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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The orientation behaviour of the lesser spearnosed bat, Phyllostomus discolor (Chiroptera) in a model roost (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 179 (1996), S. 245-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Bat ; Orientation ; Vision ; Echolocation ; Cumulative navigation error
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The orientation behaviour of bats (Phyllostomus discolor, Phyllostomidae), flying inside an octagonal “roost-like” chamber (ø: 100cm; h: 150cm) was examined. It has been shown that the bats begin turning manoeuvres during flight by turning their head towards the direction they intend to proceed to. During early phases of the flights, cumulative navigation errors were evident, indicating that endogenous spatial information plays a major role in the orientation of the bats. During later phases of the flight this error is diminished again. So it can be concluded that the bats start to use exogenous spatial information for orientation while approaching the target. In order to investigate the relative importance of vision, echolocation and endogenous spatial information for approaching the roost, the landing lattices inside the test arena were changed for non-grid dummies. We found that: 1. combined visual and endogenous information are more important than echoacoustical cues, 2. the bats learned quickly to switch their orientation behaviour in order to get a better performance in avoiding the dummies, 3. the learning performance was influenced by the visual similarity of dummies and the real landing lattice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222791
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylation of organolead and lead(II) compounds to (CH 3 ) 4 Pb by microorganisms (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 259 (1976), S. 157-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] RECENTLY evidence1 showed that microorganisms can transform certain lead compounds into Me4Pb; addition of Me3PbOAc to sediment samples apparently always increased the production of Me4Pb. The addition, of lead(II) compounds did not, however, lead to definite effects, and with pure bacterial ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/259157c0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of Quasiperiodic Structures by Amassment Centres in Multilattices (1998)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 199-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In this paper, a general method for generating quasiperiodic lattices is given. It is based on point multilattices which may be transformed into quasilattices in a new manner. A rounding operation allows the conversion of amassments of points in the multilattice into single points of a perfect quasicrystalline structure. Several examples are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767397012580
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sources and sinks of atmospheric methane (1978)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 116 (1978), S. 452-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Trace gases ; Atmosphere ; Sources and Sinks ; Methane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In 1972 average mixing ratio of methane in the troposphere was 1.41 ppm and 1.3 ppmv for the northern and southern hemisphere, respectively, which corresponds to a total amount of 4×1015 g of CH4 present in the atmosphere. Most is of recent biologic origin.14C analyses show that no more than 20 percent is released by fossil sources. The various ecosystems producing CH4 are discussed and the total annual production is estimated to lie between 5.5×1014 g/yr and 11×1014 g/yr. The corresponding turnover times for atmospheric CH4 range from 4 to 7 yrs. The destruction of CH4 takes place mainly in the troposphere, most probably through the reaction of CH4 + OH ↠ CH3 + H2O. About 10 percent of the CH4 is destroyed in the stratosphere. The CH4 cycle contributes on the order of 1 percent to the atmospheric carbon cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01636899
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of free radicals in the atmosphere by matrix isolation and electron paramagnetic resonance (1978)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 116 (1978), S. 530-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Electron paramagnetic resonance ; Free radicals ; Matrix isolation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract With some special adaptations the technique of matrix isolation followed by detection through electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) can also be used for the measurement of atmospheric radical concentrations. A light weight cryogenic sampling device has been constructed. It uses condensation of atmospheric CO2 or H2O at 77 K for matrix formation and trapping of the radicals. The sampler has been flown on a balloon for stratospheric sampling. First data on stratospheric, HO2 and NO2 at 32 km altitude have been obtained on a flight on 8 August 1976 and will be reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01636905
