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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple and rapid separation of ortho- and paramyxovirus glycoproteins (1980)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 168 (1980), S. 249-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of influenza viruses, as well as the fusion protein (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) of paramyxoviruses, have been separated in native form using a two-step procedure. The glycoproteins are efficiently extracted from virions using the non-ionic detergent octyl-Β-D-glucoside and are then applied to a column of agarose beads coupled with tyrosine-sulfanilic acid. PureHA andF are obtained in good yield in the flow-through from this column.NA andHN bind strongly and can be eluted, albeit somewhat contaminated withHA orF, by raising the pH of the column buffer. The separated non-denaturated fractions can be used for structural, functional, and antigenic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02121808
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the contribution of the host species to the extent of antigenic variation of N1 influenza virus neuraminidase (1983)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 172 (1983), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract N1 influenza virus neuraminidases (NA) derived from avian, swine and human virus isolates, including the genetically related classic strains A/FPV/Rostock/34, A/Swine/1976/31, A/PR8/34 and A/FM1/47, were analysed serologically by neuraminidase inhibition (NI), inhibition of virus release (IVR) and competitive radio-immunoassays (competitive RIA). Comparing the three tests, competitive RIA appeared to be more reliable than NI and IVR for a quantitative assessment of antigenic relatedness. Together with evidence presented by others, these studies indicate that the host species contributes to the extent of antigenic variation of NAses. In contrast to NAses of human viruses where antigenic drift occurs readily, NAses of animal influenza viruses, from birds or mammalians, undergo far fewer antigen changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02123672
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viral glycoproteins as determinants of pathogenicity (1982)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 170 (1982), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion With myxoviruses we are now beginning to understand the complex biological phenomenon of pathogenicity at the molecular level. Proteolytic activation of the viral glycoproteins proved to be a very important determinant for pathogenicity. Variations in pathogenicity are the result of structural variations of the glycoproteins. The available evidence indicates that these structural variations are confined to the cleavage site, i.e., to a small but functionally important part of the molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02298195
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus in the Philippines (1989)
    Springer
    Infection 17 (1989), S. 275-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In den Philippinen wurde zwischen 1981 und 1983 eine Verlaufsstudie zur Mutter-Kind-Übertragung des Hepatitis-B-Virus durchgeführt. Bei 527 Müttern fand sich eine HBsAg-Prävalenz von 8,5%. Sieben von 17 Neugeborenen (41,2%) der HBsAg-Carrier-Mütter wurden im Ablauf der ersten 12 Lebensmonate HBsAg-positiv. Bei Kindern HBsAg-positiver Mütter war das Risiko einer HBsAg-Serokonversion 20mal höher als bei Kindern HBsAg-negativer Mütter (OR=18,9; 95%; Ci=2,0−86,6). Bei Müttern, die nicht nur HBsAg, sondern auch HBeAg-Carrier waren, bestand ein noch größeres Risiko für das Kind, HBsAg-positiv zu werden (OR=91,0; 95%; Ci=49,2−164,8). Bei Müttern, die HBsAg-Carrier, aber anti-HBe-positiv waren, bestand nur ein sehr geringes Übertragungsrisiko. Schätzungsweise sind ein Drittel der Fälle von HBsAg-Positivität bei einjährigen Kindern auf Mutter-Kind-Übertragung zurückzuführen. Die Bedeutung dieser Daten für die Planung von Impfaktionen zur Prävention von HBV-Infektionen wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary A follow-up study of mother to infant transmission of hepatitis B virus was conducted in the Philippines between 1981 and 1983. The prevalence of HBsAg among 527 mothers was 8.5%. Overall, seven out of 17 (41.2%) infants born to HBsAg carrier mothers became HBsAg positive within the first 12 months of life. The risk of becoming HBsAg positive was about 20 times higher for infants born to HBsAg positive mothers than for infants born to HBsAg negative mothers (OR=18.9, 95% Ci=2.0−86.6). The risk was even higher if the mother was a carrier of both HBsAg und HBeAg (OR=91.0, 95% Ci=49.2−164.8). However, the risk of transmission was very low if the mother was an HBsAg carrier and anti-HBe positive. It was estimated that mother to infant transmission accounts for about one third of HBsAg positivity at one year of age. The implications of these findings in the planning of vaccination campaigns to prevent HBV infections are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01650707
