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  • 2000-2004  (30)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrafast electron optics: Propagation dynamics of femtosecond electron packets (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1643-1648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Time-resolved electron diffraction harbors great promise for resolving the fastest chemical processes with atomic level detail. The main obstacles to achieving this real-time view of a chemical reaction are associated with delivering short electron pulses with sufficient electron density to the sample. In this article, the propagation dynamics of femtosecond electron packets in the drift region of a photoelectron gun are investigated with an N-body numerical simulation and mean-field model. It is found that space-charge effects can broaden the electron pulse to many times its original length and generate many eV of kinetic energy bandwidth in only a few nanoseconds. There is excellent agreement between the N-body simulation and the mean-field model for both space-charge induced temporal and kinetic energy distribution broadening. The numerical simulation also shows that the redistribution of electrons inside the packet results in changes to the pulse envelope and the development of a spatially linear axial velocity distribution. These results are important for (or have the potential to impact on) the interpretation of time-resolved electron diffraction experiments and can be used in the design of photoelectron guns and streak tubes with temporal resolution of several hundred femtoseconds. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1487437
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of high mode pedestal instabilities in the DIII-D tokamak (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 1976-1983 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The amplitude and frequency of modes driven in the edge region of tokamak high mode (H-mode) discharges [type I edge-localized modes (ELMs)] are shown to depend on the discharge shape. The measured pressure gradient threshold for instability and its scaling with discharge shape are compared with predictions from ideal magnetohydrodynamic theory for low toroidal mode number (n) instabilities driven by pressure gradient and current density and good agreement is found. Reductions in mode amplitude are observed in discharge shapes with either high squareness or low triangularity where the stability threshold in the edge pressure gradient is predicted to be reduced and the most unstable mode is expected to have higher values of n. The importance of access to the ballooning mode second stability regime is demonstrated through the changes in the ELM character that occur when second regime access is not available. An edge stability model is presented that predicts that there is a threshold value of n for second regime access and that the most unstable mode has n near this threshold. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.874053
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymeric nanostructured material for high-density three-dimensional optical memory storage (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 5328-5334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The unique properties of a polymer photonic crystal are examined with respect to applications as a medium for high-density three-dimensional optical data storage media. The nanocomposite material was produced from core-shell latex particles, in which the latex cores contained dye-labeled polymer. Nonfluorescent latex shells were attached to the core particles. Upon annealing, the close-packed core-shell particles formed a nanostructured material with the fluorescent particles periodically embedded into the optically inert matrix in a hexagonal close-packed structure. A two-photon laser scanning microscope was used to write bits of information into the material by photobleaching the optically sensitive particles and, under much lower fluence, read out the resulting image. Relative to conventional homogeneous storage media, the nanostructured periodic material is shown to increase the effective optical storage density by at least a factor of 2 by spatially localizing the optically active region and imposing an optically inactive barrier to cross-talk between bits. This polymer photonic crystal has the potential to dramatically improve performance further through the improved capabilities to optimize the photochemical processes and more fully exploiting the periodic nature of the information domains in the image processing. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1406547
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metamorphism of the deepest exposed arc rocks in the Cretaceous to Paleogene Cascades belt, Washington: evidence for large-scale vertical motion in a continental arc (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 21 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The Swakane Gneiss and the overlying Napeequa Complex in the North Cascade range, Washington, were metamorphosed and deformed during development of a Cretaceous-Paleogene continental arc, and are among the structurally deepest exposed rocks within the Cordilleran arcs of North America. Peak metamorphic conditions in both the Swakane Gneiss and Napeequa Complex were c. 640–750 °C, 9–12 kbar. Clockwise paths and widespread evidence for high-P metamorphism in meta-supracrustal rocks (burial to 〉40 km) document major vertical tectonic motion during arc construction and unroofing.These and other moderately high-pressure rocks in the North Cascades-Coast Mountains experienced a dramatically different tectonometamorphic history than metamorphic rocks within other Cordilleran arcs. The exhumed arc complexes of the Sierra Nevada and Peninsular Ranges are dominated by relatively low-P metamorphic and plutonic rocks (typically 〈6 kbar). There is no evidence that the northern Cordillera was thickened to a greater degree than these other belts, suggesting that the greater magnitude of vertical motion in the Cascades may have been related to exhumation mechanisms: Eocene extension in the northern Cordillera vs. erosional unroofing in the central and southern Cordillera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1314.2003.00437.