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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schüsselwörter Tonsillenkarzinome ; Onkogene humane Papillomaviren (HPV) ; Retinoblastomprotein (pRb) ; Prognose ; Key words Tonsillar squamous cell carcinomas ; Oncogenic human papillomavirus ; Retinoblastoma protein ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In order to identify squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) with common biological and clinical features, we investigated the incidence and properties of carcinomas lacking retinoblastoma protein (pR6) cell cycle control. Of 208 HNSCC investigated, 23 (11%) showed a lack of pRb expression. The majority of these tumors (65%) were tonsillar carcinomas. The pRb-negative tonsillar tumors were all stage IV, had metastasized to lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis and were in general poorly differentiated or undifferentiated. Very significantly, the pRb-negative phenotype was strongly associated with the presence of oncogenic human papilloma viruses, implying a viral etiology and functional inactivation of pRb by the viral E7 oncoprotein. Despite the very adverse histopathological factors, patients with pRb-negative tonsillar carcinomas had a better clinical outcome, which was consistent with a uniform favorable responsiveness of these tumors to postoperative radiation therapy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hinsichtlich biologischer Tumorcharakteristika, Genese und klinischen Eigenschaften von Plattenepithelkarzinomen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich bestehen viele Unklarheiten. Zur besseren Charakterisierung dieser Karzinome wurde geprüft, ob es Tumoren mit Defekten im Retinoblastomstoffwechsel gibt und ob weitere molekulare und klinische Gemeinsamkeiten vorliegen. Bei 11% der untersuchten Plattenepithelkarzinome des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs (23 von 208) lag ein Defekt im Retinoblastomstoffwechsel vor; 15 dieser 23 Tumoren (65%) waren in der Tonsille lokalisiert. Die pRb-negativen Tumoren lagen überwiegend als Stadium IV (UICC) vor, hatten bereits in regionäre Lymphknoten metastasiert und wiesen eine geringgradige Differenzierung auf. Dagegen waren klinische Verläufe und Gesamtüberlebenszeiten nach Operation und Strahlentherapie günstig. Die molekularbiologischen Analysen zeigten folgende Gemeinsamkeiten innerhalb dieser Gruppe der Tonsillenkarzinome: Der Retinoblastom-Protein (pRb)- und Cyclin-D1-Spiegel waren erniedrigt, p16INK4a erhöht. Es zeigte sich eine starke Assoziation mit onkogenen humanen Papillomaviren (HPV), durch deren Onkogen E7 wahrscheinlich die pRb-Inaktivierung erfolgt. Damit kommt den Papillomaviren eine wesentliche Rolle für die Entstehung und besonderen klinischen Eigenschaften dieser Tonsillenkarzinome zu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 8 (1997), S. 93-101 
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia ; CLL biology ; CLL diagnosis ; CLL therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a highly common form ofleukemia characterized by the accumulation of long-lived, functionallyinactive, mature appearing neoplastic B lymphocytes. In addition, immunedisturbances such as hypogammaglobulinemia and autoimmune phenomena(particularly, autoimmune hemolytic anemia) are frequently found in CLLpatients [1–2]. The etiology of CLL is unknown. In contrast with otherleukemias, there is no relationship between CLL and exposure to radiation orother cytotoxic agents. A genetic basis is highly likely since there aredifferences in the incidence of CLL in different countries (e.g., CLL accountsfor 30%–40% of all the leukemias in Western countries ascompared to 5%–10% in Asian countries) and the risk ofcontracting CLL is higher among persons with first-degree relatives with thedisease [3]. Because the incidence of CLL increases with age and the longer lifeexpectancy of the general population, the age of patients at diagnosis isincreasing. The median age at diagnosis is now about 70 years, with onlyone-third of the patients being less than 60 years of age. In the majority ofthe series, males predominate over females in a proportion of 1.5/1. Theprognosis of patients with CLL is variable. However, clinical stages and otherprognostic factors allow the individual risk of each patient to be assessedvery accurately, which is useful for making treatment decisions. In the past two decades, significant progress has been made in CLL[4–10]. This review summarizes recent advances in the biology,diagnosis, and therapy of CLL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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