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the development of the charge heterogeneity of the influenza virus glycoproteins (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 83 (1985), S. 311-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The heterogeneity in charge of the influenza virus glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) is retained, when glycosylation is inhibited by tunicamycin (TM) or 2-deoxyglucose (2-dg). This is in contrast to the charge heterogeneity of the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which is mainly due to heterogeneous sulfation of the carbohydrate side chains and therefore is abolished by the above mentioned inhibitors of glycosylation. Thus, the charge heterogeneity of influenza virus glycoproteins might be attributable to some as yet unidentified modifications of the polypeptide backbone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309926
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p53-Mutationen/ p53-Proteinüberexpression Differentielle Bedeutung für die Progression von Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen* (1999)
    Springer
    HNO 47 (1999), S. 833-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050470
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between the presence of anti HPV33 VLP antibodies and HPV DNA in cervical neoplasia patients (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 413-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The L1 capsid proteins derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) type 33 were expressed in a recombinant baculovirus system using Sf9 insect cells. Selected sera originating in women from case-control study carried out in Spain and Colombia found negative and positive for HPV16, 18, 31, 33 and 35 DNA were tested in ELISA for the presence of IgG antibodies to purified virus-like particles (VLP). The reactivity was type-restricted with the possible exception of HPV31.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050087
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression von Zellzykluskomponenten in fortgeschrittenen Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen Bedeutung für die Prognose nach primärer akzelerierter Radiochemotherapie (1999)
    Springer
    HNO 47 (1999), S. 777-786 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kopf-Hals-Tumoren ; Prognostische Faktoren ; Radiochemotherapie ; Zellzyklusproteine ; Key words Head and neck tumors ; Radiochemotherapy ; Prognostic factors ; Cell-cycle regulatory proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: Primary radiochemotherapy is gaining increasing importance for the treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. However, there is a lack of clinical factors concerning prognostic information in relation to treatment. In this pilot study, we examined whether molecular factors can provide such information. Patients and methods: The expression patterns and their possible prognostic relevance of the cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, p21WAF/CIP1, Rb, p16INK4A, CDK4 and Cyclin D1, MIB1 (Ki-67) and BCL-2 were analysed in pretreatment tumor biopsies from 43 patients with advanced carcinomas of the oropharynx (n=26), hypopharynx (n=10) and larynx (n=7) by applying immunohistochemistry to paraffin sections of tumor specimens. All patients were treated by the same method of an accelerated ”concomitant boost” radiochemotherapy with carboplatin in a phase II study. Median followup time was 56 months. Results: No correlation was found between any of the markers and the remission rate, T-stage, N-stage, rate of loco-regional recurrences and distant metastases. However, independent of the tumor stage, patients with CDK4/cyclin-D1 overexpressing tumors had a significantly shortened overall survival (P=0.014 and 0.026, respectively). Conclusion: The results of this pilot study indicate that CDK4 and cyclin D1 over-expression provide useful prognostic information about clinical outcome after primary radiochemotherapy of head and neck cancer patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Bei fortgeschrittenen Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen wird in zunehmendem Maße die primäre Radiochemotherapie einer primär operativen Therapie vorgezogen. Klinische prognostische Faktoren für die Krankheitsverläufe nach primärer Radiochemotherapie fehlen jedoch. Die vorliegende Pilotstudie sollte klären, ob molekulare Faktoren prognostische Aussagen liefern können. Patienten und Methoden: In prätherapeutischen Biopsien von 43 Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Karzinomen