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  • Electronic Resource  (59)
  • 1995-1999  (59)
  • 1996  (59)
  • Life Sciences  (56)
  • Numerical Methods and Modeling
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strategy and planning for chemopreventive drug development: Clinical development plans II (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 54-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: This is the second publication of Clinical Development Plans from the National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chemoprevention Branch and Agent Development Committee. The Clinical Development Plans summarize the status of promising chemopreventive agents regarding evidence for safety and chemopreventive efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. They also contain the strategy for further development of these drugs, addressing pharmacodynamics, drug effect measurements, intermediate biomarkers for monitoring efficacy, toxicity, supply and formulation, regulatory approval, and proposed clinical trials. Sixteen new Clinical Development Plans are presented here: curcumin, dehydroepiandrosterone, folic acid, genistein, indole-3-carbinol, perillyl alcohol, phenethyl isothiocyanate, 9-cis-retinoic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid, l-selenomethionine and 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate, sulindac sulfone, tea, ursodiol, vitamin A, and (+)-vorozole. The objective of publishing these plans is to stimulate interest and thinking among the scientific community on the prospects for developing these and future generations of chemopreventive drugs. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630705
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sequence of a 23·4kb segment on the right arm of chromosome VII from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals CLB6, SPT6, RP28A and NUP57 genes, a ty3 element and 11 new open reading frames (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1273-1277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; right arm of chromosome VII ; cosmid clone pEGH054 ; CLB6 ; SPT6 ; RP28A ; NUP57 ; Ty element ; autonomous replicating sequence ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The DNA sequence of 23427bp from the right arm of chromosome VII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is reported. The sequence contains 18 open reading frames (ORFs). Four of these are identical to genes already known. G5970 corresponds to the CLB6 gene. G6169 is identical to the SPT6 gene. G6178 represents the RPS28A gene and G6320 corresponds to the 3′-region from the NUP57 gene. Four ORFs (G5978, G5982, G5984, G5995) belong to a Ty3-1 element. A further ORF (G5975) encodes a tRNAcys. The other ORFs revealed no significant similarity to any known gene.The DNA and protein sequences have been deposited in the EMBL Data bank. They are available under the following accession numbers: ORF G 5970, G 5975, G 5978, G 5982, G 5984, G 5995, G 5999, G 6140, G 6145, G 6150, G 6153, G 6163, G 6166, G 6169, G 6172, G 6178, G 6320; DNA sequence accession Z72894/ X70436/ X72890, M34549,  - , Z72895, Z72896, Z72897, Z72898, Z72899, Z72899, Z72899/ M34391, Z72902, Z72903/ M96570, Z72904/ X83099/ X81155; Protein sequence accession S64417/ S43736, S41736,  - , S64417, S64419, S64420, S64421, S64422, S64423, S64423/ A36468, S64425, S64426/ A46703, S64428 /S51799/ S55976.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xylitol formation by Candida guilliermondii grown in a cane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate: Effect of aeration and inoculum adaptation (1996)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 16 (1996), S. 73-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The xylose conversion into by Candida guilliermondii was evaluated in sugar cane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate. The effect of air flow rates of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 vvm cn xylitol formation was studied. In addition, inoculum previously adapted to the hydrolysate was also tested in the fermentation carried out at 0.6 vvm. The results showed that xylitol production depends markedly on the aeration rate and on the previous adaptation of the yeast to the hydrolysate. When the highest productivity of xylitol was 0.39 g/l × h. However, during the fermentation carried out at an air flow rate of 0.6 vvm with adapted inoculum, the productivity increased to 0.65 g/l × h. Furthermore, the adapted cells performed quite well in the presencel of acetic concentrations of about 4.5 g/l in the medium.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370160112
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inositolphosphoglycans and diacylglycerol are possible mediators in the glycogenic effect of GLP-1(7-36)amide in BC3H-1 myocytes (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 14 (1996), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: myocytes ; GLP-1 ; glycogenesis ; inositolphosphoglycans ; diacylglycerol ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A potent glycogenic effect of GLP-1(7-36)amide has been found in rat hepatocytes and skeletal muscle, and specific receptors for this peptide, which do not seem to be associated with the adenylate cyclase - cAMP system, have been detected in these tissue membranes. On the other hand, inositolphosphoglycan molecules (IPGs) have been implicated as second messengers of the action of insulin. In this work, we have found, in differentiated BC3H-1 myocytes, specific binding of [125I]GLP-1(7-36)amide, and a stimulatory effect of the peptide on glycogen synthesis, confirming the findings in rat skeletal muscle. Also, GLP-1(7-36)amide modulates the cell content of radiolabelled glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) and increases the production of diacylglycerol (DAG), in the same manner as insulin acts, indicating hydrolysis of GPIs and an immediate and short-lived generation of IPGs. Thus, IPGs and DAG could be mediators in the glycogenic action of GLP-1(7-36)amide in skeletal muscle.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbf.639
