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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (101)
  • Chemical Engineering  (53)
  • General Chemistry  (27)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (16)
  • Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (101)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tg-Composition analysis of miscible polymer blends (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 1355-1361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Several authors have suggested a monotonic variation of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of miscible polymer blends as a function of composition. They usually express the results in terms of equations proposed by Couchman-Karasz, Gordon-Taylor, Fox, and several others. However, we have noticed that numerous systems exhibit a cusp when Tg is plotted as a function of composition (after correction for the presence of crystallinity when semi-crystalline polymers are involved). This cusp cannot appear when the Tg's of the two homopolymers involved are separated by less than about 52 degrees., It will be shown that this observation is quite general since it has been observed with several polyester/chlorinated polymer blends, polycaprolactone/nitrocellulose blends, and polystyrene/poly(vinylmethylether) blends; It will also be shown that this behavior is predicted in the framework of the free volume theory, with equations derived by Kovacs. According to this theory, above a critical concentration φc (relative to the plasticizer) and below a critical temperature Tc, the high-Tc, polymer no longer contributes to the free volume of the mixture whereas it does above Tc. This difference leads to a Tg-composition variation which has to be expressed by two different equations, one below Tc and the other above Tc, the cusp defining the limit of applicability of each equation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760282104
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Toward a high-impact isotactic polystyrene (1994)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 1005-1010 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Brittle isotactic polystyrene has been toughened by the presence of emulsified rubber particles. Semicrystalline diblock copolymers of isotactic polystyrene and polybutadiene functioned successfully as emulsifying agents, as revealed by the results of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Semiquantitative measures of the toughness of the various materials were obtained via a home-built micromechanical testing device. The minimum amount of copolymer required to achieve emulsified morphologies and significant toughness depended on the thermal history of the material being tested.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760341209
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Subunit assembly and metabolic stability of E. coli RNA polymeraseThis is paper No. 10 in the series entitled “Subunit of RNA polymerase in Function and Structure.” Paper No. 9 is ref. 65. (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 2 (1987), S. 42-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): proteolytic cleavage ; immunological cross-reaction ; amber fragment ; temperature-sensitive mutant ; stationary growth-phase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Immunological cross-reaction was employed for identification of proteolytic fragments of E. coli RNA polymerase genered both in vitro and in vivo. Several species of partially denatured but assembled RNA polymerase were isolated, which were composed of fragments of the two large subunits, β and β′, and the two small and intact subunits, α and σ. Comparison of the rate and pathway of proteolytic cleavage in vitro of unassembled subunits, subassemblies, and intact enzymes indicated that the susceptibility of RNA polymerase subunits to proteolytic degradation was dependent on the assembly state.Using this method, degradation in vivo was found for some, but not all, of the amber fragments of β subunit in merodiploid cells carrying both wild-type and mutant rpoB genes. Although the RNA polymerase is a metabolically stable component in exponentially growing cells of E. coli, degradation of the full-sized subunits was found in two cases, i.e., several temperature-sensitive E. coli mutants with a defect in the assembly of RNA polymerase and the stationary-phase cells of a wild-type E. coli. The in vivo degradation of RNA polymerase was indicated to be initiated by alteration of the enzyme structure.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340020106
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Computer analysis of mutations that affect antibody specificity (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 7 (1990), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): protein conformation ; CONGEN ; immunoglobulin ; hydrogen bond ; digoxin ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The mouse hybridoma cell line 40-150 scretes antibodies with high affinity towards the cardiac glycosides digoxin and digitoxin. A spontaneous mutant, 40-150 A2.4, produces and antibody which carries a single residue mutation, Ser → Arg, in its heavy chain (H94) and has an altered specificity. A second order mutant 40-150 A2.4 P.10, produces two antibody molecules, one the same as 40-150 A2.4, the other lacking two residues at the N-terminus of its H chain, and having a specificity profile approaching that of 40-150 antibody. 1 The N-terminus and the position H94 are distant from the antigen-binding site of the antibody; thus, the structural basic of the specificity changes was not immediately clear. Approximate structures of the 40-150 antibody and its mutants were constructed in the computer, based on atomic coordinates of the homologous mouse antibody McPC 603. Using the program OCNGEN, the torsional space of the polypeptide backbone and side chains around position H94 was uniformly sampled, and the lowest energy conformations were analyzed in detail. The results indicate that when Arg-H94 is substituted for Ser. Agr-H94 can hydrogen bond to side chains of Asp-H101, Arg-L46, and Asp-L55. The results in a change in the surface of the combining site which may account for the affinity changes. Deletion of the two N-terminal residues increases solvent accessibility of Arg-H94. The solvation may cause a hydrogen bond between Arg-H94 and Asp-H101 to be lost, restoring the structure to one similar to that of 40-150.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340070109