wurde die Expression der Zellzykluskomponenten p53, p21WAF/CIP1, Rb, p16INK4A, CDK4 und Cyclin D1, des Proliferationsmarkers MIB1 und des apoptosehemmenden Proteins BCL-2 immunhistochemisch bestimmt. Die Patienten wurden nach dem Protokoll einer akzelerierten „Concomitant-boost-Radiochemotherapie” mit Carboplatin im Rahmen einer Phase-II-Studie behandelt. Die mediane Beobachtungszeit zum Analysezeitpunkt betrug 56 Monate. Ergebnisse: Keiner der Marker korrelierte mit dem Tumorstadium und N-Status, den Remissionsraten nach Therapieende oder dem posttherapeutischen Auftreten von Rezidiven, Metastasen und Zweitkarzinomen. Dahingegen hatten Patienten mit CDK4- und Cyclin D1-überexprimierenden Tumoren unabhängig vom Tumorstadium eine signifikant kürzere Gesamtüberlebenszeit (p=0,014 bzw. 0,026). Schlußfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse der Pilotstudie indizieren eine prognostische Bedeutung der Überexpression von CDK4 und Cyclin D1 nach primärer Radiochemotherapie von fortgeschrittenen Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050460
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Onkogene humane Papillomaviren Schlüsselrolle bei Plattenepithelkarzinomen der Tonsillen mit Defekt im Retinoblastomprotein* (1999)
    Springer
    HNO 47 (1999), S. 796-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schüsselwörter Tonsillenkarzinome ; Onkogene humane Papillomaviren (HPV) ; Retinoblastomprotein (pRb) ; Prognose ; Key words Tonsillar squamous cell carcinomas ; Oncogenic human papillomavirus ; Retinoblastoma protein ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In order to identify squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) with common biological and clinical features, we investigated the incidence and properties of carcinomas lacking retinoblastoma protein (pR6) cell cycle control. Of 208 HNSCC investigated, 23 (11%) showed a lack of pRb expression. The majority of these tumors (65%) were tonsillar carcinomas. The pRb-negative tonsillar tumors were all stage IV, had metastasized to lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis and were in general poorly differentiated or undifferentiated. Very significantly, the pRb-negative phenotype was strongly associated with the presence of oncogenic human papilloma viruses, implying a viral etiology and functional inactivation of pRb by the viral E7 oncoprotein. Despite the very adverse histopathological factors, patients with pRb-negative tonsillar carcinomas had a better clinical outcome, which was consistent with a uniform favorable responsiveness of these tumors to postoperative radiation therapy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hinsichtlich biologischer Tumorcharakteristika, Genese und klinischen Eigenschaften von Plattenepithelkarzinomen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich bestehen viele Unklarheiten. Zur besseren Charakterisierung dieser Karzinome wurde geprüft, ob es Tumoren mit Defekten im Retinoblastomstoffwechsel gibt und ob weitere molekulare und klinische Gemeinsamkeiten vorliegen. Bei 11% der untersuchten Plattenepithelkarzinome des Kopf-Hals-Bereichs (23 von 208) lag ein Defekt im Retinoblastomstoffwechsel vor; 15 dieser 23 Tumoren (65%) waren in der Tonsille lokalisiert. Die pRb-negativen Tumoren lagen überwiegend als Stadium IV (UICC) vor, hatten bereits in regionäre Lymphknoten metastasiert und wiesen eine geringgradige Differenzierung auf. Dagegen waren klinische Verläufe und Gesamtüberlebenszeiten nach Operation und Strahlentherapie günstig. Die molekularbiologischen Analysen zeigten folgende Gemeinsamkeiten innerhalb dieser Gruppe der Tonsillenkarzinome: Der Retinoblastom-Protein (pRb)- und Cyclin-D1-Spiegel waren erniedrigt, p16INK4a erhöht. Es zeigte sich eine starke Assoziation mit onkogenen humanen Papillomaviren (HPV), durch deren Onkogen E7 wahrscheinlich die pRb-Inaktivierung erfolgt. Damit kommt den Papillomaviren eine wesentliche Rolle für die Entstehung und besonderen klinischen Eigenschaften dieser Tonsillenkarzinome zu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050462
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-sensitive mutants of TMV: Behavior of a non-coat protein mutant in isolated tobacco cells (1972)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 116 (1972), S. 95-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A temperature-sensitive mutant of TMV with an unaltered coat protein was studied in tobacco cells isolated from leaves pre-infected at permissive temperature. At nonpermissive temperature coat protein synthesis continued at a normal rate, actinomycin D resistant RNA synthesis was stimulated, but no newly synthesized RNA was incorporated into virus or virus-like nucleoproteid particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334265
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