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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyelectrolyte-micelle coacervation: effect of coacervate on the properties of shampoo (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A typical formula for shampoo containing cationic polymers and anionic/amphoteric surfactants exhibits liquid–liquid phase separation under certain conditions when the shampoo is diluted with water upon the actual use in bathroom. The lower dense phase is considered to be an insoluble complex formed with the cationic polymer and mixed surfactants. Generally, this associative liquid–liquid phase separation is called ‘coacervation’ and the phase of complex is called ‘coacervate’. Although it is well known that the usage texture of shampoo is influenced by coacervate, there are only a few reports about their relationship. In this work, we studied the properties of coacervate and its effect on the usage texture of shampoo, particularly focusing on the effect of the cationic polymer structure. We prepared five different model shampoos that contain various cationic polymers and studied the effect of the characteristics of the polymers on the condition of the complex formations, the amount of coacervate, the rheological properties and the adhesive behaviour of coacervate on the surface of damaged hair. It was found that both the structure and the degree of substitution of cationic polymer drastically changed the condition of coacervation. Moreover, the cationic polymers showed remarkable effect on the rheological properties and the adhesive behaviour of the coacervate on the damaged hair. These results implied that we could control the usage texture of shampoo by choosing proper cationic polymers to control coacervation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00242_3.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mucosal interleukin-1β production and acid secretion in enlarged fold gastritis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We have previously shown that eradication of Helicobacter pylori increases acid secretion in H. pylori-associated enlarged fold gastritis. Aim: To investigate whether locally produced interleukin-1β is possibly involved in the inhibition of acid secretion in H. pylori gastritis. Methods: IL-1β release from the gastric body mucosa was determined by short-term culture of biopsy specimens in 13 patients with enlarged fold gastritis (all H. pylori-positive), five H. pylori-positive and 10 H. pylori-negative patients without enlarged folds. The acid-inhibitory effect of locally produced IL-1β was examined by []〉14C]-aminopyrine uptake assay using isolated rabbit gastric glands. Results: IL-1β release was significantly greater in patients with enlarged fold gastritis, significantly correlated with both basal and tetragastrin-stimulated acid outputs in the H. pylori-positive patients (r = −0.591 and r = −0.641, respectively; P 〈 0.01), and significantly decreased with concomitant increases in acid secretions after eradication of H. pylori. [14C]-aminopyrine uptake was inhibited by IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: Increased production of IL-1β caused by H. pylori infection is possibly involved in the inhibition of acid secretion in enlarged fold gastritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00200.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of the gene transcripts of 11 β-hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase in the rat adrenal cortex by in situ hybridization (1991)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 96 (1991), S. 391-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using in situ hybridization, localization of the gene transcripts of 11 β-hydroxylase and aldosterone synthase was investigated in order to clarify the sites for the synthesis of corticosterone (glucocorticoid) and aldosterone (mineralcorticoid) in the rat adrenal cortex. The gene transcript of 11 β-hydroxylase was localized in all the endocrine cells of the entire adrenal cortex, while that of aldosterone synthase was exclusively confined in zona glomerulosa cells. These results represent that every endocrine cell of all the cortical zones synthesizes 11 β-hydroxylase which converts 11-deoxycorticosterone to corticosterone, and only glomerulosa cells synthesize aldosterone synthase which produces aldosterone from corticosterone. Thus it is clearly shown that zona glomerulosa cells synthesize mineralcorticoid, while zona fasciculata as well as reticularis cells produce glucocorticoid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315995
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical localization of basic fibroblast growth factor in the healing stage of mouse gastric ulcer (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 100 (1993), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to clarify the involvement of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in gastric ulcer healing. For this purpose, light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical studies for bFGF were performed using an experimental gastric ulcer model of mice. Ulceration was induced by the application of acetic anhydride to the serosal surface of the body of the stomach. Stomach tissues were investigated of mice at 5 days and 3 weeks respectively after treatment and also of untreated normal mice. Five days after treatment an ulcer was seen in the stomach of the experimental mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that bFGF was localized in fibroblasts in the ulcer bed. The growth factor was distributed throughout the cytoplasm excluding organelles involved in the usual secretory system, such as rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and secretory vacuoles. bFGF was also detected in the nucleus. Three weeks after treatment the surface of the ulcer lesion was completely covered by regenerated epithelium. The stomach tissues were immunohistochemically negative for bFGF both inside and outside the scar region; untreated normal stomach tissues were also negative for bFGF. These results suggest that the growth factor plays important roles in gastric ulcer healing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267820
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical, autoradiographic and electron microscopic studies on the transformation of fibroblasts into chondrocytes in the mouse subfascia induced by bone morphogenetic protein (1992)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 97 (1992), S. 463-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Functional morphology on the transformation of fibroblasts into chondrocytes induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was studied by light and electron microscopy using 35S autoradiography and immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein and type-II collagen. A pellet containing BMP obtained from a murine osteosarcoma was transplanted into the mouse subfascia. By 3 days after implantation, many typical fibroblasts, which were free of the silver grains for 35S and devoid of both S-100 protein and type-II collagen, entered the pellet region. By 5 days, the fibroblasts in the pellet region became polygonal in shape, and cytoplasmic vesicles and vacuoles appeared, both containing a homogeneous substance of low electron density. At 5 days, autoradiography revealed many silver grains for 35S over the Golgi apparatus and vesicles and vacuoles of the cells in the pellet region as well as over the surrounding extracellular matrix. Moreover, the cells at 5 days displayed immunoreactivity to both proteins. The extracellular matrix around the cell began to show clear metachromasia and increased in amount with time. At 9 days all the cells in the pellet region were round or oval in shape and surrounded by an abundant cartilaginous matrix. The rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus were extremely well developed, and a large number of vacuoles and vesicles were seen in the cytoplasm. These cells showed intense immunoreactivity to both proteins, and strong accumulation of sulfur was visualized in the extracellular matrix by autoradiography. These results suggest that the fibroblasts in the pellet region change into chondroblasts by 5 days, and become typical chondrocytes by 9 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316065
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