the usage texture of shampoo is influenced by coacervate, there are only a few reports about their relationship. In this work, we studied the properties of coacervate and its effect on the usage texture of shampoo, particularly focusing on the effect of the cationic polymer structure. We prepared five different model shampoos that contain various cationic polymers and studied the effect of the characteristics of the polymers on the condition of the complex formations, the amount of coacervate, the rheological properties and the adhesive behaviour of coacervate on the surface of damaged hair. It was found that both the structure and the degree of substitution of cationic polymer drastically changed the condition of coacervation. Moreover, the cationic polymers showed remarkable effect on the rheological properties and the adhesive behaviour of the coacervate on the damaged hair. These results implied that we could control the usage texture of shampoo by choosing proper cationic polymers to control coacervation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00242_3.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron transport properties and collision cross sections in C2F4 (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 2637-2647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the electron drift velocity, longitudinal diffusion coefficient, and ionization coefficient in tetrafluoroethene (C2F4). Using these data and the results of ab initio calculations of the elastic, momentum-transfer, and neutral-excitation cross sections, along with measurements of the partial ionization cross sections, we have performed a swarm analysis in order to construct a self-consistent set of electron impact cross sections for C2F4. The swarm analysis consists of solutions to Boltzmann's equation for electrons in C2F4 for values of E/N≤500 Td and direct Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport in C2F4 for 500 Td≤E/N≤2000 Td. We present an analysis and discussion of the sensitivity of cross sections derived from swarm data to uncertainties in the electron transport measurements. We also discuss the failure of the two-term spherical harmonic solution to Boltzmann's equation for E/N〉500 Td, which necessitated the use of Monte Carlo simulations for high values of E/N. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1433189
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flux-flow-type Josephson oscillator for millimeter and submillimeter wave region. IV. Thin-film coupling (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 1130-1135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Power emission from a flux-flow-type Josephson oscillator with a thin-film coupling method is studied experimentally. The thickness of one electrode of the oscillator is made thin enough to allow electromagnetic fields generated by the oscillator to be emitted through the thin-film electrode. Radiation power from the oscillator is detected with superconductor-insulator-superconductor detectors, which are fabricated on top of the oscillator. Experimental results show that sufficient power can be obtained from the oscillator by using the thin-film coupling method when the thickness of the electrode is comparable to the London penetration depth. The results obtained are in reasonable agreement with theoretical predictions. The thin-film coupling method will be useful when the oscillator is connected to external circuits, such as an impedance matching circuit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340019
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of damage formation in antireflection coatings (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 1545-1546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Theoretical interpretation of damage formation in coated optical glasses is given and its low damage threshold is found to be due to the energy confinement in a narrow gap between the glass substrate and the coated material. The experiments supporting this mechanism are conducted with noncoated, hard-coated, and porous-coated glasses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337290
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auger electron spectroscopy study of GaAs layer growth on InP substrate (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 219-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new procedure for molecular-beam epitaxy growth is proposed in order to obtain a flat atomic layer without surface steps. The adsorption and desorption of Ga atoms on an InP substrate were studied by measuring the Auger electron peak intensities. It was found that the excess Ga atoms (surface steps) on the first monolayer of GaAs could be removed by annealing at an appropriate temperature. In addition, a new surface-cleaning procedure for an InP substrate is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337685
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistively shunted dc SQUID coupled to an input coil (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 59 (1986), S. 1714-1719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A theoretical study has been made of a resistively shunted dc SQUID coupled to an input coil. The effect of a circulating current is taken into account. An analytical expression for the circulating current is obtained by replacing the nonlinear Josephson current with a linear ac current generator. It is shown that in the conventional SQUID, the circulating current changes considerably the input impedance seen from the input coil, and that the input impedance becomes nonlinear. As a result, previous optimization conditions of amplifiers and magnetometers, which were obtained by neglecting the circulating current, lead to errors amounting to 40%. In the case of a resistively shunted SQUID, where a damping resistance is attached in parallel with an inductance of the SQUID, it is shown that the circulating current can be suppressed significantly with the damping resistance. Therefore, the change of the input impedance caused by the circulating current can be eliminated in this case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336436
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise characteristics of a dc SQUID with a resistively shunted inductance (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 1916-1923 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Noise characteristics of a dc SQUID with an inductance shunted by a damping resistance are studied numerically. It is shown that the damping resistance improves considerably the resolution of the SQUID in the case of large β, where β=2LI0/Φ0, I0 is a critical current, L is a loop inductance and Φ0 is the flux quantum. The energy resolutions for β=4 and β=10 are only about 2 and 4 times larger than that for β=1, respectively. Furthermore, the ranges of both the bias current and the external flux, where good resolution is obtained, become very wide compared with the conventional SQUID. Therefore, the SQUID with the damping resistance can be used for large β (or L) without the significant degradation of the resolution, and will much improve the coupling properties between the SQUID and the input circuitry. The numerical simulation results are also compared with analytical ones, and a reasonable agreement is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335998
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling the dc superconducting quantum interference device coupled to the multiturn input coil (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 7295-7300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In order to study the effect of a multiturn input coil on superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) characteristics, the radio frequency (rf) properties of the coupling circuit between the SQUID coil and the input coil are studied. For the measurement of rf properties of the coupling circuit, the so-called expanded model of the coupling circuit using normal metals was adopted, which is shown to be very useful for this purpose. It is shown that the SQUID coil cannot be expressed by a simple inductance when the SQUID coil is coupled to the input coil, i.e., many resonant structures are observed in rf properties of the coupling circuit. It is also shown that the damping resistance is useful in suppressing the resonant structures. Using the experimental results, a circuit model of the SQUID coupled to the multiturn input coil is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347576
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