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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (3)
  • Chemistry  (2)
  • Betaine  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Methylamines ; Elasmobranchs ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Trimethylamine oxide ; Betaine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Methylamines are frequently present in high concentrations in biological samples, but their separation and quantification are difficult. Data presented show that methylamines commonly occurring in biological material can be uniquely identified and quantified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy by recording spectra at both neutral and acid pH. Use of a high sensitivity probe permits this analysis even in the presence of high water concentrations, allowing accurate quantification with minimum preparative technique. The method was tested on tissues of the dogfish. Trimethylamine oxide was found in amounts ranging from 42 mmol kg−1 fresh weight in liver, up to 115 mmol kg−1 fresh weight in heart. Betaine was found to range from 10 mmol kg−1 fresh weight in liver to 49 mmol kg−1 fresh weight in brain. Creatine was not found in heart or liver, but was present in body wall muscle and in brain. Further analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography allowed determination of urea/methylamine ratios, which ranged from 1.9 in liver to 3.7 in body wall muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 47 (1993), S. 487-498 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dilute polyolefin solutions, respectively based on EPDM and UHMWPE, were reacted with functionalized silanes to prepare coatings for glass fibers. These were found to provide adequate bonding characteristics for both glass and epoxy resin (bisphenol type). Unidirectional composites containing fiber matrix interlayers, using fibers coated with the aforementioned functionalized polyolefins, were found to exhibit much larger tanδ values over the temperature range of 60 to +60°C and greater ductility in flexural tests, albeit at the expense of a reduction in failure stresses. The UHMWPE coatings produced a multiple step fracture mechanism, which was deemed to provide a more efficient crack stopping mechanism than equivalent EPDM coated fibers. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 14 (1989), S. 7-12 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Interfacial reactions between Al and RuO2, MoOx and WNx diffusion barriers on Si (100) wafers have been studied. The diffusion barrier structures were analyzed before and after various heat treatments using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM). Al was found to reduce the oxides of both Ru and Mo. A 100 Å thick Al2O3 layer developed between the Al and the RuO2 films during annealing at 500°C for 30 minutes. The formation of interfacial Al2O3 efficiently prevents Al penetration but may cause a too high contact resistance for applications in contact structures of microelectronic devices. The WNx barrier was stable after annealing at 600°C for 30 minutes, if the film was exposed to air prior to Al deposition. If, instead, the Al was deposited in situ, the structure failed after annealing at 500°C due to a reaction between Al and W giving WAl12. A thin Al2O3 layer was detected between the Al and the WNx films of the air exposed sample. This layer had the effect of retarding the Al-W reaction and thereby raised the failure temperature of the barrier by at least 100°C.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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