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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (9)
  • 1995-1999  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional Mapping of Magma Source and Transport Regions from Seismic Data: The Mantle Wedge beneath Northeastern Japan (1998)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 153 (1998), S. 377-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Magma distribution, three dimensions, velocity structure, seismic Q, mantle wedge, northeastern Japan.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —We investigate the distribution of partial melt in island arc using the seismic velocity structure of the mantle wedge beneath northeastern Japan. The comparison of the seismic tomography with laboratory velocity data on a partially-molten mantle rock yields estimates of melting zones in three dimensions. We employ experimental data on the degree of partial melt in hydrous peridotite to give constraints on the melt fraction and temperature. Melting and magma-rich zones derived from the velocity structure coincide with observed low Q zones. The results of the three-dimensional mapping indicate that the source of magma in island arc is diapir-like melting patches localized within the low velocity zones of the mantle wedge. Extensive volcanic activity along the volcanic front is due to the presence of vast magma-rich zones just beneath the Moho. Those melting zones in the uppermost mantle may, in turn, cause melting of lower crustal materials and produce felsic magma. Melt appears to stay at and beneath the Moho, where crystallization fractionation may proceed. Melt exists at greater depths in the back-arc region, which may correlate with across-arc variations of chemical compositions of the volcanic rocks observed in northeastern Japan. We suggest that magma migration in the ductile lower crust may cause low-frequency microearthquakes, and magma penetration into the brittle upper crust may produce mid-crustal S-wave reflectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050200
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term follow-up of the residual intracanalicular tumours after subtotal removal of acoustic neurinomas (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 206-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Acoustic neurinoma ; intracanalicular tumour ; magnetic resonance imaging ; subtotal removal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined growth potential of residual intracanalicular tumours left from subtotal removal of large acoustic neurinomas. Eleven patients were followed-up by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The interval between surgery and MR study ranged from 12 to 29 years (median, 16 years). MR images of two patients showed no evidence of tumour remnant, and in six a small tumour was localized in the internal auditory canal. The other three showed an intracanalicular tumour protruding slightly towards the intracranial portion. This result suggests that the intracanalicular residual tumours have less risk of regrowth after subtotal removal of acoustic neurinomas. It is advisable to choose intracapsular subtotal removal without opening the internal auditory canal in the treatment of acoustic neurinoma, if it is large in size and there is a high risk of nerve injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411362
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative energetics analysis of CCM2 with different horizontal resolutions (1997)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 13 (1997), S. 521-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  Comprehensive global energetics analysis is carried out for the NCAR CCM2 with different horizontal resolutions of R15, T42, T63, and T106 to assess the effect of various model truncations on the global energetics characteristics in climate models. Both the energy levels and energy transformations are examined over the zonal wave number domain during a northern winter and summer. In addition to the simulated atmosphere, the ECMWF global analysis during 1986 to 1990 is analyzed for comparison using the same diagnostic scheme. Previous studies have revealed that zonal kinetic energy is supplied by synoptic disturbances in terms of the zonal-wave interactions of kinetic energy. According to our result, however, such an energy flow from eddies to zonal motions is valid only for zonal wave numbers up to about 30. We find that the zonal-wave interactions of kinetic energy change sign beyond wave number 30 where the energy is transformed from zonal to eddies for both the ECMWF and CCM2-T106. The large-scale zonal motions are diffusive against the short waves beyond wave number 30, which may well be parameterized by various forms of the diffusion schemes. We suggest from this result that the atmospheric disturbances with wave numbers lower than 30 are necessary to represent accurately the two-way interactions between zonal and eddy motions, because these waves can actively influence the behavior of the zonal motions. Based on this finding, we suggest that the model resolution of R15 is inadequate for climate studies from the energetics point of view, and that resolution of T42 is the minimum requirement to represent the general circulation adequately. Some other discrepancies are discussed in detail for the coarse resolution climate models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050180
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the neighboring transition on polarization gradient cooling (1997)
    Springer
    Applied physics 65 (1997), S. 563-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 06; 32
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: g =4→Fe ′=5 transition. As the detuning becomes larger, the equilibrium temperature becomes lower. When the detuning is larger than 150 MHz, the influence of the Fg=4→Fe ′=4 transition also becomes significant. We show our numerical analysis of polarization gradient cooling, taking into account actual sublevels of the ground state and two excited states. We conclude that it is preferable to use a detuning of greater than 180 MHz, to get both a high deceleration and low equilibrium temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400050314
