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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (3)
  • platelet aggregation  (2)
  • renal insufficiency  (1)
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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (3)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): kelfiprim ; trimethoprim combination ; sulfamethopyrazine combination ; pharmacokinetics ; renal insufficiency
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The combination of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethopyrazine (SMP) has been successfully used to treat chronic urinary tract infections. Since parenchymal involvement associated with renal insufficiency of varying degree is not infrequent in these patients, it was considered important to study the pharmacokinetics of TMP and SMP in a fixed dose combination. Four groups of patients were studied: 1) 4 patients with endogenous creatinine clearance (CLcR) between 80 and 40 ml/min; 2) 3 patients with CLcR between 40 and 10 ml/min; 3) 3 patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis (CAPD); and 4) 3 patients on haemodialysis. A single oral dose of 250 mg TMP and 200 mg SMP was given to each patient. Multiple samples were collected over 9 days and the following pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated: total area under the plasma level curve, slow disposition rate constant β and the corresponding t1/2β, plasma clearance and the apparent volume of distribution. The results show that the two moieties of the TMP-SMP combination behaved differently in uraemic patients as fas as elimination rate was concerned. TMP was eliminated more slowly both in patients with diminished renal function and in those subjected to haemo- or peritoneal dialysis. The reduction in the rate of elimination of TMP was significantly correlated with the degree of renal impairment. The elimination of SMP, however, was not significantly affected by the reduced renal function; indeed a tendency to increase was noted, at least in dialyzed patients. However, as in patients with mild renal insufficiency (CLcR〉40 ml/min) no substantial change in plasma clearance rate need be expected, the TMP-SMP combination could be given to them in the same dose schedule as in people with normal renal function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): indobufen ; platelet aggregation ; single dose ; bioavailability ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Six healthy volunteers received single iv and oral doses of 2-[p-(1-oxo-2-isoindolinyl)phenyl] butyric acid 100 mg (indobufen; K 3920), an inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Plasma levels and urinary excretion of the drug were determined by GLC. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was assessed turbidimetrically at various intervals after administration. The plasma half-life of the drug was 7–8 h and more than 70% of the administered dose was recovered within 48 h in urine, as unchanged drug and as the glucuronide of indobufen. After oral administration of tablets of two different formulations, the drug was completely absorbed, but one formulation showed faster absorption. The maximal inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation was observed 1 to 4 h after iv administration, and it had decreased by 8 h. After tablets, peak effect and the time of the peak were similar, but activity was significantly prolonged, in accordance with the higher plasma levels found at 8 h. The data suggest that the effect of indobufen on platelets is reversible, and that for this drug platelets behave as a compartment that slowly equilibrates with plasma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): indobufen ; platelet aggregation ; food effect on bioavailability ; repeated administration ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The effect of food on bioavailability of indobufen tablets was investigated in 6 healthy volunteers. Subsequently, the same subjects took 100 mg b.i.d. for 7 days. Plasma levels and urinary excretion of indobufen were determined by GLC. Platelet aggregation induced by several concentrations of adrenaline was determined turbidimetrically at various times after the first and last doses. The absorption of indobufen tablets was not substantially impaired by the presence of food in the GI tract, although peak plasma levels and AUCs were slightly reduced after food. Pharmacokinetic analysis of plasma and urinary levels of indobufen did not indicate any change in drug disposition after repeated dosing. Adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation was markedly inhibited for up to 12 h after the first dose and the intensity and duration of this effect did not change after repeated administration. A twice-daily dosing appears suitable for clinical trials.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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