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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • Animal model  (1)
  • Key words Cervical myelopathy  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 25 (1996), S. 496-504 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Zervikale Spondylose ; Myelopathie ; Pathoanatomie ; klinische Symptome ; Key words Cervical myelopathy ; Patho-anatomy ; Clinical symptoms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Clinical symptoms and patho-anatomic changes in cervical myelopathy due to spondylotic changes are described. The leading symptoms are numbness and clumsiness of upper and lower extremity, mostly combined with gait disturbances. Muscle wasting primarily on the upper extremity leads to the myelopathic hand. Cervical myelopathy can be classified into five main groups: 1. Spastic tetraparesis with numbness and hyperreflexivity of upper and lower extremity. The majority of patients present with the myelopathic hand. 2. Spastic paraparesis with lesion below C6. 3. Spastic tetraparesis, mild or moderate, with deltoid muscle paresis. 4. Amyotrophic myelopathic hand with mild long tract signs. 5. Central cord syndrome due to cervical spondylosis combined with trauma. From the therapeutic aspect, conservative treatment is often unsuccessful. It is important to relieve pressure on the myelon, and decompressive procedures, especially posterior laminoplasty techniques, are required. Earlier surgery provides better results.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das klinische Erscheinungsbild der zervikalen Spondylose mit Myelopathie wird dargestellt. Die achsennahen Symptome wie Zervikalgie sind auf die radiologisch feststellbaren Veränderungen zurückzuführen. Periphere Symptome wie Radikulopathien können hinzukommen, wenn die lateralen Anteile des Spinalkanals eingeengt werden. Die Deltoideusparese Grad ≤ 3 (MMT) ist die häufigste Symptomatik von klinischer Bedeutung, wenn nur ein einzelner Muskel betroffen ist, die von der zervikalspondolytischen Radikulopathie verursacht wird. Bei der zervikalen Myelopathie stehen aber nicht Schmerz, sondern Funktionsstörungen im Vordergrund. Taubheitsgefühle an oberen und unteren Extremitäten sowie Gangstörungen sind Frühzeichen. Muskelatrophien werden vor allem an der oberen Extremität beobachtet und führen häufig zur sog. myelopathischen Hand. Der zervikale Myelopathie läßt sich in verschiedene Formen unterteilen: 1. spastische Tetraparese mit Symptomen der oberen und unteren Extremität, 2. spastische Paraparese bei Kompressionen unterhalb C6, 3. spastische Tetraparese mit Parese des M. deltoideus, 4. atropische Form der myelopathischen Hand mit Beteiligung der langen Bahnen, 5. zentrales Rückenmarksyndrom bei zervikaler Spondylose und Traumaanamnese. Therapeutisch sind konservative Maßnahmen wenig erfolgversprechend, es empfiehlt sich dekompressive Chirurgie. Die Prognose ist um so besser, je früher die Dekompression erfolgt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Osteonecrosis ; Serum sickness ; Immune reaction ; Animal model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Osteonecrosis (ON) was produced experimentally in rabbits by intravenous injection of horse serum. Eighty adult rabbits were used: 16 were injected twice with isotonic saline (Group A), 24 were injected once with saline and once with horse serum (Group B), and 40 were injected twice with horse serum (Group C). Both femurs of each rabbit were obtained from 2 h to 7 weeks after the final injection an were subjected to histological examination. No pathological changes were seen in Groups A and B. In Group C, 5 of 15 rabbits (33%) showed ON (necrosis of trabecula and bone marrow) in the femoral metaphysis. In Group C, the early major pathological findings in bone marrow are extravasation of erythrocytes in sinusoidal spaces and microthrombi in small arteries and arterioles near the lesion of extravasation. Immune complexes were demonstrated in the kidney within 24 h of the final injection of horse serum. The present study suggests that immunological reaction associated with serum sickness may play an important role in inducible ON and this model will contribute toward clarifying the pathogenesis of ON.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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