Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (5)
  • Compensation  (3)
  • respiration-filters  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compensation of postural reactions to fall in the vestibular neurectomized monkey. Role of the remaining labyrinthine afferences (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 37 (1979), S. 563-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibular neurectomy ; Compensation ; Muscle responses to fall ; Remaining labyrinthine afferences ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The electromyographic (EMG) responses from soleus and tibialis anterior muscles and the monosynaptic H- and T-reflex responses from soleus muscles were recorded bilaterally from conscious baboon while unexpectedly dropping it with unrestricted vision. These responses were recorded either after unilateral vestibular neurectomy (U.N. baboons) or after bilateral neurectomy performed in one stage (B.N. 1 baboons) and in two stages (B.N. 2 baboons). A positive correlation was found between modifications and development of EMG responses and reflex data. In the U.N. baboons, some differences were observed when comparing data from the H- and T-reflex methods, suggesting that recovery of normal responses to fall is achieved both by means of direct influences on α-motoneurons and via the γ-loop. In the U.N. baboons postural reactions to fall developed in three distinct periods. The first or critical stage showed asymmetrical EMG and reflex responses with increased responses from contralateral soleus muscle and decreased responses from ipsilateral soleus. Opposite effects were recorded from tibialis anterior flexor muscles. The second or acute stage which began around 4 to 7 days after surgery exhibited symmetrical, but very reduced, responses when compared to the control in soleus muscles, and symmetrical, but increased, responses from tibialis anterior muscles. This stage lasted until about the end of the second postoperative week and was followed by the third or compensatory stage during which EMG as well as reflex responses developed towards the control pattern in all tested muscles. Almost normal responses were recorded on both sides 3 weeks after surgery. Only a partial recovery was found in the B.N. 1 baboons, indicating that the contralateral remaining labyrinthine afferences constitute a necessary condition for the full compensation of postural reactions to fall in the case of unilateral vestibular neurectomy. The Bechterew's compensation was obtained in the B.N. 2 baboons. These results are discussed in relation with the general organization of the vestibulospinal pathways and with those concerning development of the postoperative activity at the vestibular nuclei level. A model of vestibular compensation achieved by means of a multisensory substitution process is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236824
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compensation of postural reactions to free-fall in the vestibular neurectomized monkey (1980)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 40 (1980), S. 103-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibular neurectomy ; Compensation ; Vision ; Free fall ; EMG ; Monkey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In previous studies a contribution of vision to vestibular-dependent muscle responses during free-fall was found in the intact monkey, and the role of remaining labyrinthine afferents in compensation of these postural reactions was studied in vestibular neurectomized monkeys. In the present investigation we have compared the role of visual motion cues in the recovery of muscle responses to fall in unilateral (U.N.) and bilateral vestibular neurectomized (B.N.) baboons. During free-fall, electromyographic (EMG) responses were recorded from splenius capitis, soleus and tibialis anterior muscles. EMG activities were recorded in two randomly presented conditions: with normal motion of the visual world (NV) and with the visual world stabilized with respect to the baboon's head (SV) until 6 weeks after surgery. In B.N. baboons, results showed that condition SV was accompanied by a very strong motor depression during the entire test period. A greater decrease was observed in the splenius and soleus muscles. In U.N. baboons, significantly depressed EMG responses were recorded in the SV condition during the first two stages of compensation only (0–2 weeks), in all tested muscles except the tibialis anterior muscle. On the other hand, these motor depressions appeared to depend upon the level of neuronal resting activity in the vestibular nuclei. It is inferred that the partial recovery of muscle responses to fall observed in B.N. baboons in the NV condition is mainly due to visual information concerning motion, which replaces to the labyrinthine afferents. In U.N. baboons, the visual motion cues would fulfil only a transitory substitution function by supplying the decrease of neuronal activity in the vestibular nuclei. Later on, full compensation would be carried out by means of the remaining labyrinth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236668
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual influences on vestibulospinal reflexes during vertical linear motion in normal and hemilabyrinthectomized monkeys (1981)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 43 (1981), S. 383-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vision ; Vestibular system ; Monkey ; Fall ; EMG ; Compensation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the present investigation, we have analysed the visually induced modulations of muscular responses during falls at different rates of acceleration and performed in five different visual conditions: Normal vision (NV), Darkness (D), Stabilized vision (SV), with visual motion cues being enhanced (EV), or reduced (RV). This study was conducted on normal and hemilabyrinthectomized baboons. EMG activities were recorded in the alert monkey from three pairs of muscles (splenius capitis, soleus and tibialis anterior). For testing, the monkey was seated in a special chair unexpectedly dropped by 