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MYC family DNA amplification in 126 tumor cell lines from patients with small cell lung cancer (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 210-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Lung neoplasms ; oncogenes ; drug therapy ; mortality ; pathology ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: We identified 126 tumor cell lines established from patients with small cell cancer at the NCI-Navy Medical Oncology Branch from 1977 through 1992. Extensive clinical information was available on 96 patients from whom these cell lines were established. These patients comprised approximately one fourth of the 407 patients treated on prospective therapeutic clinical trials during the same time period. The proportion of tumor cell lines established from previously untreated patients with both limited and extensive stage small cell lung cancer increased during the 16 years of the study (P = 0.008). MYC family DNA amplification was present in 16 of 44 (36%) tumor cell lines established from previously treated patients compared to 7 of 52 (11%) of tumor cell lines established from untreated patients (P = 0.009). MYC DNA amplification in tumor cell lines established from patients previously treated with chemotherapy continued to be associated with shortened survival (P = 0.001). The initiation of a policy to obtain tumor tissue for the purpose of selecting chemotherapeutic agents given to individual patients was associated with an increase in the proportion of patients from whom tumor cell lines could be established for both extensive and limited stage patients (P = 0.001 and 0.05, respectively). © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630516
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression in human lung cancer cell lines of genes of prohormone processing and the neuroendocine phenotype (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 257-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: small cell cancer ; non-small cell lung cancer ; peptidylglycin α-amidating monooxygenase ; lung tumor cell lines ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Lung tumor cells and cell lines, principally the histologically classified small cell lung cancer, are characterized by the expression of neuroendocrine (NE) features including AADC (aromatic amico acid decarboxylase, previously called DOPA decarboxylase) and the production of many peptide harmones. The general mechanisms by which most aspects of the NE phenotype affect the clinical behavior of lung tumor cells are unknown, but it is well recognized that peptide hormones can have systemic effects (paraneoplastic syndromes) and several have been shown to be autocrine growth factors for cancer cells, In order to determine the relationship between expression of different aspects of the NE phenotype in lung cancer cell lines, we have compared expression of a gene required for biosynthesis of some active peptide hormones (PAM, peptidyglycine α-amidating monooxygenase) to the gene for AADC in 32 lung cancer cell lines. Expression of these genes was quantified by both steady state Northern blot analysis and radiochemical enzymatic activity measurement. To ensure a range of expression of NE markers, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines were chosen to include several which had previously been shown to express NE markers, and several small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines with previous low level of AADC were included. PAM enzyme activity and Northern blot analysis showed a two to three log variation in level of expression in both the small cell and non-small cell lines. A smaller range was found for AADC expression. Using the highly sensitive PAM enzyme assays, all cell lines were found to express detectable PAM. PAM activities were secreted into the growth medium of all cell lines.There was so simple correlation apparent betwenn AADC and PAM gene expression in the lung cancer cell lines. However, calssic small cell lines demonstrated high levels of expression of both PAM and AADC genes, as did the carcinoid subset of the NSCLC lines. NSCLC lines expressed levels of PAM mRNA and enzyme activities equivalent to those of SCLC, but had infrequent expression of AADC (principlly only carcinoid NSCLC expressed AADC). These data demonstrate that separate aspects of the NE phenotype can be diffrentially expresses in lung cancer histological sub-type. Expression of PAM enzymes in all sub-tupe of lung cancer suggests that peptide prohormone activitioin may be common mechanism for autocrine growth stimulation even in non-NE NSCLC cell lines, or may reflect maintenance in cell lines of a common pathway of lung tumor promotion. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240630521