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of interarch space for implant restorations in edentulous patients: A laboratory technique (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of prosthodontics 9 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1532-849X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This article describes a laboratory procedure for the visual evaluation of interarch space and its effect on implant prosthesis design. The method is applicable to patients presenting with completely edentulous arches. Silicone impression material is used to form a resilient cast and an external mold from an existing denture. The denture is duplicated using autopolymerizing acrylic resin. The duplicate denture and resilient cast are mounted on an articulator. Spatial relationships of anatomic landmarks can be evaluated, and a quantitative evaluation of available space can be made. The duplicate denture can also be used as a surgical template to direct implant placement. Reference tables are provided to serve as guidelines in the correlation between available space and minimum space required for various implant-assisted restorations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2000.00102.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Sunflower Forest: Ecological Restoration and the New Communion with Nature (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Restoration ecology 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1061-2971.2004.012002.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    No correlation between aggregates of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and cell death in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 82 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aggregates of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) have been demonstrated in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases; however, their role in disease pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, we investigated the presence of SOD aggregates in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells and cell viability following: (i) transduction with replication-deficient recombinant adenoviruses (AdVs) expressing wild-type SOD (SODWT) or mutant SOD (SODMT, V148G or A4V); (ii) transfection of yellow fluorescent protein-tagged SODWT (SODWT-YFP) or SODMT (SODA4V-YFP, SODV148G-YFP). SOD aggregates were more prominent in cells following transduction of AdSODMT than AdSODWT and following treatment with H2O2, suggesting that mutant SOD leads to oxidation of cellular components. In addition, cells expressing SODMT-YFP yielded SOD aggregates that were significantly larger and more frequent than SOD aggregates in cells expressing SODWT-YFP. Proteasome inhibitors, but not cathepsin B inhibitors, increased aggregate formation but did not increase cell death. In addition, treatments that increased cell viability did not significantly decrease SOD aggregates. Taken together, our data demonstrate that there is no association between SOD aggregates and cell death in FALS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01056.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging of acoustic fields in bulk acoustic-wave thin-film resonators (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 136-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By using an atomic-force-microscope-based technique, we image the vibration of high-frequency, bulk-mode, thin-film resonators. Our experimental technique is capable of monitoring the vibration of these devices over a broad frequency range, from 1 MHz to beyond 10 GHz, allowing us to obtain quantitative measurements of the piezoelectric properties of thin-film materials in that frequency range. This technique allows us to map the complex vibration modes of a new generation of high-frequency bulk piezoelectric resonators, revealing the presence of vibration patterns of very different characteristic lengths. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126901
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CRANBEFCRY JUICE MARINADE IMPROVES SENSORY AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF VACUUM-PACKAGED LAMB CHOPS (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of muscle foods 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4573
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Marination was investigated as a means to add value and improve the palatability of lamb chops. Vacuum-packaged whole lamb loins (n = 24) were assigned randomly to a 14 or 20-day aging period. Loins were split and right and left sides were designated to receive one of two treatments: control or marinade with spice rub. Loins were cut into chops and chops were vacuum-packaged and displayed for 0–, 7– or 14-days in a retail display case. Chops from both aging periods assigned to the 0 day retail display period were evaluated for both raw and cooked characteristics by consumers. Consumers indicated that cooked appearance. odor, juiciness, flavor, tenderness, and overall-like were higher for treated chops than for controls (P 〈 0.05). However, consumers preferred the appearance of raw control chops over the appearance of raw treated chops (P 〈 0.05). Treated lamb chops had lower aerobic plate counts at 7 and 14 days of retail display for both aging periods (P 〈 0.05), and lower 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) values than control chops (P 〈 0.05). A treatment × retail display day interaction (P 〈 0.05) was observed for TBARS values as treated chops had lower TBARS values than control chops as days of retail display increased. Marinating lamb chops improved palatability traits of cooked lamb chops and extended the shelf-life characteristics of raw lamb chops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2003.tb00701.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CONSUMER ACCEPTABILITY OF PROCESSED OSTRICH MEAT PRODUCTS (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of muscle foods 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4573
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two value-added ostrich meat product prototypes were prepared and evaluated by a consumer panel (n = 132) against similar products manufactured entirely from pork. Ostrich “ham” and a control pork ham product were prepared by a traditional ham cure, and Polish sausage products were formulated with either all-pork or a 67% ostrich/33 % pork blend and processed with a commercial spice blend. Ostrich “ham“ tended to be rated lower (P = 0.0537) in salt intensity, but had higher flavor intensity ratings. Consumers gave pork ham more favorable ratings for overall acceptability (P〈 0.01) and flavor acceptability (P〈 0.05). For Polish sausage products, overall acceptability, flavor acceptability, flavor intensity, salt intensity, texture and tenderness were not different (P 〉 0.05) between all-pork and ostrich/pork varieties. Results indicate that value-added ostrich meat products were more acceptable when they were more finely ground, spiced, and combined with pork in a sausage product than when they were prepared as a “ham“ product.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2003.tb00698.x
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