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    H1- and H2-receptor mediated responses to histamine on contractility and cyclic AMP of atrial and papillary muscles from guinea-pig hearts (1977)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 7 (1977), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract On guinea-pig heart we investigated whether cyclic AMP serves as a messenger for H1- and/or H2-mediated responses to histamine. (1) On papillary muscle histamine elicited positive inotropic responses which were antagonized by burimamide but not by promethazine. The stimulation of H2-receptors was not only associated with an increase in contractility but also with an increase in cAMP. As shown by the time course of effects for 10−5 M histamine, the maximal increase in cAMP preceded the maximum in contractility. The mechanical and biochemical responses to histamine were potentiated by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor papaverine, but antagonized by burimamide. (2) On the left guinea-pig atrium containing H1-receptors the inotropic response to histamine (10−5 M) was not accompanied by increases in cAMP at stimulation frequencies of 0.5 and 2 Hz, respectively. In addition, in the presence of papaverine (3×10−5 M) no change in the cyclic AMP level occurred after application of histamine. Papaverine by itself, however, concomitantly increased contractility and cyclic AMP at a stimulation frequency of 0.5 Hz. In contrast, at 2 Hz papaverine increased only cAMP leaving the contractility unchanged. At this frequency the well-known Ca2+-antagonistic effect comes into prominence, thus masking the positive inotropic effect atributable to the inhibition of the phosphodiesterase. (3) On the right guinea-pig atrium the mediation of the positive charonotropic response to histamine by H2-receptors which is partly involved in the inotropic effect via the frequency-force relationship does not lead to a concomitant increase in cAMP. Also, in the presence of papaverine, histamine had no influence on the cAMP. However, papaverine potentiated the cardioacceleration produced by histamine. Although it is very likely that the cAMP in the sinus node rises, we were not able to detect an increase in cAMP in the whole atrial tissue. From the present results the conclusion can be drawn that the mediation of the inotropic effect due to stimulation of H2-receptors by histamine is associated with an increase of cyclic AMP, whereas that of H1-receptors is not. The view that cAMP may be the second messenger in the chronotropic action of histamine needs further elucidation by experiments on sino-atrial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01964874
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CT-gesteuerte Schneid-Saug-Biopsie zur minimal invasiven histologischen Abklärung pathologischer Thoraxbefunde (1999)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefässchirurgie 13 (1999), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Computertomographie – Thorax – Interventionen – Schneid-Saug-Biopsie ; Key words Computer tomography – thorax interventions – carve-suction biopsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Problem: An investigation into CT-controlled carve-suction biopsy for a histological clarification of indefinite intrathoracic masses. Materials and Method: 143 CT-controlled interventions were performed on 102 patients. For histological evaluation purposes, tissue was taken under application of the carva-suction biopsy method (16–18 gage). The lesions with a diameter of 5–70 mm were located in the mediastinum (25%), were close to the thoracic wall/pleural (40%) and intrapulmonary (35%). Results: 92.2% (94/102) of the interventions provided histologically utilizable material in at least one biopsy specimen. The clinical suspected diagnosis was confirmed 78 times (76.5%), while a different discase was evident 16 times (15.7%). In 8 cases, a diagnosis was not possible (7.8%). The total complication rate was 21.6%. The following were observed: 18 pneumothoraxes, 2 hemothoraxes, and 2 patients who demonstrated a hemoptysis. In 4/102 patients (3.9%) complications arose which had to be treated therapeutically. Two-sided complications were not observed. Conclusions: The CT-controlled carve-suction biopsy can be employed histologically to clarify indefinite intrathoracic findings with a high degree of certainty and justifiable complication rates. In addition to this, the minimally invasive procedure helps to reduce costs.