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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Schlagwort(e): 4-Benzoyl-5-phenylfuran-2,3-dione ; Dibenzoylacetic acid-N-carboxyamides ; Oxazin-2,4-dione ; Keto-enole tautomerism ; Semiempirical quantum chemical calculations ; Crystal structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary 4-Benzoyl-5-phenylfuran-2,3-dione (1) and the urethanes2 combine under loss of carbon monoxide yielding the open chain dibenzoylacetic acid derivatives3 and4. 3a, b only can be cyclized to the oxazinone5. The keto-enole tautomerism3 ⇌4 is further investigated with aid of semiempirical quantum chemical calculations, based upon the molecular geometry of3a, deduced from an X-ray study.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Le but de cette étude a été d'évaluer la fréquence du phéochromocytomes (pheo), défini par l'étiquette historique de “tumeur bénigne sporadique, localisé dans la surrénale, responsable d'hypertension”. Trois séries importantes, comprenant 310 tumeurs comportant des tissus chromaffines sous-phréniques, opérées pendant des périodes de 17, 23, et 41 ans, ont été revues. Parmi celles-ci, 48 (15.5%) étaient malignes, i.e. métastatiques, et 262 (84.5%) étaient bénignes, 42 (13.5%) étaient ectopiques (35% des tumeurs malignes vs 9.5% des tumeurs bénignes), 230 (74.2%) étaient responsables d'hypertension, (74% des tumeurs bénignes vs 73% des tumeurs malignes), 29 (9.4%) étaient bilatérales, parmi lesquelles 23 étaient des tumeurs familiales. Quarante et une (13.2%) avaient un syndrome MEN II A ou B, 20 (6.5%) étaient associées avec une phacomatose. D'autres avaient des antécédents familiaux de phéo non MEN (n=5) ou d'hyperparathyroïdie apparemment sporadique (n=4) ou d'autres tumeurs neuro-endocrines (n=9). Toutes caractéristiques confondues, et parfois combinées, 125 (40.3%) seulement avaient une description classique, 47% au moment de la présentation, et seulement 40.3% à la fin du suivi. La survenue de métastases ou le diagnostic de maladie familiale métachrone sont des arguments pour rendre la surveillance obligatoire la vie durant. Dans certains cas, des études génétiques sont souhaitables.
    Kurzfassung: Resumen Este estudio busca verificar la frecuencia del feocromocitoma, el cual ha sido definido históricamente como un “tumor unilateral benigno, intra-adrenal, hipertensivo y esporádico”; tres voluminosas series que comprenden 310 tumores cromafínicos subfrénicos operados durante 17, 23 y 41 años, respectivamente, han sido revisadas. Entre los 310 feocromocitomas, 48 (15.5%) eran malignos, o sea metastásicos, y 262 (84.5%) benignos; 42 (13.5%) fueron ectópicos (35% de los malignos vs. 9.5% de los benignos); 230 (74.2%) eran hipertensivos (74% de los benignos vs. 73% de los malignos); 29 (9.4%) fueron bilaterales, incluyendo 23 con historia familiar positiva; 41 (13.2%) tenían síndrome NEM II A o B y 20 (6.5%) se presentaron en un cuadro de facomatosis. Algunos presentaban una historia familiar de feocromocitoma no-NEM (5 casos) o hiperparatiroidismo aparentemente esporádico (4 casos) u otros tumores neuroendocrinos (9 casos). Algunas de estas caracteristicas aparecían posiblemente combinadas; finalmente 125 (40.3%) casos solamente se ajustaban a la descripción clásica del tumor, 47% en el momento de su presentación inicial y 40.3% sólo al final del período de seguimiento. El hecho de que se presenten metástasis o el diagnósitico metacrónico de enfermedad familiar hace obligatorio el seguimiento a largo plazo. Los estudios genéticos pueden estar indicados en pacientes con feocromocitoma.