0.9 m. Five peaks of maximum acceleration were used (8.8, 6.6, 4.4, 3.3, 2.2 m/s2). Conditions EV, SV and RV were tested by way of a projector, the input of which consisted of the integral of vertical acceleration and output, the output of which controlled film motion. In the normal baboon the visually induced modu-lation of EMG responses in the SV, EV, and RV conditions was larger for slow falls than for fast ones. This modulation was direction-specific, at least for slow falls, and depended on the relative speed of the visual scene. Between certain limits, the energy of the responses was roughly proportional to the relative speed of the visual scene. These modifications were most accentuated in the splenius and soleus muscles. Condition D only produced a slight reduction of the EMG response. All these findings eliminate the possibility that the observed effects represent a startle response. Thus, we can conclude that there is a fast directional role of vision in postural control in the normal falling baboon. In the hemilabyrinthectomized animal, greater modulations were recorded only when the visual manipulations were performed during the first two postoperative weeks. This confirms the above results on the normal baboon and previous data on the role of vision in the recovery process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238381
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Filter bei Beatmungstherapie und Inhalationsnarkose? 1. Hygienische und ökonomische Gesichtspunkte bei der Verwendung von Bakterienfiltern (1997)
    Springer
    Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 34 (1997), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Keywords: Key words Bacterial-filters ; HME-filters ; heat and moisture-exchanger ; respiration-filters ; inhalation anaesthesia ; Schlüsselwörter Bakterienfilter ; HME-Filter ; Künstliche Nase ; Beatmungsfilter ; Inhalationsnarkose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bakterienfilter können bei der Inhalationsnarkose eine Kontamination des Kreissystems durch die respiratorische Flora der Patienten sicher verhindern. Ein Schlauchwechsel nach jeder Operation ist dann nicht mehr erforderlich. Das Wechselintervall der Narkoseschläuche kann auf mindestens einen Tag verlängert werden. Durch Ein-sparungen in der Wiederaufbereitung und geringeren Materialverschleiß werden deutliche ökonomische Vorteile erzielt. Bisher gibt es keinen Hinweis dafür, daß Bakterienfilter die Rate der Beatmungspneumonie senken können. Ihr Einsatz auf Intensivstationen ist damit nicht zu empfehlen. Das Wechselintervall der Beatmungsschläuche kann auch ohne den Einsatz von Bakterienfiltern auf mindestens sieben Tage ausgedehnt werden, ohne einen Anstieg der Pneumonierate zu riskieren. Auch dadurch werden erhebliche Kosten eingespart.
    Notes: Summary Bacterial respiration filters are able to prevent the contamination of anesthetic equipment in inhalation anesthesia. In consequence, no further changes of tubes are required for each patient, and the tubes can be changed daily or at even longer intervals. As a result of an decreased frequency of reprocessing and less damage of the tubing material an economic advantage is obvious. There are no studies indicating a reduction of frequency of pneumonia during mechanical ventilation by bacterial respiration filters. Thus the use of these filters is not recommended in intensive care units. Furthermore, no changes of tubes are recommended every 48 h; they can be changed at least once a week without the use of bacterial respiration filters. This is possible without additional risk for patients to acquire pneumonia and also leads to enormous cost reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003900050032
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Filter bei Beatmungstherapie und Inhalationsnarkose? 2. Hygienische und ökonomische Gesichtspunkte bei der Verwendung von HME-Filtern (1997)
    Springer
    Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 34 (1997), S. 307-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Keywords: Key words HME-filters ; heat and moisture exchanger ; bacterial-filters ; respiration-filters ; inhalation anaesthesia ; Schlüsselwörter HME-Filter ; künstliche Nase ; Bakterienfilter ; Beatmungsfilter ; Inhalationsnarkose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Einsatz von HME-Filtern bei Inhalationsnarkosen ist derzeit nicht zu empfehlen, da experimentelle Untersuchungen eine mögliche Keimübertragung vom Patienten auf das Schlauchsystem und umgekehrt gezeigt haben. Repräsentative klinische Studien zur Senkung der postoperativen Pneumonie durch HME-Filter liegen nicht vor. Auch gibt es keinen Hinweis, daß HME-Filter die Rate der Beatmungspneumonie senken können. Beatmungsschläuche von Intensivpatienten können auch ohne HME-Filter erst nach 7 Tagen gewechselt werden ohne eine höhere Pneumonierate zu riskieren. Damit ist der Einsatz von HME-Filtern aus hygienischen Gründen auch auf Intensivstationen nicht notwendig. Die Atemgasklimatisierung mit HME-Filtern hat gegenüber der traditionellen Kaskadenbefeuchtung ökonomische Nachteile.
    Notes: Summary Several studies have shown that HME-filters are not able to prevent the contamination of anesthetic equipment in inhalation anesthesia under experimental conditions. No study could show so far that the frequency of postoperative pneumonia can be decreased with HME-filters. Thus the use of HME-filters in inhalation anesthesia cannot be recommended at present. In addition there are no studies indicating a reduction of frequency of pneumonia during mechanical ventilation by HME-filters in intensive care units. Tubes of mechanical ventilated patients can be changed once a week without the use of HME-filters. This is possible without additional risk for patients to acquire pneumonia. From an economical point of view heat and moisture exchange by cascade is superior to HME-filters. In consequence, for hygienic reasons there is no rational for the use of HME-filters in intensive care units.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003900050054
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...