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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 51 (1989), S. 225-231 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Oechalia schellembergii ; Searching ; behaviour ; prey perception ; speed of the prey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé O. schellenbergii Guerin-Meneville utilise la vision et l'olfaction pour découvrir ses proies, les chenilles d'Heliothis punctigera Wallenberg. La vision est importante dans la détection des proies en mouvement et l'olfaction aide à la découverte des chenilles immobiles. Les prédateurs consacrent relativement moins de temps à localiser les chenilles mobiles qu'immobiles. Des chenilles mortes mais artificiellement remuées sont perçues et ainsi sujettes à plus d'attaques que si elles étaient immobiles. Les prédateurs réagissent aux excréments des chenilles, ils les touchent avec leurs antennes, les sondent et s'engagent dans une prospection intense aux alentours. Ils ne réagissent qu'à faible distance à une proie cachée et immobile. Le vernissage des antennes semble avoir eu plus d'effet sur la prospection que le vernissage des yeux et des ocelles. Cependant, les punaises dont la vision était compromise ne distinguaient pas les extrémités antérieure et postérieure de la chenille, qui était souvent manquée lors du sondage. Ce sondage des proies était d'ailleurs toujours perturbé; par contre, les individus intacts, attaquaient sélectivement l'extrémité antérieure des chenilles. Le comportement de prospection des punaises, dont la vision et l'olfaction étaient bloquées, était anormal. Elles cherchaient sporadiquement avec leurs rostres, tout en se déplaçant autour de leurs proies, localisées aussi par l'utilisation des tarses antérieurs. Le mouvement de la proie a joué un rôle fondamental dans la détection. Les chenilles lentes ont semblé plus susceptibles d'être découvertes et ainsi attaquées que les rapides.
    Notes: Abstract The predaceous pentatomid, Oechalia schellembergii (Guérin-Meneville) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) used vision and olfaction to locate Heliothis punctigera (Wallengren) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae. Oechalia schellembergii took relatively less time to locate wandering than stationary larvae. Dead, but artificially moved larvae were more prone to attacks than stationary larvae. Predators showed positive response to larval frass, they antennated, probed and carried out an intensive search in its vicinity. Oechalia schellembergii responded to prey that was both concealed and stationary at a close range only. Impairing of antennae had a greater impact on predators searching ability than impairing of eyes and ocelli. Predators without vision failed to differentiate between the anterior and posterior end of the prey and while probing often missed the larva. In contrast, non-impaired individuals selectively attacked the anterior end of prey. Predators with vision and olfaction blocked showed an unusual search pattern. They searched sporadically with proboscis stretched, and also used front tarsi to locate prey. Prey movement played a major part in prey detection. Slow moving larvae appeared to be perceived less readily by predators than fast moving larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1239-1245 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Amorbia cuneana ; Amorbia essigana ; sex pheromone ; sex pheromone component ratios ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; (E,E)-10,12-tetra-decadien-1-ol acetate ; (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The most effective lure for maleAmorbia cuneana (Walsingham) in Orange, Ventura, and Riverside counties of California was previously found to be a 1∶1 ratio of (E,E)-10,12- and (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetates. In subsequent field tests in San Diego and Santa Barbara counties, this lure was ineffective. Analysis of sex pheromone glands (SPG) of femaleA. cuneana from these two counties showed theEE:EZ ratio to be about 1∶9 and synthetic lures of this composition were highly attractive in these areas. Analysis of the SPG of a number of females from both areas showed that there were three population types: two in the low ratio areas possessed 37 and 58%EZ, and the third in the high ratio areas possessed 89%EZ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Western avocado leafroller ; Amorbia cuneana ; sex pheromone ; Tortricidae ; (E,E)- and (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate ; Lepidoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The major volatile components in the extract of the female sex pheromone gland ofAmorbia cuneana consisted of (E,E)- and (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetates. The identification was based on electroantennogram bioassay of gas Chromatographic effluent from sex pheromone gland extract, relative retention times on polar and nonpolar gas chromatographic columns, chemical degradation (ozonolysis, saponification), mass spectrometry, chemical synthetic methods, and field tests. Based on mass spectrometry and retention times by capillary gas chromatography, traces of (E)-10-tetradecen-1-ol acetate and 1-tetradecanol acetate were also present in the extract. Traps baited with a combination of synthetic (E,E)- and (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetates caught more males than did traps baited with females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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