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  • Electronic Resource  (3)
  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • Gene expression  (1)
  • Key words Molecular genetics – DNA polymorphisms –¶angiotensinogen –¶angiotensin converting enzyme –¶genetic animal models  (1)
  • biofeedback
Material
  • Electronic Resource  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Extremophiles 4 (2000), S. 321-331 
    ISSN: 1433-4909
    Keywords: Key words Cold shock ; Low-temperature adaptation ; Psychrophile ; Adaptive mechanisms ; Antarctic Archaea ; Gene expression ; Protein structure ; Review
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We live on a cold planet where more than 80% of the biosphere is permanently below 5°C, and yet comparatively little is known about the genetics and physiology of the microorganisms inhabiting these environments. Based on molecular probe and sequencing studies, it is clear that Archaea are numerically abundant in diverse low-temperature environments throughout the globe. In addition, non-low-temperature-adapted Archaea are commonly exposed to sudden decreases in temperature, as are other microorganisms, animals, and plants. Considering their ubiquity in nature, it is perhaps surprising to find that there is such a lack of knowledge regarding low-temperature adaptation mechanisms in Archaea, particularly in comparison to what is known about archaeal thermophiles and hyperthermophiles and responses to heat shock. This review covers what is presently known about adaptation to cold shock and growth at low temperature, with a particular focus on Antarctic Archaea. The review highlights the similarities and differences that exist between Archaea and Bacteria and eukaryotes, and addresses the potentially important role that protein synthesis plays in adaptation to the cold. By reviewing the present state of the field, a number of important areas for future research are identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback 25 (2000), S. 177-191 
    ISSN: 1573-3270
    Keywords: respiratory sinus arrhythmia ; cardiac variability ; baroreflexes ; biofeedback ; homeostasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Heart rate and blood pressure, as well as other physiological systems, among healthy people, show a complex pattern of variability, characterized by multifrequency oscillations. There is evidence that these oscillations reflect the activity of homeostatic reflexes. Biofeedback training to increase the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) maximally increases the amplitude of heart rate oscillations only at approximately 0.1 Hz. To perform this task people slow their breathing to this rate to a point where resonance occurs between respiratory-induced oscillations (RSA) and oscillations that naturally occur at this rate, probably triggered in part by baroreflex activity. We hypothesize that this type of biofeedback exercises the baroreflexes, and renders them more efficient. A manual is presented for carrying out this method. Supporting data are provided in Lehrer, Smetankin, and Potapova (2000) in this issue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Kardiologie 89 (2000), S. 264-268 
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Key words Molecular genetics – DNA polymorphisms –¶angiotensinogen –¶angiotensin converting enzyme –¶genetic animal models ; Schlüsselwörter Molekulargenetik – DNA-Polymorphismen –¶Angiotensinogen – Angiotensin-Converting Enzym –¶Genetische Tiermodelle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Seit der Entdeckung des Renins durch Tigerstedt und Bergmann ist das Renin-Angiotensin-System (RAS) als wichtiger Modulator von Blutdruck und Volumenhomöostase bekannt. Aufgrund dieser Wirkungen wurde dem RAS schon frühzeitig eine pathophysiologische Rolle bei Hypertonie und anderen kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen zugeschrieben. Der therapeutische Stellenwert der Hemmung des RAS durch den Einsatz von Angiotensin Converting-Enzym-(ACE)-Inhibitoren und AngiotensinII (AT1)-Rezeptorantagonisten ist unbestritten. Unklar ist allerdings, inwieweit die mit kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen einhergehenden Veränderungen in der Aktivität des RAS sekundäre und primäre Faktoren darstellen. Es ist bekannt, dass genetische Faktoren wesentlich zur Pathogenese der Hypertonie und ihrer Folgeerkrankungen beitragen. So wurden Genpolymorphismen für nahezu alle Komponenten des RAS beschrieben und in klinischen Studien untersucht. Offen ist jedoch vielfach die funktionelle Relevanz dieser Befunde. Im Folgenden soll daher versucht werden, insbesondere die genetischen Grundlagen einer kausalen Verknüpfung zwischen RAS und Pathogenese der kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen anhand aktueller Befunde zu diskutieren. Hierbei wird beispielhaft auf die Rolle von Angiotensinogen für die Hypertonie und Angiotensin Converting Enzym für Hypertonie, koronare Herzkrankheit und andere kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen eingegangen.
    Notes: Summary Since the discovery of renin by Tigerstedt and Bergmann, the renin angiotensin system (RAS) has been recognized as an important modulator of blood pressure and volume homeostasis. Based on these functions a pathophysiological role of the RAS in the pathogenesis of hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders has been postulated. The therapeutic benefit of RAS inhibition by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensinII (ANGII) antagonists in these conditions has been shown. It remains unclear, however, whether the changes in RAS activity associated with cardiovascular disease are primary or secondary factors. It is well known that hypertension and hypertensive end-organ disease is influenced by genetic factors. Gene polymorphisms for virtually all components of the RAS have been described and investigated in clinical studies. It remains to be determined, however, how relevant these findings are for disease etiology. This review, therefore, will attempt to discuss the causal implications of these genetic studies for cardiovascular disease. The role of angiotensinogen and ACE for hypertension, coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular disorders is discussed in this context in an exemplary fashion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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