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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1933-1939 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Flux pinning, flux creep, and flux-line lattice dynamics ; Critical currents ; Material effects onT c, κ, critical currents (including impurities, ion implantation, etc.) ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary Bulk slabs of sintered YBCO were irradiated with monoenergetic protons at different energies (3.5 and 6.5 MeV) and different fluences, ranging from 1.8·1016 to 8.6·1016 p/cm2. The effects on intergrain critical currents of protons crossing the sample and the effects of protons implanting in the specimen, has been studied by means of a.c. susceptibility characterizations. D.c. hysteresis cycles were measured in low fields in order to investigate the modifications in the intergrain critical current density due to proton implantation. The main result is the evidence that the intergrainJ c response to the applied field can be modulated by means of the proton irradiation. Resistive measurements were also performed in order to investigate the complex transport phenomena in polycrystalline materials. Irradiation-induced effects on both superconducting- and normal-state resistivity are studied. The addition of extrinsic defects can lead to enhanced transport properties, emerging especially when a magnetic field is applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1877-1884 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Superconductivity: Critical currents ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary A full set of facilities for transport characterisation of HTS as well as a set of crucial measurements are presented which point out the possible sources of errors of the «home-made» apparatus. The main characteristics are the automatisation of the whole data acquisition, the appositely designed hardware and software with suitable error messages, the on-line statistical treatment of data, the possibility of on-line optimisation of the current pulses and finally the availability of quasi-static temperature conditions in theR vs. T curves. The d.c. four-point method with bipolar d.c. pulsed current is employed. The experimental techniques chosen to obtain specific metrological achievements are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 92 (1992), S. 410-415 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Bud development ; Cell elasticity ; Osmotic potential ; Turgor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seasonal variation in water relations of 3-yearold white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) shoots, monitored with pressure-volume curves over 28 months, was closely related to shoot phenology and was sensitive to environmental fluctuations during both summer growth and winter dormancy. Turgor maintenance capacity was lowest during rapid shoot elongation from late May to early July; this was indicated by the lowest total turgor pressures, the highest (least negative) osmotic potentials at full turgor and the turgor loss point, the smallest differences between osmotic potentials at full turgor and the turgor loss point, the highest relative water contents at turgor loss and a linear decline in cell elasticity with decreasing turgor pressure. This suggests that the high susceptibility of white spruce seedlings to growth check after transplanting is largely attributable to the poor turgor maintenance capacity of this species in early summer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Morphometrie ; Histopathologie ; Megakaryozyten ; CML ; Chronische myeloproliferative Erkrankungen ; Key words Morphometry ; Histopathology ; Megakaryocytes ; CML ; Chronic myeloproliferative disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Morphometric analysis of sections of biopsy specimens from patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) can complement the individual histological diagnosis and help to distinguish the four groups of CMPD. A total of 130 diagnostic biopsies from 29 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML.CT), 26 cases of (CML.MI), 28 of essential thrombocythemia (PTH), 26 cases of chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic myelosis (CMGM), and 21 of polycythemia vera (P. vera), and 30 from healthy control persons were evaluated morphometrically in sections of undecalcified plastic-embedded core biopsies. Clear distinctions were revealed in size of megakaryocytes, nuclear lobulation, clustering, and the nuclear size and shape of megakaryocytes. Nuclear size and cellular size were significantly less in CML (range of means of cellular size: 220–360 μm2) than in the other three Ph1-negative groups (range of means: 480–750 μm2). Nuclear lobulation was more distinct in PTH than in P. vera, and especially in CMGM. Clustering of megakaryocytes was more than twice as frequent in CMGM (8.0–10.5 %) as in any of the other three groups (0.1–7.0 %). Naked nuclei were more numerous in all groups of CMPD. The main topic of the study is the different size of megakaryocytes in the four main groups of CMPE, allowing a distinction between small-megakaryocytic Ph1-positive CML and large-megakaryocytic Ph1-negative forms of CMPD.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Morphometrische Untersuchungen an histologischen Schnitten von Biopsien chronischer myeloproliferativer Erkrankungen (CMPE) können die individuelle histologische Diagnose unterstützen und zur Unterscheidung der 4 Gruppen der CMPE beitragen. Eine Gesamtzahl von 130 Biopsien, unterteilt in 29 Fälle von CML ohne Megakaryozytenvermehrung (CML.CT), 26 Fälle von CML mit Megakaryozytenvermehrung (CML.MI), 28 Fälle von essentieller Thrombozythämie (PTH), 26 Fälle von chronischer megakaryozytär-granulozytärer Myelose (CMGM) und 21 Fälle von Polycythämia vera (P. vera) sowie eine Anzahl von 30 Kontrollbiopsien gesunder Personen wurden morphometrisch untersucht in Schnitten von nicht entkalkten, in Plastik eingebetteten Knochenmarkbiopsien. Sichere Unterscheidungen der Gruppen sind möglich durch • Größe der Megakaryozyten, • Kernlobulierung und Kerngröße und • die Form der Megakaryozyten. Kern- und Zellfläche waren bei der CML signifikant kleiner (Streuung der Mittelwerte der Zellfläche: 220–360 μm2) als bei den 3 Ph1-negativen Erkrankungen (Streuung der Mittelwerte der Zellfläche: 480–750 μm2). Die Kernlobulierung war bei der PTH ausgeprägter als bei der CMGM und der P. vera. Das Clustering von Megakaryozyten war mehr als doppelt so häufig bei der CMGM (8,0–10,5 %), verglichen mit den 3 anderen CMPE (0,1–7,0 %). – Nacktkernige Megakaryozyten waren gegenüber den Kontrollen bei allen CMPE erhöht. Hauptergebnis ist die unterschiedliche Größe der Megakaryozyten zwischen der CML und den 3 Ph1-negativen Gruppen, so daß von der kleinmegakaryozytäre Ph1-positive CML und den großmegakaryozytäre Ph1-negativen CMPE gesprochen werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    New forests 7 (1993), S. 55-61 
