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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (4)
  • Electronic Resource  (4)
  • HIV  (2)
  • Nutristat  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Auxostat ; Batch culture ; Chemostat ; Continuous culture ; Fermentation control ; Inhibition kinetics ; Nutristat ; On-line measurement ; Pentachlorophenol ; Pollutant ; Sphingomonas ; Steady-state conditions ; Toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bacterium degrading pentachlorophenol (PCP) as the only source of carbon and energy was grown in a “nutristat”, i.e., a continuous culture with on-line measurement and control of the substrate concentration. We improved the PCP nutristat by incorporation of a personal computer with a proportional integral derivative (PID) algorithm for controlling the medium feed pump. The controlled value deviated from the average (set-point) value by 1% maximally. In the PCP nutristat (30°C), the steadystate dilution rate, and hence, specific growth rate, showed a maximum value of 0.142±0.004 h-1 at set-point PCP concentrations between 37 and 168 μM. At PCP concentrations above 168 μM, the steady-state growth rate decreased because of inhibition. The growth yield coefficient was not seriously affected by the PCP concentration, suggesting that uncoupling was not the inhibitory mechanism. It was concluded that the PCP nutristat is very useful for establishing steady-state conditions that maintain growth-inhibitory PCP concentrations and high cell concentrations, conditions for which the chemostat is not suitable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Auxostat ; Batch culture ; Chemostat ; Continuous culture ; Fermentation control ; Inhibition ; kinetics ; Nutristat ; On-line measurement ; Pentachlorophenol ; Pollutant ; Sphingomonas ; Steady-state conditions ; Toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bacterium degrading pentachlorophenol (PCP) as the only source of carbon and energy was grown in a “nutristat”, i.e., a continuous culture with on-line measurement and control of the substrate concentration. We improved the PCP nutristat by incorporation of a personal computer with a proportional integral derivative (PID) algorithm for controlling the medium feed pump. The controlled value deviated from the average (set-point) value by 1% maximally. In the PCP nutristat (30°C), the steady-state dilution rate, and hence, specific growth rate, showed a maximum value of 0.142 ± 0.004 h–1 at set-point PCP concentrations between 37 and 168 μM. At PCP concentrations above 168 μM, the steady-state growth rate decreased because of inhibition. The growth yield coefficient was not seriously affected by the PCP concentration, suggesting that uncoupling was not the inhibitory mechanism. It was concluded that the PCP nutristat is very useful for establishing steady-state conditions that maintain growth-inhibitory PCP concentrations and high cell concentrations, conditions for which the chemostat is not suitable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-3254
    Keywords: HIV ; AIDS ; prevention ; risk behavior ; HIV seropositive persons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Most HIV prevention research has focused on persons who are HIV-seronegative. However, some persons aware of their HIV infection may continue to engage in high-risk sexual behavior patterns that place their sexual partners at risk for HIV infection. The present study delineates rates of high-risk sexual behavior in a community sample of persons living with HIV/AIDS and identifies predictors of continued high-risk sex. An anonymous self-report survey assessing social support, access to health care services, health-related quality of life, perceptions of loneliness, life satisfaction, and sexual behavior was completed by 277 persons living with HIV/AIDS in a midwestern state. Predictors of continued high-risk sex included being in an affectionate relationship, greater physical well-being, more barriers to health care services due to geography and distance, and having a greater number of male sexual partners. HIV prevention programs are needed for persons living with HIV disease who have difficulty avoiding high-risk sexual behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-3254
    Keywords: Role play ; assertiveness ; assessment ; risk ; HIV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Conceptual formulations of HIV risk reduction and many HIV prevention interventions reported in the literature emphasize the role of sexual assertiveness, negotiation, and communication skills as key elements for enacting behavior change. However, there have been few attempts to determine if objective ratings of individuals' sexual communication skill effectiveness are actually associated with their levels of HIV sexual risk behavior. In the current study, 114 severely mentally ill men and women role-played scenes in which confederates simulated attempts to coerce unprotected sex. Participants' role-played responses were transcribed verbatim and later rated for quality in several areas of assertiveness skill effectiveness. In addition, participants provided detailed information concerning their sexual behavior practices in the past 30 days. Participants were categorized into highly, intermediately, or poorly skilled groups based on effectiveness in role play performance, and the groups were then compared on indices of HIV risk behavior. Individuals with high objectively rated sexual assertiveness skill had the lowest number of unprotected sex acts, the smallest number of different sexual partners, the smallest number of casual sex partners, and the highest levels of condom-protected sex in the past 30 days. Individuals with poor sexual assertiveness role-play skills had the highest levels of sexual risk behavior. These associations were especially pronounced among women. Findings of this research provide support for teaching individuals to develop and refine their sexual assertiveness and communication skills in HIV prevention programs. Future research issues in this area are highlighted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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