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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (375)
  • 1995-1999  (312)
  • 1955-1959  (63)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Body position and late postoperative nocturnal hypoxaemia (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Thirteen patients were monitored for nocturnal body position (supine vs. side) and arterial oxygen saturation pre-operatively and on the second postoperative night after major abdominal surgery. The number of positional changes were significantly decreased after operation (p 〈 0.05) with a trend towards more time spent in the supine position (p = 0.1). Individual mean arterial oxygen saturation decreased postoperatively (p 〈 0.05) but without a difference between the supine and side positions (p = 0.9). Pre-operatively, episodic desaturations were significantly more frequent in the supine position than on the side (p 〈 0.05) but not postoperatively. Pain was the most frequent reason for decreased nocturnal movements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.128-az0124.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Iron-Mediated Oxidation of 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine to an Excitotoxin (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 64 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: 2,4,5-Trihydroxyphenylalanine (TOPA) oxidizes in solution to form a quinone derivative that is a non-NMDA glutamatergic agonist and neurotoxin. DOPA can autoxidize in physiological solutions to form small amounts of both TOPA and TOPA quinone. We report here that this conversion can be dramatically enhanced by iron (II) alone, but more so by iron (II) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. This conversion is of sufficient magnitude that the resulting product can elicit non-NMDA, glutamate receptor-mediated electrical responses in cultured cortical neurons isolated from rat. This finding suggests that TOPA quinone may play a role in pathological processes involving abnormal iron metabolism in catecholaminergic neurons.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64041742.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cystine Deprivation Induces Oligodendroglial Death: Rescue by Free Radical Scavengers and by a Diffusible Glial Factor (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: In this study we examined the effect on oligodendroglial survival of exogenous cystine deprivation. Oligodendroglia isolated from mixed glial primary cultures derived from brains of 1-day-old rats, and then grown for 3 days, were markedly dependent on extracellular cystine for survival. The EC50 values for cystine for a 24-h exposure ranged from 2 to 65 µM. After 6 h of cystine deprivation, the cellular glutathione level decreased to 21 ± 13% of the control. Free radical scavengers (α-tocopherol, ascorbate, idebenone, and N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone) were protective against cystine deprivation but had no effect on the glutathione level. An iron chelator, desferrioxamine mesylate, also was protective. These findings suggest that intracellular hydroxyl radicals are important for this toxicity. In contrast to the observations in 3-day-old cultures, the dependence on exogenous cystine for cell viability was not observed consistently in oligodendroglia cultured for 6 days before the onset of cystine deprivation. Several observations suggested that this loss of cystine dependence was due to a diffusible factor. Sensitivity to the toxicity of cystine deprivation in day 6 cultures increased as the volume of medium was increased from 0.3 to 2 ml. Furthermore, preincubation of cystine-depleted medium with astrocyte cultures eliminated the toxicity of the cystine deprivation. HPLC assay of the conditioned cystine-depleted medium showed no significant change in cystine or cysteine concentration. We conclude that oligodendroglia are highly susceptible to cystine deprivation in day 3 cultures and that this susceptibility is due to the accumulation of intracellular free radicals in the setting of glutathione depletion. The resistance of day 6 oligodendroglial cultures is caused at least in part by a diffusible factor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67020566.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of the elasto-plastic properties of piezoresistance gauges on their loading-unloading characteristics as lateral shock stress transducers (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1443-1448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The elasto-plastic properties of piezoresistance gauges influence their response as stress transducers in shock-wave experiments. In the present article, we discuss these relations for lateral stress gauges upon shock loading and unloading. It is shown that piezoresistance response in the elastic range of the gauge material depends on the properties of the matrix material. On the other hand, these gauges have a unique calibration curve, both for loading and unloading, within their plastic range. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358891
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High-speed photography of compressive failure waves in glasses (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 3736-3739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A mechanism for the compressive failure of soda-lime and borosilicate glasses is proposed based upon high-speed photography of impact on glasses. Shock loading was produced by the impact of a 50 mm diameter projectile so inducing shock states of one-dimensional strain in glass targets. The shock waves and failure fronts were visualised using the shadowgraph technique. The failure appeared to occur at discrete nucleation sites and propagated out to form a continuous front. The velocity of this front increased with higher impact stresses and varied with the glass composition. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360709
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the origin of failure waves in glass (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 6670-6674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The compressive failure of soda-lime glass under uniaxial shock loading has been the subject of much recent discussion. Evidence of failure occurring behind a traveling boundary that follows a shock front has been accumulated and verified in several laboratories. Such a boundary has been called a failure wave. The variations in material properties across this front include complete loss of tensile strength, reduction in shear strength, lowered acoustic impedance and sound speed, and opacity to light. It in many ways resembles a phase boundary. While these observations are generally held to be true, there is no universally agreed mechanism for the process or processes that gives rise to the failure. It is the object of this work to present the results of plate impact experiments that aim to identify the mechanism by which the failure wave propagates. The experiments indicate that the failure is nucleated by the shock wave at surfaces, and that deliberately introducing flaws by roughening the surface speeds the fracture of the material leading to a failure wave close to the shock front. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365207
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Failure in a shocked high-density glass (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 4328-4331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: One of the outstanding questions concerning the compressive behavior of brittle materials concerns the failure wave observed in glasses. While much work has centered around relatively open structure, low density glasses such as borosilicate (pyrex) and soda-lime (float, which is partially filled), none has addressed the response of highly filled lead glasses. This work presents the results of a series of plate impact experiments carried out on the lead glass DEDF.TM This material was shocked in uniaxial strain and the longitudinal and lateral components of stress and strain were measured. The failure wave, observed in lower density glasses, was observed in this material but its velocity reached that of the shock at less than twice the Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL). © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363382
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Direct measurements of strain in shock-loaded glass specimens (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3971-3974 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Direct measurements of the uniaxial strain behind wave fronts in shock-loaded glass specimens reveal several new aspects of their dynamic response. The measurements have been achieved by embedding longitudinal strain gauges in the shocked specimen in such a way that gauge length is along the shock propagation direction. Following the resistance changes of the gauges, we were able to find differences in the loading characteristics below and above the Hugoniot elastic limit of the glass, measure residual strains when shocked above this limit, and find interesting aspects of the strain histories behind the failure wave fronts. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361825
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morin-like spin reorientation in BiPb-2201 ferrates with iron in octahedral oxygen coordination : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5257-5259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: From a Mössbauer spectroscopy study of the BiPbSrCaFe6+z ferrate, prepared under different conditions, strong evidence for a variety of Morin-like spin-reorientation processes similar to the ones occuring in hematite was found. The phase evolution, their energetical and dynamical Mössbauer parameters as well as the spin-rotational process are described in detail and finally correlated with a proposed mechanism. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361917
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comment on "Equation of state of aluminum nitride and its shock response'' [J. Appl. Phys. 76, 4077 (1994)] (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 5854-5856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A recent article by Dandekar, Abbate, and Frankel [J. Appl. Phys. 76, 4077 (1994)] reviews existing data on high-pressure properties of aluminum nitride (AlN) in an effort to build an equation of state for this material. A rather large portion of that article is devoted to the shear strength of AlN and, in particular, to our data of 1991 with longitudinal and lateral stress gauges [Z. Rosenberg, N. S. Brar, and S. J. Bless, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 167 (1991)]. Since our highest data point has an error of 1 GPa, much of the discussion and conclusions of Dandekar and co-workers are not relevant once this error in data reduction is corrected. We also discuss the relevance of our shear strength data for various issues, such as the phase transformation of AlN at 20 GPa and the general shape of Hugoniot curves for brittle solids. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359620
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