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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wavelength scaling of high-intensity illumination of an exploded foil (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 4005-4008 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A preformed plasma simulating the corona of a fast ignitor target has been probed with 527 nm and 1054 nm lasers exceeding the critical power for ponderomotive electron cavitation. For both colors, the f number of the probe beam is increased as it propagates through the plasma. Transmission of the diffraction-limited beams is higher for the green than for the 1 μm case. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873122
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational study of laser imprint mitigation in foam-buffered inertial confinement fusion targets (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 211-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recent experiments have shown that low density foam layers can significantly mitigate the perturbing effects of beam nonuniformities affecting the acceleration of thin shells. This problem is studied parametrically with two-dimensional LASNEX [G. B. Zimmerman and W. L. Kruer, Comments Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 2, 51 (1975)]. Foam-buffered targets are employed, consisting typically of 250 Å of gold, and 50 μm of 50 mg/cm3 C10H8O4 foam attached to a 10 μm foil. In simulation these were characteristically exposed to 1.2 ns, flat-topped green light pulses at 1.4×1014 W/cm2 intensity, bearing 30 μm lateral perturbations of up to 60% variation in intensity. Without the buffer layers the foils were severely disrupted by 1 ns. With buffering only minimal distortion was manifest at 3 ns. The smoothing is shown to derive principally from the high thermal conductivity of the heated foam. The simulation results imply that (1) the foam thickness should exceed the disturbance wavelength; (2) intensities exceeding 5×1013 W/cm2 are needed for assured stability beyond 2 ns; (3) longer foams at lower densities are needed for effective mitigation with shorter wavelength light; (4) the gold layer hastens conversion of the structured foam to a uniform plasma. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872690
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoskopische intraluminale Valvuloplastik – Eine Therapie der Zukunft für die gastrooesophageale Refluxkrankheit (1998)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 69 (1998), S. 158-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Gastroesophageal reflux disease ; Antireflux surgery ; Minimally invasive surgery ; Endoscopic intervention. ; Schlüsselwörter: Gastrooesophageale Refluxkrankheit ; Antirefluxchirurgie ; minimal-invasive Chirurgie ; endoskopische Intervention.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Eine neue endoskopische, intraluminale Valvuloplastik wird beschrieben. Es handelt sich hierbei um einen einfachen, ambulant durchführbaren Antirefluxeingriff, der bei Patienten mit frühen Stadien der gastrooesophagealen Refluxkrankheit eine Alternative zur lebenslangen medikamentösen Dauertherapie bieten könnte. Die Technik des Eingriffs, die Effektivität und erste Langzeitergebnisse im Tierversuch an Pavianen werden dargestellt.
    Notes: Summary. A new endoscopic intraluminal valvuloplasty is described. The procedure provides a simple, easy outpatient approach for antireflux surgery and is applicable to patients with early gastroesophageal reflux disease as an alternative to chronic life-long medical therapy. The feasibility, durability and efficacy of the procedure in baboons are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040050390
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstimulation of movements from cerebellar-receiving, but not pallidal-receiving areas of the macaque thalamus under ketamine anaesthesia (1998)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 123 (1998), S. 387-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Thalamus ; Basal ganglia ; Cerebellum ; Electrical stimulation ; Movement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The motor thalamic areas receiving input from the globus pallidus (VA) and the cerebellar nuclei (VL) appear to have different roles in the generation and guidance of movements. In order to further test these differences, we used electrical stimulation to map the ventro-anterior and ventro-lateral nuclei of the thalamus in three ketamine anaesthetised monkeys. Movements were readily evoked from VL at currents of down to 10 μA. The movements were typically multi-joint, and stimulation could evoke arm and trunk or arm and facial movement at the same current threshold. Evoked arm movements often involved multiple joints, with or without finger movements. Facial movements included the lips, tongue, jaw, eyebrows and, occasionally, the eyes. The thalamic map was topographic, but complex with at least two separate regions related to arm movement. Very few sites within the VA could stimulate movement, even at high currents. We therefore suggest that the cerebellar projections to motor regions of the cortex, which pass through the VL thalamic nuclei, have a different relationship and are closer to movement execution than the projections from basal ganglia via the ventro-anterior nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050584
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply (1998)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 24 (1998), S. 991-992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050704
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiac dysfunction in sepsis: new theories and clinical implications (1998)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 24 (1998), S. 286-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050570
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic epithelial ablation of the lower esophagus without stricture formation (1998)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 12 (1998), S. 342-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Barrett's esophagus—Epithelial ablation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The premalignant potential of Barrett's esophagus has stimulated efforts to find a way to ablate the columnar epithelium in order to reheal the area with squamous epithelium, thus obviating the cancer risk. This study describes and evaluates a new technique using ultrasonic energy to ablate the epithelium of the lower esophagus in a porcine model. Methods: Eight young farm pigs were used to develop the technique of applying a laparoscopic Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA) to the lower esophageal mucosa through an operating gastrostomy. A further 11 Yakutan minipigs then underwent CUSA epithelial ablation, followed by a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication or postoperative acid suppression therapy. We then assessed the healing response in these subjects. Results: Optimal CUSA energy settings enabled complete ablation of the squamous epithelium with preservation of the muscularis mucosa and submucosa. The integrity of the aspirated cells was sufficient for cytological analysis. Healing occurred by squamous regeneration without stricture formation. Conclusions: The CUSA technique holds promise for complete ablation of the Barrett's epithelium in a single setting. The unique tissue-selective nature of the ablative process allows complete mucosal reepithelialization without stricture formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649900667
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pilot study of needs assessment in acute psychiatric inpatients (1998)
    Springer
    Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 33 (1998), S. 136-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-9285
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The needs of acute psychiatric patients have been less studied than those of long-term patients. A pilot study of needs assessment using the MRC Needs for Care Assessment Schedule is reported in 35 consecutive acute inpatients who had been in hospital for 1 month or more. Unmet clinical needs included treatment of drug side effects and dangerous and socially embarrassing behaviour. Unmet social needs were widespread and included household shopping, cooking meals, occupation and money management. Although the MRC Needs for Care Assessment was found unsuitable for assessing needs in very acutely ill patients whose mental status was rapidly changing, we did find it a useful instrument in more stable acute patients, both on an individual basis and for identifying service underprovision.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001270050034
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycan Chains of Rabbit Synovium (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 30 (1998), S. 519-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The synovial lining of joint capsules is important because it controls the flow of fluid into and out of the joint cavity. Physiological studies have shown that the glycosaminoglycans, particularly hyaluronan, have an important role in the control of fluid flow. The distribution of the glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans in the synovium and subsynovium of rabbits (approximately 12 weeks old) was, therefore, determined immunohistochemically. Hyaluronan, chondroitin-4- and chondroitin-6-sulphates and keratan sulphate are present in the synovium and subsynovium; chondroitin-4-sulphate is at higher concentrations than chondroitin-6-sulphate. The core proteins of the chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans, biglycan and decorin, and of the keratan sulphate proteoglycan, fibromodulin, are also present. To date, fibromodulin has not been located in other synovial linings, and its presence corroborates that of keratan sulphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003291303380
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