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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding of [3H] γ-Aminobutyric Acid and [3H]Muscimol in Purified Rat Brain Synaptic Plasma Membranes and the Effects of Bicuculline (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 39 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The binding of [3H] γ-aminobutyric acid ([3H]GABA) and [3H]muscimol has been studied in purified synaptic plasma membrane (SPM) preparations from rat brain. Scatchard analysis of specific binding (defined as that displaced by 100 μMγ-aminobutyrate) indicated that the binding of both radiolabelled ligands was best described by a two component Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The apparent KD and Bmax values for [3H]GABA at 4°C were KD1, 20 nM; KD2,165 nM; Bmax1, 0.48 pmol;Bmax2, 6.0 pmol. mg−1; for [3H]muscimol at 4°C they were: KD1, 1.75 nM; KD2, 17.5 nM; Bmaxl, 0.84 pmol. mg−1; Bmax2, 4.8 pmol.mg−1; and for [3H]muscimol at 37°C they were: KD1, 7.0 nM; Km, 60 nM; Bmax], 0.5 pmol-mg−1; Bmax2, 7.2 pmol-mg1. Under the experimental conditions used, the similar Bmilx values for [3H]GABA and [3H]muscimol binding to the SPM preparations suggests that the high- and low-affinity components for the two radiolabeled ligands are identical. The effects of the GAB A antagonist bicuculline on the binding of [3H]muscimol at 4CC and 37°C were studied. At 4°C, antagonism of muscimol binding appeared to be competitive at the high-affinity site but noncompetitive at the low-affinity site. At 37°C, antagonism was again competitive at the high-affinity site but was of a mixed competitive/noncompetitive nature at the low-affinity site. Assuming that binding to the high-affinity site is associated with the pharmacological actions of bicuculline, the apparent KD values obtained suggest a pA2 value of 5.3 against [3H]muscimol at 4°C and 37°C. This figure is in good agreement with several estimates of the potency of bicuculline based on pharmacological measurements. Results from displacement studies using [3H]GABA and [3H]muscimol suggest that [3H]GABA might be a more satisfactory ligand than [3H]muscimol in GABA radioreceptor assays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb04700.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide in human skin and on histamine release (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 114 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) produced a dose-related wheal and flare reaction in human skin at doses of 12.5 to 50 pmol. The flare response but not the wheal response to CGRP and substance P were inhibited by prior treatment of the subject with oral chlorpheniramine, 16 mg. CGRP, but not substance P, was potent in producing a delayed erythema and surrounding pallor in human skin, which peaked at 1 h and persisted for more than 3 h after injection, when wheal and flare responses had subsided. The delayed response was accompanied by infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The delayed erythema and pallor produced in response to CGRP were not inhibited by oral chlorpheniramine, or by 4% prilocaine injected locally. CGRP released histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells over the concentration range 2.5–10 μM. CGRP was about fourfold less potent than substance P in releasing histamine. The substance Panalogue, [D-Pro4, D-Trp7,9,10]SP4–11 10 μM, and benzalkonium chloride 10 μM inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells stimulated by either CGRP or substance P.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02777.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the actions of substance P, somatostatin, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on rat peritoneal mast cells and in human skin (1985)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 331 (1985), S. 364-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Substance P ; Somatostatin ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; Human skin ; Mast cells ; Compound 48/80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1) Substance P (SP), somatostatin (Som), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) induced a concentration-dependent release of histamine from isolated rat peritoneal mast cells. 2) The release of histamine induced by these neuropeptides was inhibited by preincubation of the cells with the SP analogue [d-Pro4,d-Trp7,9,10]-SP4–11 (SP-A) (10 μM), and also by benzalkonium chloride (10 μM). In addition, SP-A inhibited histamine release induced by compound 48/80, whilst that induced by goat anti-(rat-IgE) was unaffected. 3) In human skin, intradermal injection of SP, Som, or VIP produced flare and wheal responses. The flares to all three peptides were inhibited by preinjection of the skin with SP-A (25 pmol), whilst the wheal responses were unaffected. 4) It is concluded that the receptors mediating histamine release and the flare response are similar, and that SP, Som, and VIP are acting at a similar receptor to produce these effects. It is probable that this receptor is also the site of action of compound 48/80.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500821
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action of the SP2–11 and SP3–11 fragments of substance P on rat peritoneal mast cells (1987)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 20 (1987), S. 178-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ability of the SP fragments SP2–11 and SP3–11 to release histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells has been compared with that of the whole peptide. SP1–11 was found to be about 3.4 times more active than SP2–11 and about 10.4 times more active than SP3–11. The substance P antagonist [D-Pro4, D-Trp7,9,10] SP4–11 was equally effective at antagonizing the histamine releasing action of SP1–11, SP2–11 and SP3–11. Benzalkonium chloride was found to be a competitive antagonist of SP and SP3–11: the dissociation constants for the benzalkonium chloride-receptor interaction being about the same when either SP1–11 or SP3–11 was used as the agonist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02074662