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Bewertet wird die CT-gesteuerte Schneid-Saug-Biopsie zur histologischen Abklärung unklarer intrathorakaler Raumforderungen. Material und Methode: Bei 102 Patienten wurden 143 CT-gesteuerte Interventionen durchgeführt. Zur histologischen Beurteilung wurde Gewebe in Schneid-Saug-Biopsie-Technik (16–18 Gage) entnommen. Die Läsionen waren 5–70 mm groß, 25% lagen mediastinal, 40% thoraxwandnah/pleural und 35% intrapulmonal. Ergebnisse: 92,2% (94/102) der Interventionen erbrachten in mindestens einer entnommenen Gewebeprobe histologisch verwertbares Material. Die klinische Verdachtsdiagnose wurde 78mal (76,5%) bestätigt, 16mal (15,7%) wurde eine andere Erkrankung nachgewiesen. 8mal ließ sich keine Diagnose stellen (7,8%). Die Komplikationsrate betrug 21,6% (18 Pneumothoraces, 2 Hämatothoraces und 2 Patienten mit Hämoptoe). Bei 4/102 Patienten (3,9%) traten therapiebedürftige Komplikationen auf. Schlußfolgerungen: Mit der CT-gesteuerten Schneid-Saug-Biopsie lassen sich unklare intrathorakale Befunde mit hoher Treffsicherheit und vertretbaren Komplikationen abklären.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003980050070
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of prochloraz and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by environmental bacterial strains (1996)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 45 (1996), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Eight bacterial isolates from enrichment with 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) as sole carbon source were tested for their potential to degrade prochloraz. None of them could grow on prochloraz. Strain C964, identified as Aureobacterium sp., effectively reduced the fungitoxic activity of prochloraz in a bioassay and degradation was confirmed by HPLC. Two other isolates, strain C611 and C961, using TCP as a carbon source, belong to the β subclass of the proteobacteria and presumely degrade TCP via 2,4-dichlorohydroquinone and hydroxyhydroquinone as indicated by oxygen-consumption tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050680
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tubular Na, K-ATPase deficiency, the cause of the congenital renal salt-losing syndrome (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 121 (1976), S. 81-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Na, K-ATPase ; Salt-losing Syndrome ; Tubular sodium reabsorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über zwei Schwestern mit kongenitalem renalem Salzverlustsyndrom. Das Serum-Na war stark herabgesetzt, das Serum-K erhöht. Auch bei stark vermindertem Serum-Na-Werten wurde Kochsalz fortgesetzt im Urin ausgeschieden. Im übrigen war die Nierenfunktion intakt; Kreatinin- und Jod-Hippuran-Clearance ergaben normale Werte. Eine primäre Nebennierenrindenstörung konnte ausgeschlossen werden. Das Cortisol im Plasma war normal, Aldosteron und Renin waren kompensatorisch erhöht. Die Medikation von DOCA blied ohne Erfolg. Das erste Kind verstarb in einem auswärtigen Krankenhaus. Die Schwester konnte mit hohen Kochsalzzulagen zum Gedeihen gebracht werden. In dem bioptischen Nierenpräparat des zweiten Kindes wurde histologisch außer einer mäßigen Hyperplasie der juxtaglomerulären Apparate kein pathologischer Befund erhoben. In den durch Mikrodissektion gewonnenen Tubuli war, abgesehen von geringen Aktivitäten im aufsteigenden Schenkel der Henleschen Schleife, keine Na, K-ATPase nachweisbar. Dieser Befund erklärt höchstwahrscheinlich die renalen Salzverluste, da das Enzym für den Transport von Na und K durch die Tubuluszelle notwendig ist.
    Notes: Abstract In the serum of two infant sisters with a congenital renal salt-losing syndrome, Na was rather low and K considerably increased. Even with Na levels of 126 mval/l, sodium was excreted in the urine. Creatinine and hippurate clearances were normal. Primary disturbances of the steroid metabolism were not detectable; plasma cortisol was normal, aldosterone and renin were compensatorily increased. Treatment with DOCA was unsuccessful. Whereas the first infant died (in another hospital), the second one throve well with high oral substitution of NaCl. There were no pathological findings other than a moderate hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, in a kidney biopsy. Except for minimal activity in the ascending limb of Henle's loop, there was no membrane bound Na, K-ATPase in the microdissected tubules. This finding most probably explains the renal salt loss, as this enzyme is necessary for the transcellular flow of sodium and potassium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443063
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A differential-pressure probe for velocity measurements in swirling air flows (1995)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 20 (1995), S. 134-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract For measuring air velocities in swirling flows a differential pressure probe of small axial length was developed. The determination of the velocity is based on measuring the difference between the stagnation pressure and the base pressure of a circular disk whose surface is perpendicular to the main flow direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189304
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