    Notizen: Abstract This study aims to examine the frequency of the pheochromocytoma (pheo), defined as a “benign, intra-adrenal, hypertensive, sporadic, unilateral tumor.” Three large series amounting to 310 subphrenic chromaffin tumors operated over periods of 17, 23, and 41 years, respectively, have been reviewed. Among those combined 310 pheos, 48 (15.5%) were malignant (i.e., metastatic) and 262 (84.5%) were benign; 42 (13.5%) were ectopic (35% of malignant tumors versus 9.5% of benign tumors); 230 (74.2%) were hypertensive (74% of benign tumors versus 73% of malignant tumors); 29 (9.4%) were bilateral, including 23 patients with a family history; 41 (13.2%) of patients had MEN II type A or B syndrome; and 20 (6.5%) occurred in a phacomatosis setting. Some of the patients had a non-MEN family history of pheo (n=5), seemingly sporadic hyperparathyroidism (n=4), or other associated neuroendocrine tumor (n=9). Sometimes several of these features were combined. Finally 125 (40.3%) cases fitted the classic description of the tumor, 47.0% at the time of initial presentation and 40.3% at the end of follow-up. Late occurrence of metastases or metachronous diagnosis of familial disease make lifelong follow-up mandatory. Genetic studies may be indicated in pheochromocytoma patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 241 (1992), S. 236-240 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Schlagwort(e): Somatoform disorders ; Somatization disorder ; DSM-III-R ; Lifetime diagnoses ; Affective disorders ; Anxiety disorders ; SCL-90R
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Thirty inpatients with somatoform disorders were examined with the structured clinical interview SCID for psychiatric lifetime diagnosis. In the present diagnoses, we found a concordance of 63% for somatoform and affective disorders and the lifetime comorbidity of both disorders was 87%. Additionally, patients with somatoform disorders frequently had a history of other psychiatric disorders (for example, anxiety disorders, 40%). For 73% of patients with somatoform disorders and a history of affective disorders, the onset of the somatoform disorder was prior to the onset of another psychiatric disorder. The time interval between the onsets of somatoform disorders and affective disorders was greater than 1 year for most patients; for 46% of the patients with a history of both disorders, the time interval between the two disorders was more than 5 years. The course of illness for somatoform and affective disorders was quite different; while affective disorders tended to episodic periods with interim remissions, the somatoform disorders usually showed long, chronic courses (mean duration of the current somatoform disorder was 11.9 years). Finally, the Symptom Check List SCL-90R demonstrated good discrimination between patients with affective and anxiety disorders. However, the SCL-90R failed to discriminate patients with somatoform disorders from affective- and anxiety-disordered subjects. Therefore, the development of other psychometric scales is necessary for the evaluation of patients with somatoform disorders.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1993), S. 218-223 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Schlagwort(e): Classification ; ICD-10 ; International Diagnostic Checklists (IDCL)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A systematic assessment of psychiatric diagnoses according to the new classification system ICD-10 can be guided and enhanced by the International Diagnostic Checklists (IDCL). This instrument was developed and evaluated primarily for use in routine clinical care. It consists of 30 separate lists in pocket form, each assigned to a specific disorder and allowing immediate and operationalized diagnostic decisions (without the need of computer assistance). Personality disorders are covered by a separate 12-page booklet (IDCL-P). Examples of the checklists are given together with possible areas of application. First studies have indicated good clinical practicability and satisfactory to excellent diagnostic reliability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 242 (1993), S. 209-217 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Schlagwort(e): Classification ; ICD-10 ; DSM-III-R ; Reliability ; Case Records ; International Diagnostic Checklists (IDCL)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The psychiatric classification systems ICD-10 and DSM-III-R were compared by applying both sets of diagnostic criteria to the same sample of patients suffering from affective and psychotic disorders. Four independent raters assessed diagnoses according to both systems to 100 written case records which had been prepared in a traditional, standard format. The International Diagnostic Checklists (IDCL) were employed to rate relevant psychopathological signs and symptoms and to apply diagnostic decision rules. The results showed that ICD-10 yielded a generally higher reliability for all main disorders except for bipolar disorder. Overall reliability was κ=0.53 for diagnoses according to DSM-III-R and 0.59 for diagnoses according to ICD-10. Agreement was best for affective disorders, moderate for schizophrenia and inacceptable for schizoaffective disorder. Insufficient boundaries were found in both systems between schizoaffective disorder on one side and schizophrenia and bipolar disorder on the other side. The different duration criteria for schizophrenia of six months in DSM-III-R and one month in ICD-10 tend to have considerable consequences for frequency rates of schizophrenia in a typical clinical setting.