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  • Electronic Resource  (7)
  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1960-1964  (3)
  • 1900-1904
  • 1993  (4)
  • 1964  (3)
Material
  • Electronic Resource  (7)
Years
  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1960-1964  (3)
  • 1900-1904
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 6 (1993), S. 79-91 
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: associative learning ; grasshopper ; palpation ; plant surface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The behavioral responses of final-instar nymphs of Schistocerca americanato a variety of acceptable and unacceptable plants were recorded. Palpation occurred on all plants and the palps are involved in both acceptance and rejection. On most unacceptable plants, rejection was at first dependent on biting the leaf, but subsequently on Lantana, Machaeranthera, Moms,and Physalis,rejection often occurred after palpation of the surface alone. This is consistent with the suggestion that associative learning occurs. This response did not wane even when the insects had been without food for over 2 h. There was also some evidence of an innate response to the surface characteristics of Physalis.The features of the surfaces that produced these responses were not determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 7 (1964), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Beziehung zweier Kohlfliegen-Populationen (Hylemyia brassicae Bouché) zu fäulniserregenden Bakterien an Kreuzblütlern in Verbindung mit dem von den Larven verursachten Schaden untersucht. 92 bez. 90% der Eier und 100 bez. 35% der Puparien, die sich an Kohlrüben und Chinakohl entwickelten, trugen pathogene Bakterien. Pathogene Kulturen wurden von 44% der Präpuppen-Häute aus Puparien der Chinakohl-Populationen erhalten. Die Larven vermochten fäulniserregende Bakterien wirksam auf gesunde Gewebe zu übertragen und förderten die Entwicklung und Ausbreitung der Fäule. Beim Schlüpfen waren die Imagines innerlich nicht stark kontaminiert, beschmierten sich aber offenbar äußerlich durch Kontakt mit dem Inneren der Puppengehäuse und der Präpuppen-Häute. Ein als Erwinia spec. identifizierter Bakterientyp konnte durchgängig von allen Stadien der Kohlfliege isoliert werden, die sich an Kohlrüben entwickelten. Er verursacht bei Kohlrüben eine langsame nekrotische Fäulnis und dunkle Verfärbung der befallenen Gewebe. Dieses Bakterium scheint antagonistisch zu anderen Bakterien zu sein, da nur sehr wenige andere Keime mit Stadien der Insekten dieser Population vergesellschaftet gefunden wurden. Umgekehrt fanden sich viele verschiedene Bakterientypen auf Stadien der auf dem Chinakohl lebenden Kohlfliegen. Die Virulenz der pathogenen Kulturen variierte beträchtlich, jedoch verursachten alle irgendeine Art der Weichfäule. Einige dieser aus dem Inneren oberflächlich sterilisierter Puparien isolierten Kulturen wurden als Pseudomonas spec. and Aerobacter spec. bestimmt. Die Art der bakteriellen Kontamination der Kohlfliege scheint hauptsächlich von der Empfänglichkeit ihrer kreuzblütigen Wirtspflanzen gegenüber verschiedenen Typen der Fäulnis nach Verletzung durch die Kohlfliegenmaden abhängig zu sein. Die allgemeinen Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Insekt und den fäulniserregenden Bakterien werden beschrieben.