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: bud initiation ; diffusate-conductivity method ; greenhouse production ; over-wintering ; photoperiod
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Eastern larch (Larix laricina [du Roi] K. Koch) container seedlings were tested to determine shoot frost hardiness development under short or long days and warm (15 to 25 °C) or cool (10/5 °C, day/night) temperatures, to aid in the development of greenhouse hardening strategies. Seedlings were sampled sequentially over time (25 seedlings per week) from a population of 1000 trees. Frost hardiness increased significantly after one week of fluctuated over the next 6 weeks, and increased thereafter through week 14. Seven weeks of warm, intermittent short days, followed by 6 weeks of cool, continuous short days, resulted in greater frost hardiness than 13 weeks of warm, intermittent short days. In contrast, seedlings exposed to 7 weeks of warm, intermittent short days, followed by six weeks of warm, long days were significantly less frost hardy. Stems with needles attached had lower Index of Injury than stems without needles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Nicotinic receptors ; ontogeny ; receptor autoradiography ; in situ hybridization ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The expression of the α4 and β2 subunits of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) was studied in developing rat brain using in situ hybridization. The levels of both transcripts were already high at birth in cerebral cortex, medial habenula, CA1/CA3 regions of the hippocampus and several thalamic nuclei. In general, the β2 subunit showed a higher density of hybrids than the α4. β2 expression did not change with age in the medial habenula, medial geniculate nucleus or in the hippocampus whereas it decreased in the cortex. The developmental pattern of the hybridization signal for α4 was different according to the brain area considered. The expression of the two transcripts showed a biphasic pattern in some thalamic nuclei: the lowest levels occurring during the first and second postnatal weeks respectively, and the highest levels during the second and fourth postnatal weeks. The ontogenetic profile of the expression of the α4 subunit in the thalamic nuclei coincided with that of [3H]-L-nicotine binding sites. These findings suggest that the two subunits of nAChRs are independently regulated in most of the brain areas examined, and that in some regions, such as the thalamus, the ontogenetic variations reported for the α4 subunit correlate with those observed for the [3H]-L-nicotine binding sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: Defect implantation ; sintered YBCO ; magnetic properties ; transport properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with proton irradiation effects on the intragrain and intergrain magnetic and transport properties of sintered YBCO. We have irradiated slab-shaped samples with beams at different fluences and energies, aiming at checking the possibility to modify in a planned way critical currents by means of proton implantation. Magnetic characterizations show enhanced intragrain pinning. Emphasis is given to the possibility to modulate intergrain magnetic properties by irradiation, determining critical current enhancement in optimal field and temperature ranges. Resistive measurements were performed in order to investigate the complex transport phenomena in polycrystalline materials, where superconducting and normal conduction mechanisms coexist. Irradiation-induced effects on both superconducting and normal state resistivity are studied. The addition of extrinsic defects leads to enhanced transport properties, emerging especially when a magnetic field is applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    New forests 1 (1987), S. 239-244 
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: plant moisture stress ; drying ; phytoxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The antitranspirants Plantco, Cloudcover, Vapor Gard and Dow X2-1337 were effective in reducing water loss from black spruce container seedlings. Clearspray and Folicote were unable to reduce moisture loss. Toxicity symptoms and abnormal bud flushing were evident in Vapor Gard treated seedlings. Surfactants failed to increase the effectiveness of Vapor Gard at lower, non-toxic concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 18 (1982), S. 121-125 
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract В качестве путей загпавного процесса были исследованы хлорирование лутидина до 2,6-бис (хлорометил) пиридина или его каталическое окисление до 2,6-пиридиндикарбальдегида с последующим гидролизом или гидрированием до конечного продукта, соответственно. В обоих случаях были получены интересные общие выходы. Выбор того или иного путя, скорее всего, зависит от зкономических, нежели от химических соображений.
    Notes: Abstract Chlorination of lutidine to 2,6-bis(chloromethyl)pyridine, or its catalytic oxidation to 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde, respectively, followed by hydrolysis or by hydrogenation to the end product, were investigated as possible routes for the title process. In both cases interesting overall yields were obtained. The choice between the routes seems then to depend more on economical, rather than on chemical considerations.
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