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Application of a directed conformational search for generating 3-D coordinates for protein structures from α-carbon coordinates (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 14 (1992), S. 465-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): conformational search ; directed searches ; α-carbon coordinates ; modeling ; structure prediction ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A directed conformational search algorithm using the program CONGEN (ref. 3), which samples backbone conformers, is described. The search technique uses information from the partially built structures to direct the search process and is tested on the problem of generating a full set of backbone Cartesian coordinates given only α-carbon coordinates. The method has been tested on six proteins of known structure, varying in size and classification, and was able to generate the original backbone coordinates with RMSs ranging from 0.30-0.87Å for the α-carbons and 0.5-0.99Å RMSs for the backbone atoms. Cis peptide linkages were also correctly identified. The procedure was also applied to two proteins available with only α-carbon coordinates in the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank; thioredoxin (SRX) and triacyiglycerol acylhydrolase (TGL). All-atom models are proposed for the backbone of both these proteins. In addition, the technique was applied to randomized coordinates of flavodoxin to assess the effects of irregularities in the data on the final RMS. This study represents the first time a deterministic conformational search was used on such a large scale. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340140407
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Crystallization of the bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase domain of the human trifunctional enzymeThis is NRCC publication No. 39937. (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 26 (1996), S. 479-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): crystallization ; folate ; multifunctional ; twinning ; dehydrogenase ; cyclohydrolase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Methylenetetrahydrofolate([H4] folate) dehydrogenase (D) and methenyl[H4] folate cyclohydrolase (C) coexist as a bifunctional enzyme (DC) or as the amino-terminal domain of a trifunctional enzyme (DCS) where the third activity is 10-formyl[H4]lfolate synthetase (S). Two crystal forms of the DC domain of the human cytosolic DCS enzyme have been grown from polyethyleneglycol solution. The monoclinic P21 crystals diffract to 2.8 Å with a = 72.5 Å, b = 68.5 Å, c = 125.2 Å, and β = 91.8° but were found to be twinned. The orthorhombic P212121 crystals diffract to 2.5 Å with a = 67.7 Å, b = 135.9 Å, c = 61.6 Å, and contain two molecules per asymmetric unit. Proteins 26:479-480 © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gravity-Driven reactive coating flow down an inclined plane (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 2-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The coating flow of a reactive fluid on an inclined plane is studied. The fluid viscosity steadily increases due to a sustained cross-linking reaction. Using well-known long wave approximations and a simple kinetic relation, we find that the linear stability of a uniform coating is affected not only by the inclination angle but also by the reaction order. In the weakly nonlinear limit, a generalized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (K-S) equation is derived. Two interesting cases are identified in the limit of creeping flow. One is when surface tension is moderate and a generalized Burger's equation results, and the other is when the surface tension is large and the traditional K-S equation is recovered when the inclination angle is greater than 90°. The solution in this case represents a shock-like traveling wave down the incline and it appears to be unique for reacting coating flows.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400103
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inference in dynamic error-in-variable-measurement problems (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 986-996 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Efficient algorithms were developed for estimating model parameters from measured data, even in the presence of gross errors. In addition to point estimates of parameters, however, assessments of uncertainty are needed. Linear approximations provide standard errors, but they can be misleading when applied to models that are substantially nonlinear. To overcome this difficulty, profiling methods were developed for the case in which the regressor variables are error free. These methods provide accurate nonlinear confidence regions, but become expensive for a large number of parameters. These profiling methods are modified to error-in-variable-measurement models with many incidental parameters. Laplace's method is used to integrate out the incidental parameters associated with the measurement errors, and then profiling methods are applied to obtain approximate confidence contours for the parameters. This approach is computationally efficient, requires few function evaluations, and can be applied to large-scale problems. It is useful when certain measurement errors (such as input variables) are relatively small, but not so small that they can be ignored.
    Zusätzliches Material: 17 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430414
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Deactivation of immobilized beef liver catalase by hydrogen peroxide (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 1659-1673 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Immobilized beef liver catalase has been used in a flow reactor to decompose hydrogen peroxide; at the same time the catalase is inactivated by its substrate. A model has been developed which predicts this rate of decomposition of peroxide and inactivation of catalase. First order dependence on peroxide concentration is assumed. The model was verified by experiment for a range of operating conditions and then used to predict the effects of a change in operating variables.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260161208
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mean velocity and turbulence fields inside a β=0.50 orifice flowmeter (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 745-756 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The flow field inside an orifice flowmeter with a beta ratio of 0.50 operating at a Reynolds number of 91,100 has been studied using a three-color, 3-D laser Doppler anemometer system. Mean velocity measurements show large radial velocities leading into the orifice, the fluid separating from the orifice plate at the throat, the presence of a vena contracta farther downstream, flow reattachment to the pipe wall 5.3 pipe radii (R) downstream, the presence of a small upstream recirculation zone, and both a primary and secondary recirculation zone downstream of the orifice plate. The static wall pressure distribution attains a minimum pressure at 1.5 R, which does not coincide with the location of the vena contracta (0.75 R). Distributions of the entire Reynolds stress tensor are presented along with calculated values of turbulence kinetic energy, turbulence kinetic energy production, vorticity, and turbulence induced accelerations. These data are analyzed to interpret the complex turbulent flow field.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390503
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