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Schlagwort(e): Diagnostic checklist ; Personality disorders ; DSM-III-R ; Reliability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Diagnostic checklists for the assessment of DSM-III-R Axis I diagnoses have proven to be a reliable and feasable instrument in research and routine clinical care. Therefore, a checklist for the assessment of the DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (MDCL-P) has been developed. An English version of the MDCL-P is available. The MDCL-P has been tested for reliability in a test-retest design. The average duration of the interview was 36 min. Of the patients, 48% received a diagnosis of at least one personality disorder. The Kappa value concerning the distinction personality disorder as opposed to no personality disorder was 0.62. The range of Kappa values of specific personality disorders, which were diagnosed at least five times, was from 0.35 to 0.79.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Phosphametallacyclopropanes ; Isolobal building blocks ; Lewis basic behavior ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Metal-Containing Heterocycles: Preparation, Properties, Reactions, LXXVII. - Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of Phosphametallacyclopropanes with Isolobal ER (E = N,P,As,Sb) and Fe(CO)4 Building BlocksThe phosphidometallates \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ Li_2 \left\{ {\left[ M \right]\dddot - PPh_2 } \right\} $\end{document} {[M] = (η5-C5H5)M-(CO)2}, resulting from the metal hydride complexes H[M]PPh2H [M = Cr (1), Mo (2), W (3)] by reduction with nBuLi, react with the geminal dihalides RECl2 to give the three-membered phosphametallacyclopropanes [ER = NC6F5 (M = Cr (1a), Mo (2a), W (3a)), PPh (M = Cr (1b), Mo (2b), W (3b)), PC6H11 (M = Cr (1c), Mo (2c), W (3c)), P-tBu (M = Cr (1d), Mo (2d), W (3d)), P(2,4,6-(tBu)3C6H2) (M = Cr (1e), Mo (2e), W (3e)), As(2,4,6-(tBu)3C6H2) (M = Cr (1f), Mo (2f), W (3f)), Sb-tBu (M = Cr (1g), Mo (2g))]. Reaction of Br2Fe(CO)4 with the corresponding dilithium compounds \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amsmath}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ Li_2 \left\{ {\left[ M \right]\dddot - PPh_2 } \right\} $\end{document} affords the phosphido-bridged heterodimetallic complexes . According to X-ray structural analyses in 2a and 2f the P - E bond distances are shortened while the Mo - E bonds are significantly elongated compared to a single bond. (OC)5CrTHF is added to the Lewis basic E atom in 2b, 2d, and 2g with loss of THF to give P-tBu (4d), Sb-tBu (4g)]. By this reaction the antimony-containing ring 2g is kinetically stabilized. Because of the low basicity of the N atom in 2a no addition was observed. The ring skeleton of 4b and 4g, undergoes no change by Cr(CO)5 coordination as shown by X-ray structural analyses.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): A-Frame complexes ; SO2-bridged complexes ; S, SO, and SO2 ligands ; Insertion reactions ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Synthesis and Structure of Sulfur-, Sulfur Monoxide-, and Sulfur Dioxide-Bridged Dimetallic Complexes of the Type [M(CO)(dppm)]2(μ-S)(μ-L) and [(CO)3M'(dppm)2MX](μ-L') (M = Rh, Ir; M' = Mo, W, Mn; L = SO, SO2; L' = S, SO2; X = Cl, CO)The homo- and heterodimetallic complexes [M(CO)(dppm)]2-(μ-S)(μ-SO2) (M = Rh, Ir) (2a, b), [(CO)3M'(dppm)2MCl](μ-SO2) (M' = Mo, W; M = Rh, Ir) (4a - c), and [(CO)3Mn(dppm)2- Rh(CO)] (6) by passing sulfur dioxide through their solutions. The X-ray structure analysis of 5a shows the SO2 ligand in a bridging position, whereas one CO ligand is semibridging. Treatment of the same starting materials with thiirane S-oxide does not lead to the corresponding SO-bridged dimers, with the only exception of 1b, which yields the new SO complex [(Ir(CO)(dppm)]2(μ-S)(μ-SO) (3b). Passing H2S through a solution of 6, the sulfur-bridged complex [(CO)3Mn(dppm)2- Rh(CO)](μ-S) (8) is formed, accompanied by H2 elimination.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Lithium dicyanomethanide ; Sodium dicyanomethanide ; Dicyanomethanides, lithium, sodium, tetrabutylammonium salts ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Crystal Structures of {Li3(12-crown-4)2[HC(CN)2]3}, {Na(15-crown-5)[HC(CN)2]}, and {NaN(nBu)4[HC(CN)2]2 · THF}The preparation and the crystal structures of the title compounds 1 - 3 are described. 1 forms a polymeric chain structure, in which one of the lithium ions is linked by Li…NCC(H)CN… bridges. The remaining lithium ions form (12-crown-4)Li[NCC(H)CN] units, which are coordinated by one of the nitrogen atoms of the dicyanomethanide ions with the lithium ions of the chain. 2 forms an ion pair, in which the sodium ion is coordinated by the five oxygen atoms of the crown ether molecule and by one nitrogen atom of the dicyanomethanide ion. 3 has a threedimensional network, in which the sodium ions are coordinated in a distorted tetrahedral manner by the nitrogen atoms of the dicyanomethanide ions. In the cavities of the network the tetrabutylammonium ions and the THF molecules are found.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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