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyruvate decarboxylase: An indispensable enzyme for growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on glucose (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: pyruvate decarboxylase ; sugar metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; metabolic compartmentation ; acetyl-CoA ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the structural genes PDC1, PDC5 and PDC6 each encode an active pyruvate decarboxylase. Replacement mutations in these genes were introduced in a homothallic wild-type strain, using the dominant marker genes APT1 and Tn5ble. A pyruvate-decarboxylase-negative (Pdc-) mutant lacking all three PDC genes exhibited a three-fold lower growth rate in complex medium with glucose than the isogenic wild-type strain. Growth in batch cultures on complex and defined media with ethanol was not impaired in Pdc- strains. Furthermore, in ethanol-limited chemostat cultures, the biomass yield of Pdc- and wild-type S. cerevisiae were identical. However, Pdc- S. cerevisiae was unable to grow in batch cultures on a defined mineral medium with glucose as the sole carbon source. When aerobic, ethanol-limited chemostat cultures (D = 0·10 h-1) were switched to a feed containing glucose as the sole carbon source, growth ceased after approximately 4 h and, consequently, the cultures washed out. The mutant was, however, able to grow in chemostat cultures on mixtures of glucose and small amounts of ethanol or acetate (5% on a carbon basis). No growth was observed when such cultures were used to inoculate batch cultures on glucose. Furthermore, when the mixed-substrate cultures were switched to a feed containing glucose as the sole carbon source, wash-out occurred. It is concluded that the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex cannot function as the sole source of acetyl-CoA during growth of S. cerevisiae on glucose, neither in batch cultures nor in glucose-limited chemostat cultures.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequencing analysis of a 4·1 kb subtelomeric region from yeast chromosome IV identifies HXT15, a new member of the hexose transporter familyM.B. and D.S. contributed equally to his paper. (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 1005-1011 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: genome sequencing ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; chromosome IV ; HXT15 ; hexose transporter ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The DNA sequence of a 4·1 kb region of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome IV was determined. This region contains a single open reading frame which codes for a member of the hexose transporter family. This new gene has been named HXT15 according to yeast gene data bases. The sequence has been entered in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X92891.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Invertase secretion in Hansenula polymorpha under the AOX1 promoter from Pichia pastoris (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 815-822 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: HARS, Hansenula autonomously replicating sequence ; SUC2, sucrose invertase ; AOX1, alcohol oxidase ; Pollk, polymerase I, fragment klenow ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A DNA fragment containing a transcription regulating region of the alcohol oxidase (AOX1) gene from the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris was used in the construction of a vector for the expression of heterologous proteins in the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha. We used this vector to clone the SUC2 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae into H. polymorpha yeast.The culture conditions for invertase production using a fed-batch culture were studied. More than 1·5×103 U/ml of biologically active invertase (1 g/l) were secreted to the cellular periplasmic space. The fermentative process was scaled up to 50 l.Invertase produced from H. polymorpha was glycosylated, but it contained significantly less carbohydrate than protein produced by S. cerevisiae. Using the Western-blot technique, it was observed that invertase secreted from H. polymorpha and invertase secreted from S. cerevisiae showed common antigenic determinants.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sticky-end polymerase chain reaction method for systematic gene disruption in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 859-868 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: gene disruption ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; function analysis ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We describe a new procedure for the generation of plasmids containing a large promoter and terminator region of a gene of interest, useful for gene disruption. In a two-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a fragment, corresponding to the terminator and promoter regions separated by a 16 bp sequence containing a rare restriction site (e.g. AscI), is synthesized (T-P fragment). This PCR fragment is cloned in vectors presenting a rare blunt-end cloning site and a yeast marker for selection in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (TRP1, HIS3 and KanMX). The final plasmids are used directly for gene disruption after linearization by the enzyme (e.g. AscI) specific for the rare restriction site. This approach was used to disrupt three open reading frames identified during the sequencing of COS14-1 from chromosome XIV of S. cerevisiae.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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