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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (5)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2)
  • α-Smooth muscle actin  (2)
  • BBB  (1)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (5)
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Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Adult human liver ; Ito cell ; Myofibroblast ; Immunocytochemistry ; α-Smooth muscle actin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To identify Ito cells in normal and pathological adult human livers, immunohistochemical studies were performed by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method using monoclonal antibodies for α-smooth muscle actin (ASMA), desmin, and vimentin. Fifty one needle biopsies, 7 surgically resected specimens, and 5 autopsy specimens were studied. In the normal adult liver vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes, together with perisinusoidal cells with thin cytoplasmic processes were positive for ASMA. These latter cells formed a loose and discontinuous layer along the sinusoidal walls. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that the ASMA-positive perisinusoidal cells were Ito cells containing fat droplets. The other sinusoidal lining cells were negative for ASMA. In chronic liver disease, ASMA-positive Ito cells showed an increase in number, size, and the intensity of immunostaining in areas of piecemeal necrosis), and formed a continuous cellular network. These cells were dendritic in shape with irregularly elongated cytoplasmic processes and contained an increased amount of microfilaments, in association with loss of the characteristic fat droplets. Thus, their ultrastructural features corresponded to those of myofibroblastic cells. Ito cells showed no staining for desmin in both normal and pathological livers. These results indicate that immunohistochemistry using an anti-ASMA antibody is a sensitive and reliable method for the identification of both normal and transformed Ito cells in adult human livers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Ito cell ; Fulminant hepatitis ; Postnecrotic fibrosis ; α-Smooth muscle actin ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To examine the relationship of Ito cells to postnecrotic liver fibrosis, liver specimens, obtained at autopsy from 17 patients with acute massive necrosis (AMN) and acute submassive hepatic necrosis (ASMN), were examined immunohistochemically. In normal adult livers, Ito cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin isoform (ASMA) were rarely seen, scattered along hepatic sinusoids. In contrast, in AMN the Ito cells in necrotic areas became strongly positive for ASMA. They were swollen with elongated cytoplasmic processes along collapsed sinusoidal walls. Around these ASMA-positive Ito cells, there were numerous infiltrated macrophages and lymphocytes present. There was no significant alteration of fibroblasts in the portal tracts. In the middle and late stages of ASMN, the spindle-shaped ASMA-positive Ito cells formed a continuous cellular network. New fibre formation was predominantly around them. In this immediate postnecrotic fibrosis, ASMA-positive stromal cells of Ito cell origin were distributed irregularly and were closely associated with reticulin and newly-formed collagen fibres. Regenerative nodules were surrounded by dense layers of ASMA-positive stromal cells. Throughout the stages of ASMN, portal fibroblasts remained negative for ASMA. We believe that Ito cells in necrotic areas show myofibroblastic transformation and play a central role in the postnecrotic liver fibrosis. Portal fibroblasts play no significant part in this type of fibrosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: nitrosoureas ; glioma ; BCNU ; SarCNU ; PET ; chemotherapy ; brain tumor ; BBB
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This paper describes the study of the pharmacodynamics of two 11C-labelled nitrosoureas, 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl) nitrosourea (BNCU) and sarcosinamide chloroethylnitrosourea (SarCNU), both labelled in the carbonyl position. Distribution of the radioactivity as measured by positron emission tomography was compared to the distribution of radioactivity observed after injection of 68Ga-EDTA, this being used as an indicator of the blood-brain barrier integrity around the brain tumor. Data suggest that the new nitrosourea, SarCNU, most likely enters brain tissue by different mechanism(s) than BCNU, which enters by diffusion. Data also indicate that use of SarCNU may result in a better tumor to brain ratio than BCNU.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 29 (1991), S. 1197-1202 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Monodisperse microspheres of poly(diethylene glycol dimethacrylate) with diameters in the size range 0.4-4.8 μm were prepared by the radiation-induced polymerization. Effects of solvent viscosity and monomer solubility were investigated for various kinds of solvents. The number of the nuclei, produced in the early stage of the polymerization, was found to be constant during the remainder of the polymerization. The nuclei grow to be monodisperse polymer particles without aggregation. This is attributed to the low mobility of the growing polymer particles.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 351-358 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The amine functionalization of an acrylamide copolymer was achieved via Hofmann degradation. The starting material, poly(acrylamide-co-methyl methacrylate), was synthesized by radical precipitation polymerization. Using this copolymer, Hofmann degradation at 0°C in a water-dioxane mixture was done using sodium hypochlorite and NaOH. The resulting hydrogel could be dissolved in water-tetrahydrofuran mixtures, and the cast film had a water content of 73%. It was found that the conversion to primary amine was lower, and the extent of a side reaction was higher, compared to those of an acrylamide homopolymer. This was presumed to be due to the lack of the neighboring group effect among acrylamide units since it was a random copolymer. Further modification of this polymer by reacting the amine group is considered to obtain the desired properties for biomedical applications. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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