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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • Silk gland  (3)
  • testosterone  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and temporal expression pattern of Bombyx fork head/SGF-1 gene in embryogenesis (1996)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 206 (1996), S. 80-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words fork head ; SGF-1 ; Silk gland ; Salivary gland ; Gut
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The embryonic expression of Bombyx fkh/SGF-1 gene has been analysed using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Both transcripts and protein were first detected in the most anterior and posterior regions at the time of germ anlage formation, and were successively expressed in the foregut and hindgut at later stages. A weaker expression was also detected in the elongated midgut. By the time embryo retraction was finished transcripts and protein were also detectable in the invaginated whole silk glands, and after the blastokinesis stage the products were restricted to the middle and posterior silk glands achieving a state required for the SGF-1 distribution for later stages. Expression could also be detected in the central and peripheral nervous systems. From these observations, we propose that Bombyx Fkh/SGF-1 may play a role in organogenesis processes such as those of the gut, silk glands, and nervous systems, act as a region specific homeotic gene, and in spite of clear embryonic developmental differences between Drosophila and Bombyx, two terminals may be determined by region specific genes such as Bombyx fkh/SGF-1 as opposed to segmental development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050033
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and temporal expression pattern of POU-M1/SGF-3 in Bombyx mori embryogenesis (1997)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 206 (1997), S. 494-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words POU domain ; SGF-3 ; Cf1a ; Silk gland ; Salivary gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The expression pattern of the POU-M1/SGF-3 gene during Bombyx embryogenesis has been analysed using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. At the early embryo retraction stage, both the transcripts and protein were first detected in precursor cells of the prothoracic glands in the labial segment, in the oenocytes in the A1–A8 segments and in invaginated regions in the mandibular and maxillary segments. The invaginated regions in the mandibular segment develop into the abductor plates in the lateral anterior region and the adductor plates in the posterior region. From the latter plates, the salivary glands elongate. The invaginated regions in the maxillary segment develop into the corpora allata in the anterior region and the subbuccal glands in the posterior region, which unite with tissues of the anterior region of the mandibular segment at later stages. After the embryo retraction stage, the transcripts and protein products also become detectable in the silk gland invagination points and, after the blastokinesis stage, the products are restricted to the entire anterior silk glands and to the anterior and middle parts of the middle silk glands. Expression can also be detected in a part of the hindgut, in the tracheal system and in some cells of the central nervous system. These results indicate that POU-M1/SGF-3 might play roles in the development of the silk glands, nervous system, tracheal system and other organs like the prothoracic glands and oenocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050080
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embryonic silk gland development in Bombyx: molecular cloning and expression of the Bombyx trachealess gene (1999)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 209 (1999), S. 507-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words trachealess ; Silk gland ; Trachea ; Bombyx mori
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We describe embryonic development of the Bombyx silk gland. To extend the analysis further we isolated a Bombyx counterpart gene ofthe Drosophila trachealess (trh) gene. Bombyx trh encodes a protein of 849 amino acids. When compared with the amino acid sequence of Drosophila trh, the identity of Bombyx bHLH, PAS-A and PAS-B domains is 100%, 97%, and 80%, respectively. Northern blot analysis revealed the presence of a single Bombyx trh transcript of 5.4 kb. We analyzed the expression pattern of the Bombyx trh transcript during embryogenesis by in situ hybridization. Bombyx trh mRNA was first detected in the tracheal primordial cells at around embryonic stage 18. Thereafter levels of Bombyx trh mRNA increased, and the high expression level was maintained until hatching. At embryonic stage 19 the transcript was also detected in the posterior basal region of the labial segment from where the silk gland invaginates. By the blastokinesis stage (around stage 23), the silk gland was lengthened, and, interestingly, the Bombyx trh transcript was restricted to the anterior silk gland. These results suggest that Bombyx trh plays a role in the formation of the trachea and the anterior silk glands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004270050283
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproduction related immunoglobulin changes in rainbow trout (1997)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 17 (1997), S. 415-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: fish ; trout ; reproduction ; seasonal changes ; immunoglobulin ; testosterone ; estradiol-17β ; 11-ketotestosterone ; water temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Annual changes in plasma immunoglobulin (IgM) levels were investigated in three strains of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss which have different spawning periods, i.e., September–October, November–December, and January, reared under constant water temperature and natural day length. Plasma IgM levels decreased during the spawning season in all strains tested. The IgM changes became reversed in response to significant increases in plasma testosterone (T) and estradiol-17β in females and T and 11-ketotestosterone in males. Though the IgM decline showed a connection with suppressed immunocompetence, since many mature fish caught fungal diseases, no clear differences were observed in the plasma IgM levels between infected and noninfected fish during the spawning season. Incidentally, plasma IgM levels in infection prone fish were higher than in noninfection prone fish prior to the spawning season, whereas coincident differences in the plasma steroid levels were observed. Immature fish reared under lower water temperatures showed lower IgM levels. The effect of water temperature may have to be considered when analyzing the defense mechanism during the spawning season in rainbow trout.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007795827112
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of steroid hormones on immunoglobulin M (IgM) in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (1999)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 20 (1999), S. 155-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: cortisol ; estradiol-17β ; 11-ketotestosterone ; mucus ; plasma ; testosterone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The immunosuppressive effects of steroid hormones were evaluated as the response against implanted steroid hormones, cortisol (F), testosterone (T), estradiol-17β (E2), and 11- ketotestosterone (11-KT), in juvenile rainbow trout. In long term experiments (5 weeks), fish were given a single intraperitoneal implant of F or T. A clear suppressive effect of plasma IgM levels with F and T was not necessarily obtained, although mucus IgM levels were reduced corresponding to the elevated plasma steroid hormone levels. In short term experiments (1 week), intraperitoneal implantation of T, 11-KT and E2 suppressed plasma and mucus IgM levels, although the effects were not dose-dependent. When administered through diet, F and T caused a suppression of plasma IgM levels; F administration at both high and low dosages caused a significant decrease in plasma IgM levels, while only a high dose of T caused the suppression. These results suggest that sex steroid hormones, as well as F, have immunosuppressive functions in rainbow trout.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007799617597
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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