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B. Pituitary adenomas (1973)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 28 (1973), S. 222-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01432234
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The substance P receptor on rat mast cells and in human skin (1984)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 14 (1984), S. 420-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract (D-Pro4 D-Trp7,9,10)SP4–11 (SPA) has been shown to be a competitive antagonist of the histamine releasing action of substance P in rat peritoneal mast cells. Antagonist activity of SPA is expressed in the concentration range 1 to 10 μM, but at higher concentrations SPA releases histamine. SPA inhibits the flare response induced by substance P in human skin but is without effect on the wheal response. Up to 12.5 pmol SPA produces neither wheal nor flare response by itself. The structurally related peptide, kassinin, does not cause histamine release from rat mast cells at concentrations up to 10 μM whereas the methyl ester of substance P was found to 1.6 times more active than substance P in this respect. The findings are discussed in terms of the classification of substance P receptors and the mechanism of wheal and flare in human skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973842
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nachweis und Lokalisation von Hirntumoren mit Radioneohydrin (1966)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 14 (1966), S. 105-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cerebral scinti-scanning with radioactive neohydrin has distinguished itself by proving to be a simple method. A satisfactory tumour-brain ratio is obtained 4 hours after the injection. This depends upon a rapid fall in the radioactivity in the blood which results in diminished radiation to the kidneys. Among 110 patients there were 5 false positives and 5 false negative results with cerebral scinti-scanning. 53 patients came to operation; 5 of them (9%) had a false negative scintigram; if one includes the doubtful results the number is increased to 11 (21%). Cerebral scinti-scanning with radioactive neohydrin is already a practicable investigation and it should be remembered that substances with shorter physical and shorter biological half lives will be used in the future.
    Abstract: Résumé La scintigraphie cérébrale avec la néohydrine radioactive s'est distinguée en prouvant qu'elle était une méthode simple. Une dose satisfaisante de la tumeur cérébrale est obtenue 4 heures après l'injection. Celle-ci dépend de la chute rapide de la radioactivité dans le sang qui résulte des radiations diminuées au niveau des reins. Parmi 110 malades, il y eut 5 faux résultats positifs et 5 faux résultats négatifs avec la scintigraphie cérébrale. 53 patients furent opérés, 5 d'entre eux (9%) avaient un faux scintigramme négatif, si on ajoute les résultats douteux, le nombre est porté à 11 (21%). La scintigraphie cérébrale avec la néohydrine radioactive est une exploration pratique. Il faut que des substances avec une demi-vie physique et biologique plus courte doivent être employées dans le futur.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Hirnszintigraphie mit Radioneohydrin zeichnet sich durch eine einfache Applikationstechnik aus. 4 Stunden nach der Injektion ist eine günstige Tumor-Hirn-Relation erreicht, die auf dem raschen Abfall der Radioaktivität im Blut beruht. Nachteilig wirkt sich die Strahlenbelastung der Nieren aus. Unter 110 Patienten fanden sich 5 falsch positive und 5 falsch negative Ergebnisse der Hirnszintigraphie. 53 Kranken kamen zur Operation; 5=9% hatten szintigraphisch einen falsch negativen Befund. Rechnet man die zweifelhaften Ergebnisse hinzu, so erhöht sich diese Zahl auf 11=21%. Die Hirnszintigraphie mit Radioneohydrin ist eine brauchbare Suchmethode, doch ist damit zu rechnen, daß zukünftig Substanzen mit kürzerer physikalischer bzw. kürzerer biologischer Halbwertszeit verwendet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401894
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopic findings on the rabbit meninges after local lavage with Polyvinylpyrrolidon-Jod-Komplex (1985)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 77 (1985), S. 72-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Prevention of postoperative infection ; microbicides ; Polyvinylpyrrolidon-Jod-Komplex ; scanning electron microscopy ; meningeal reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The microbicide Polyvinylpyrrolidon-Jod-Komplex (P.J.K.) was experimentally evaluated for its use in local lavage of the epidural space. In 20 rabbits a lumbar laminectomy was performed followed either by local lavage with P.J.K. or with NaCl. After one month the meningeal covering of the operated spinal cords revealed no signs of fibrosis or arachnoid adhesions when studied macroscopically or by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Problematik der wachsenden Schädelfraktur (1966)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 316 (1966), S. 330-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02433638
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some properties of graph centroids (1991)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 33 (1991), S. 227-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The concept of a branch weight centroid has been extended in [12] so that it can be defined for an arbitrary finite setX with a distinguished familyC of "convex" subsets ofX. In particular, the centroid of a graphG was defined forX to be the vertex setV(G) ofG andU ⊂V(G) is convex if it is the vertex set of a chordless path inG. In this paper, which is an extended version of [13], we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a graph to be a centroid of another graph as well as of itself. Then, we apply these results to some particular classes of graphs: chordal, Halin, series-parallel and outerplanar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02115757
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