    Notes: Abstract Bacteria pathogenic to crucifers were isolated from 92% of the eggs from flies of the cabbage maggot, Hylemyia brassicae (Bouché) of a population from rutabaga (Swede; Brassica napus napobrassica) and from 90% of those from a population from Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis). The larvae transmitted the decay-causing bacteria to healthy tissues and aided in the development and spread of the rot. Of bacterial isolates from the interior of surface-sterile puparia, decay was caused by 100% of those from the rutabaga population and 35% of those from Chinese cabbage. Pathogenic cultures were also obtained from 44% of the prepupal linings of the Chinese cabbage population. The light internal contamination of adults at eclosion showed that the flies became contaminated externally from the interior of the puparia. The two populations of H. brassicae studied were contaminated with distinctly different types of bacteria. Erwinia sp., the predominant isolate from the rutabaga population, grew best on rutabaga. It caused a slow necrotic collapse and a dark pigmentation of the tissues, but not a soft-rot. Many different types of bacterial contaminants were associated with the stages of the cabbage maggot from Chinese cabbage. Green pigmenting, non-pathogenic forms were very prevalent. All pathogenic cultures caused some type of soft-rot. Some of these cultures were identified as Pseudomonas sp. and Aerobacter sp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 7 (1964), S. 115-119 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Kohlfliege, Hylemyia brassicae (Bouché), wurde vom Ei bis zur Imago auf keimfreiem Kohlrüben-Gewebe gezogen. Insgesamt verpuppten sich 17 aseptische Larven; und die 6 Männchen und 7 Weibchen, die später daraus schlüpften, waren ebenfalls bakterienfrei. Die Larven entwickelten sich nicht auf hitzesterilisiertem Gewebe, oder wenn dieses Gewebe mit fäulniserregenden Bakterien versetzt wurde. Ein Vergleich der Larvalentwicklung auf aseptischen Kohlrüben-Stücken, die mit verschiedenen Arten fäulniserregender Bakterien infiziert waren, zeigt, daß sich die Larven am besten entwickelten, wenn keine Bakterien anwesend waren oder wenn das Kohlrüben-Gewebe nur langsam faulte. Es kamen weniger Larven zur Verpuppung, und die Puparien waren am kleinsten, wenn die Larven mit Kohlrüben-Gewebe ernährt wurden, das infolge Befalls mit Erwinia atroseptica (van Hall) Jennison oder Erwinia carotovora (Jones) Holland rasch faulte. Die Verpuppungs-Prozentsätze der Larven nach Fütterung mit Kohlrüben-Stücken, die mit E. atroseptica, E. carotovora, einer unbekannten Erwinia-Art (die eine langsame Fäulnis verursacht) oder einem Gemisch von E. atroseptica und der Erwinia-Art infiziert waren, sowie in der Kontrolle (ohne Bakterien), betrugen 28, 55, 70, 81, und 75%. Eine unbekannte Erwinia-Art, die durchgängig von verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien der Kohlfliege von Kohlrüben-Feldern isoliert werden konnte, hemmte die von E. atroseptica ausgelösten Fäulnisprozesse, wenn ein Gemisch der beiden Bakterien in Kohlrüben-Gewebestücke gebracht wurde. Dies vermag zum Teil das geringe Auftreten der Weichfäule auf Kohlrüben-Feldern zu erklären, die von Kohlfliegen befallen sind.
    Notes: Abstract The cabbage maggot, Hylemyia brassicae (Bouché) was reared from egg to adult under aseptic conditions on rutabaga (Swede; Brassica napus napobrassica). No larvae survived either on contaminated or uncontaminated rutabaga plugs sterilized by heat. A comparison of larval development on rutabaga inoculated with several species of decay-producing bacteria showed that larvae developed best on healthy uncontaminated rutabaga tissue or on rutabaga tissue that decayed slowly. Survival was lowest and puparia were smallest when larvae fed on plugs that were decayed rapidly by virulent soft-rot bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 105 (1993), S. 243-245 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Intraventricular haemorrhage ; Head injury ; Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage ; Intraventrikuläre Blutung ; Kopftrauma ; Traumatische Subarachnoidalblutung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Fall eines 26 Jahre alten Mannes wird beschrieben, welcher nach einer Episode von Traumen eine tödliche intraventrikuläre Hirnblutung erlitt. Bei der Obduktion wurde nach dem ersten Eindruck eine traumatische Subarachnoidalblutung vermutet, und die anfängliche Untersuchung war daher auf die Strukturen des Halses und auf die Vertebralarterien gerichtet, jedoch mit negativen Resultaten. Die Sektion des fixierten Gehirns zeigte eine massive intraventrikuläre Blutung mit sekundärer Beteiligung des Subarachnoidalraums und Ausbreitung in das Hirnparenchym. Keine Blutungsquellen oder natürliche Erkrankungen der Hirngefäße konnten gefunden werden. Die praktischen Aspekte der Diagnose und der vorsichtige Ansatz, welcher notwendig ist, um Subarachnoidalblutungen zu interpretieren, werden betont. Die Bedeutung der intraventrikulären Blutung nach Trauma ist mit der Einführung der Computertomographie offensichtlicher geworden. Die Implikationen dieses und ähnlicher Fälle werden bedacht.
