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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (8)
  • kinetics  (3)
  • Electron transfer  (2)
  • AM1  (1)
  • Activation volume  (1)
  • Catalase  (1)
  • Cyclizations  (1)
Datenquelle
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (8)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0948-5023
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords Human Carbonic Anhydrase II ; Semiempirical MO Theory ; AM1 ; Enzyme Catalysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The approach of CO2 to a series of active site model complexes of human carbonic anhydrase   II (HCAII) and its catalytic hydration to bicarbonate anion have been investigated using semiempirical MO theory (AM1). The results show that direct nucleophilic attack of zinc-bound hydroxide to the substrate carbon occurs in each model system. Further rearrangement of the bicarbonate complex thus formed via a rotation-like movement of the bicarbonate ligand can only be found in active site model systems that include at least one additional water molecule. Further refinement of the model complex by adding a methanol molecule to mimic Thr-199 makes this process almost activationless. The formation of the final bicarbonate complex by an internal (intramolecular) proton transfer is only possible in the simplest of all model systems, namely {[Im3Zn(OH)]+·CO2}. The energy of activation for this process, however, is 36.8 kcal·mol−1 and thus too high for enzymatic catalysis. Therefore, we conclude that within the limitations of the model systems presented and the level of theory employed, the overall mechanism for the formation of the bicarbonate complex comprises an initial direct nucleophilic attack of zinc-bound hydroxide to carbon dioxide followed by a rotation-like rearrangement of the bicarbonate ligand via a penta-coordinate Zn2+ transition state structure, including the participation of an extra active site water molecule.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1327
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Fe(III) monomer and dimer ; Lipophilic pyridinone ; MeOH/H2O mixed solvent ; Activation volume ; Kinetics and mechanism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract  The kinetics of Fe(III) complexation by lipophilic 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-l(γ-stearoamidopropyl)-4-pyridinone (HMSP) were studied when [Fe(III)] 〉 [HMSP] in MeOH/H2O mixed solvent and [Fe(III)] 〈 [HMSP] in MeOH, respectively. When Fe(III) was in excess, the observed rate constants depend on [Fe(III)]2 tot and on the reciprocal of [H+] and decrease with increasing pressure. ΔV
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1327
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Pentacyanoferrate(III) complexes ; Oxymyoglobin ; Electron transfer ; Kinetics ; Electrostatic potential
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract  The mechanism of the reduction of pentacyanoferrate(III) complexes by oxymyoglobin has been studied by conventional and high-pressure kinetic methods, and also by structural modelling. The results of this and an earlier study show that an outer-sphere mechanism is operating for electron transfer between oxymyoglobin and FeIII(CN)5L n –, independent of the lability of the ligand L. The electron transfer process is preceded by precursor formation at a specific site on the protein close to the protein heme pocket.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Schlagwort(e): Iron(III) ; Peroxo Complexes ; Kinetics ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Catalase ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The new diiron complex [Fe2(tbpo){O2As(CH3)2}(CH3O)(CH3OH)](ClO4)3 · 5 CH3OH · 2 H2O (1) containing a (μ-alkoxo)(μ-dimethylarsinato)diiron(III) core was synthesized using the heptadentate ligand N,N,N′,N′-Tetrakis(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)-1,3-diamino-2-propanol (Htbpo). The complex was characterized structurally by X-ray crystallography. 1reproduces the coordination mode and the stoichiometry of the proposed purple acid phosphatase-arsenate inhibitor complex. More importantly, 1 is a good functional model for the activation of small molecules, since the solvent molecule in the coordination sphere of each iron ion can be substituted very easily by a small substrate molecule. This is confirmed by the comparatively high pH-dependent catalase-like activity of 1. In order to study the influence of the cacodylate bridge on the formation of the metastable adduct with hydrogen peroxide, the analogous hydroxo-bridged complex [Fe2(tbpo)(OH)(NO3)2](NO3)2 · CH3OH · 2 H2O (2) was employed. The reactions of 1and 2 with H2O2 were studied as a function of [H2O2], pH, temperature, and pressure, and the kinetic results including the activation parameters are reported. In the case of compound 2 the reaction proceeds in one step, and the observed first order rate constant, kobs, shows a linear dependence on the hydrogen peroxide concentration with a zero intercept. For complex 1 the kinetic traces could be fitted to two exponential functions. One of the observed pseudo-first-order rate constants, kobs1, exhibits a linear dependence on the hydrogen peroxide concentration with a zero intercept, whereas the other rate constant, kobs2, was independent of the hydrogen peroxide concentration. A mechanistic interpretation is presented.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2005/1999/99068_s.pdf or from the author.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Schlagwort(e): Cyclizations ; Electron transfer ; High-pressure effects ; Radical cations ; Silyl enol ethers ; Solvent effects ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Oxidative photoinduced electron transfer (PET) reactions have been performed with various silyl enol ethers and silyloxy-2H-chromones bearing an olefinic or silylacetylenic side chain. The reactions result in regioselective ring closure with the formation of bi- to tetracyclic ring systems with a well-defined ring juncture, e.g. perhydrophenanthrenones 13 or benzo-annellated xanthenones 24. Our investigations have focussed on the optimization of this cyclization method with regard to irradiation time and product yield. The irradiation times could be reduced by using the cosensitized PET method. Modifying the substrate at the silyl group led to enhanced yields. In addition, we found that solvent and pressure dependences are important tools, allowing control of the regiochemistry. Both the synthesis of 6-endo products by radical cationic reaction pathways, as well as 5-exo ring closure by radical intermediates was achieved. Mechanistic details, including findings from deuterium labelling experiments, are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Schlagwort(e): cobalt ; cytochrome c ; electron transfer ; kinetics ; volume profile ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The Kinetics and Thermodynamics of the Reversible Outer-Sphere Electron-Transfer Reactions between Horse Heart Cytochrome cII/III and [Co(phen)3]3+/2+ and [Co(bpy)3]3+/2+ were studied in detail, in particular as a function of temperature and pressure. It was possible to construct a volume profile for both reactions from the pressure data. The transition state was found to be halfway between the reactant and product states on a volume basis in all studied systems. This is in agreement with the λ≠ parameter estimated from the Marcus theory. For all the systems investigated, the differences in the activation volumes are in good agreement with the reaction volumes determined from spectrophotometric and electrochemical measurements at elevated pressure, and from the difference in the partial molar volumes of the metal complexes. The activation and reaction volumes of the bipyridine system are significantly smaller than those of the corresponding phenanthroline and terpyridine systems. A detailed mechanistic analysis is presented. The results show that the different kinetic and thermodynamic techniques employed complement one another.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Schlagwort(e): cyclic sulfamates ; nucleophiles ; reactivity ; kinetics ; mechanism ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: ---The kinetics of the reaction of four X-3-(p-tolylsulfonyl)-1,2,3-benzoxathiazole 2,2-dioxides (X=5-Cl, 5-Br, 5-NO2 and 6-NO2) with hydroxide ion and imidazole in aqueous acetonitrile and aqueous ethanol solutions were investigated at various pressures. The volumes of activation were all found to be negative and consistent with a bimolecular reaction involving considerable solvent electrostriction. No significant dependence on the solvent composition was found. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Schlagwort(e): kinetics ; reaction mechanisms ; rhodium compounds ; substitutions ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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