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  • Electronic Resource  (3)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1978  (3)
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  • Electronic Resource  (3)
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  • 1975-1979  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SOME COMMENTS ON THE ESTIMATION OF SENSORY THRESHOLD BY KAERBER AND SCOVILLE METHODS (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 43 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Though poor precision is inherent in many organoleptic methods, the widely reported discrepancies of the Scoville results encountered in both within-and between-laboratories are partly attributable to the “3 out of 5“rule,” which is not consistent with the standard definition of sensory threshold. Greatly improved precision is shown in this paper by the application of the Kaerber mean and standard deviation to the response data, generated by algebraic combinations and obtained experimentally. Further improvement can be made with the increased number of dilutions presented. Since, finally, the response magnitude seems better correlated to the logarithm of concentration, it is suggested that the present dilution schedule of the Scoville method be revised to logarithmic scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb02563.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of refiner defibrizing on the fermentability of ryegrass straw (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 567-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of two grinding methods, hammer milling and defibrizing by disk refining, on the fermentability of ryegrass straw were investigated. Disk refined or defibrized straw produced more sugar than hammer milled straw. Release of sugar was especially pronounced when H2SO4 was added to the straw during the defibrizing process. In vitro rumen digestibility was significantly higher (P 〈 0.1) for defibrized than for hammer milled straw. With semisolid culture the level of yeast growth was about three times as high on the defibrized as on hammer milled straw. A scanning electron micrograph revealed that defibrizing removed the waxy surface of the straw as well as separating fiber bundles, so that the surface area of the exposed fiber structure was increased.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200408
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkali treatment and fermentation of straw for animal feedContribution of the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, in cooperation with the Department of Microbiology. Technical Paper No. 4589, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 1015-1026 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The feed value of annual ryegrass straw was improved by treatment with various concentrations of NaOH or NH3 followed by fermentation of the treated straw with a mixed culture of Cellulomonas sp. and Alcaligenes faecalis. Laboratory feeding trials with voles showed that NaOH or NH3 treatment considerably increased the feed efficiency of straw, but apparently gave a poorly palatable product. Fermentation tended to decrease the in vitro rumen digestibility (IVRD) of alkali-treated straw. The fermentations were carried out aerobically on a semisolid straw matrix having 11-86% moisture. Treatment by both NaOH and NH3 increased the IVRD of straw. NH3 also increased the nitrogen content in straw. The optimum condition for alkaline treatment of the straw was 4-6% NaOH for 1 hr or with 3% NH3 for four weeks at room temperature. A minimum of 63% moisture was needed for significant fermentation of the straw. The combined effects of NaOH treatment and fermentation more than doubled crude protein, doubled crude fat, and increased IVRD by 75%. The NH3 plus fermentation treatment tripled crude protein, doubled crude fat, and increased IVRD by 60%. Acetic acid was the main volatile fatty acid in the fermented straw.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200704
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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