    Notes: Summary A case of a 26-year-old man who suffered a fatal intraventricular cerebral haemorrhage following an episode of trauma is described. The initial appearance at necropsy suggested a traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage and initial investigation was directed towards the anterior neck structures and the vertebral arteries with negative results. Dissection of the fixed brain showed a massive intraventricular bleed with secondary involvement of the subarachnoid space and dissection into the cerebral parenchyma. No bleeding points or natural disease of the cerebral vessels could be identified. The practical aspects of diagnosis and the cautious approach necessary in interpreting subarachnoid bleeding is emphasised. The significance of intraventricular haemorrhage following trauma has become more apparent with the advent of computed tomographic scanning. The implications for this and similar cases are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 203 (1964), S. 872-873 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1. Tracings from original records illustrating the modification of the form of the action potential when anodal current (dashed line), and cathodal current (solid line) are applied during the repolarization phase. The normal course of repolarization is shown by the fine solid line. Action ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 422 (1993), S. 325-331 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Myocyte ; Voltage clamp ; Ionic currents ; Oximes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes to the uncharged oximes 2,3 butanedionemonoxine (BDM) and norPAM (but not by the charged PAM) results in a dose-dependent reduction of the duration of the action potential. The nifedipine-sensitive Ca current is fully inhibited by BDM (IC505.8±0.4 mM) and nor PAM but is little affected by PAM. This inhibition is unaltered by the presence of BAY K 8644 but is antagonized by isoprenaline. The effect of isoprenaline is more pronounced when the solution in the patch pipette contains the non-hydrolysable analogue of adenosine 5′-triphosphate, ATPγS (the IC50 is increased to 44.0±5.2 mM). A hastening of the inactivation of the L-type Ca current persists when either 10 mM 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N, N, N′, N-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) or 3 mM ATPγS is present in the pipette solution or when BAY K 8644 or isoprenaline are present in the bathing fluid. These results suggest that the inhibition of the Ca current is due to the phosphatase-like activity of the oximes but differs in some respects from previous work where a reduced level of phosphorylation is achieved by the introduction of protein kinase inhibitors or protein phosphatases into the sarcoplasm in guinea-pig myocytes. These differences could be explained if Ca channel availability is regulated by at least two sites of cAMP-dependent phosphorylation with oximes able to rapidly dephosphorylate both sites, while one of these sites is not readily dephosphorylated by the endogenous phosphatases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Six different bioassay methods were evaluated using propargite (Omite 30% wettable powder (WP) and fenbutatin oxide (Torque 50% (WP) and 55% suspension concentrate (SC)) with twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus uriticae Koch (TSM) and European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch (ERM) to document their utility and precision for estimating median lethal concentrations (LC). For each method, two post-treatment exposure periods and mortality criteria were used. Post-treatment exposure period and mortality criterion had a significant influence on the precision of LC50 estimates for all tested miticides with all bioassays methods. Twenty four hour (h) post-treatment exposure was found to be the most suitable for the slide dip and Petri dish methods while 48h was the most appropriate for leaf disc methods. Scoring moribund mites as dead was the most satisfactory criterion for ensuring that biossays were as simple and precise as possible. The Petri dish residue-Potter tower method (PDR-PT) estimated the responses of TSM and ERM to propargite with high precision. The same method was not as precise for fenbutatin oxide formulations. Because significant mite run-off occurred with the leaf disc methods, their precision was not fully established. The slide dip method gave less precise estimates of LC50 values for propargite (WP) and fenbutatin oxide (WP), while the same method gave more precise LC50 estimates for fenbutatin oxide (SC) than the PDR-PT method. The toxicity of candidate miticides was found to be method-and species-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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