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of Two Immunosuppressive Drugs, Cyclosporin A and Tacrolimus, to Inhibit Virus Replication and Apoptosis in Cells Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (1998)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 22 (1998), S. 553-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: apoptosis ; cyclosporin A ; FIV ; FK506 ; viral proliferation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An in vitro model of acute and chronic infections with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was used to examine the effect of two immunosuppressive agents, cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (also known as FK506), on the inhibition of the replication of the virus and of apoptosis. Both drugs significantly suppressed virus production in a dose-dependent manner in acutely and chronically infected cells. The ability of FK506 to inhibit virus replication was much lower than that of CsA, and was accompanied by marked antiproliferative activity. Treatment of infected cells with either CsA or FK506 did not affect the rise of free intracellular Ca2+ but did protect the cells against apoptosis. Thus, the antiviral activity of CsA and FK506 makes these compounds promising candidates for the development of drugs suitable for the treatment of AIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006197804888
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fermi surface of LaAg (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 98 (1995), S. 495-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 71.25P
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electronic structure, especially the Fermi surface, is calculated for the intermetallic rare-earth compound LaAg, known to show the structural phase transition when In is substituted for Ag, by a self-consistent fully-relativistic APW method with the exchange-correlation potential in a local-density approximation. The Fermi surface is found to consist of large hole and electron sheets as well as small hole and electron sheets. This result confirms well the theoretical prediction by Niksch et al. (1987). These Fermi surface sheets are found to explain the experimental results for the de Haas-van Alphen effect by Niksch et al. (1987) and Motoki et al. (1995) reasonably well. But, the frequency branches originating from the large hole sheet have been observed only partially. Local curvature of the large hole sheet is investigated as a possible origin of the disappearance of these frequency branches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320850
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of feline immunodeficiency virus genome obtained directly from organs of a naturally infected cat with marked neurological symptoms and encephalitis (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 141 (1996), S. 1933-1948 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was first isolated from cats with immunodeficiency syndrome. Recently, neurological abnormalities and brain lesions were shown in cats infected with FIV. To investigate the FIV genome associated with central nervous system (CNS) lesions, proviral DNA sequences from the V3–V6 region of the FIVenv gene were directly amplified from uncultured necropsy tissues of a 2-year-old naturally FIV-infected cat with marked neurological symptoms and encephalitis. By in situ hybridization, FIV RNA was detected mainly in the astrocytes. Fifteen clones isolated from cerebrum, bone marrow and lymph node samples showed only a small number of mutations or deletions in this region. A representative clone, JN-BR1, was distantly related to the previous Japanese strain (TM2) belonging to the subtype B. However, it was relatively close to the Petaluma strain which is known to infect feline brain-derived culture cells and induce brain lesions in inoculated cats. By phylogenetic analysis, the JN-BR1 strain was placed in subtype A that included Petaluma strain and several other American and European strains. The JN-BR1 strain derived from brain with encephalitis in this study and the Petaluma strain may share a common genetic structure that is related to their neuropathogenicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01718205
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of apoptosis induced in peripheral blood lymphocytes from cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 141 (1996), S. 1651-1659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were examined for the occurrence of apoptosis after short-term culture. In the PBL from FIV-infected cats, changes in flow-cytometry scattergram, morphological characteristics of apoptosis and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation were observed. Percentages of apoptotic cells by flowcytometry analysis in PBL from FIV-infected cats (22.4%±9.4%) were significantly higher than those in PBL from uninfected control cats (9.2%±3.5%). The lymphocytes which underwent apoptosis included CD5+, CD4+ and sIgM+ cells, indicating that induction of apoptosis was not restricted to a special subset of lymphocytes. These findings provide evidence of the apoptotic state of PBL in cats with FIV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01718289
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Variation in the VP7 Gene of Human Rotavirus Serotype 3 (G3 Type) Isolated in China and Japan (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 1481-1489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Sequence analysis of the VP7 gene was performed on twenty-one human isolates of serotype 3 related-rotavirus in China and Japan. The five Chinese isolates were found to be not similar to the 16 Japanese isolates and to SA11 (simian rotavirus). The Chinese isolates, especially CHW2 and CH-32, were different from the major serotype 3 human isolates. AU-1 and 02/92 which previously showed a wider spacing between RNA segments 10 and 11 by RNA polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis, were more closely related to each other and could be differentiated from the other Chinese and Japanese isolates. For these reasons, serotype 3 viruses were considered to be intra-serotypically more heterologous than serotype 1, 2 and 4 viruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050174
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