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  • Electronic Resource  (24)
  • 1990-1994  (24)
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  • Electronic Resource  (24)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Añíbarro B, Domínguez C, Díaz JM, Martín MF, García-Ara MC, Boyano MT, Ojeda JA. Apple-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Reproducible, exercise-induced anaphylactic reactions occur in some patients only after certain foods have been eaten before exercise. We describe a patient in whom hazelnuts were a triggering factor for exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Skin tests and RAST were positive for nuts and grass and weed pollen. The exercise challenge test after hazelnut ingestion was positive. Food hypersensitivity should be investigated in all cases of exercise-induced anaphylaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Pleistocene sedimentary growth pattern of the northern Catalonia continental shelf is characterized by the vertical stacking of seaward downlapping regressive deposits. These deposits are characterized by a progradational development, with oblique clinoforms of low angle in the middle continental shelf, that become more inclined seaward in the outer continental shelf and shelfbreak. Eustatic sea level fluctuations controlled the development of this sedimentary pattern, whereas sediment supply conditioned the nonuniform progradation along the continental shelf and subsidence due to both sediment loading and tectonics controlled its preservation through and along the continental shelf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 151-154 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Antidiabetic drugs ; drug utilization ; health care systems ; Spain ; DDD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The consumption of antidiabetic drugs in a Spanish region (Extremadura) in the period 1986–1987 has been investigated by the “defined daily dose” (DDD) method. The study was done in three health care systems in the region: civil servants (“Mutualidad de Funcionarios Civiles del Estado: MUFACE”) armed forces group (“Instituto Social de las Fuerzas Armadas: ISFAS”) and the national system (“Instituto Nacional de la Salud: INSALUD”). The total consumption of antidiabetic drugs varied three-fold, ranging from 5,73 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (3,71 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for oral antidiabetic drugs and 2,02 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for insulin) in the civil servant group to 15,82 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (12 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for oral antidiabetic drugs and 3,82 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day for insulins) in the armed forces. The differences were more pronounced for oral antidiabetics than for insulins. The utilization of insulin among the civil servants was about half of that by the two other groups. Of oral antidiabetics, sulphonylureas were the most frequently used by the three groups, and within them glibenclamide accounted for more than half of the DDDs, while biguanides were scarcely used in any group. The differences are difficult to assess, since they could be due to several factors, such as age-differences in the population studied, different prescribing habits, and differences in sociocultural level. The results justify further comparative studies of drug utilization in different health systems within the same region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Larvae of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) were transferred to normal or glucose-enriched sea water immediately after mouth opening to assess their ability to absorb and assimilate glucose at the beginning of the larval period. Assimilation was monitored by histological and cytochemical analysis of the liver. The results showed that (1) the larvae of both species regularly ingested water, (2) glucose absorption resulted in glycogen accumulation in the hepatocytes (this was more marked in sea bass than in sea bream), and (3) glucose delayed the pathological effects of fasting. Consideration of metabolic derivatives indicates that hepatic glycogen probably arises from neoglucogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Absorption of proteins by pinocytosis was studied in the postvalvular intestine of larvae of the sea bassDicentrarchus labrax during transition to the exotrophic phase. Comparison of specimens ranging in age from 4 or 5 d (age of mouth opening) to 25 d (period of strictly exotrophic feeding) made it possible to determine the morphofunctional development of enterocytes when fish are fed onArtemia sp. (Brazil strain). The pinocytotic activity of enterocytes was weak at the time of mouth opening, but intensified rapidly. After the first feed (7 to 8 d), enterocytes were capable of absorbing proteins, since they actively incorporated ferritin. At the age of 18 to 19 d, they showed a strong capacity for absorption resulting in the formation of a large supranuclear vacuole by the age of 25 d. Examination of the intestine of larvae fed artificially showed that enterocytes developed little until 18 to 19 d of age, but the presence of supranuclear vacuoles in the cytoplasm nevertheless indicated a capacity for absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The development of intestinal lipid absorption capacities was studied in larvae of the sea bassDicentrarchus labrax from the time of mouth opening to 25 d after hatching, in individuals fed with brine shrimp,Artemia sp. (Brazil commercial strain) or artificial diets. At the time of mouth opening, before the first feed, enterocytes synthesized lipoprotein particles from endogenous lipids. Starting with the first feed, enterocytes absorbed food lipids regardless of the diet, but since these cells have a low capacity for lipoprotein synthesis, they accumulated lipids in the form of “free” lipid droplets. In larvae fed withArtemia sp., the rapid development of enterocytes during growth was combined with increasingly effective lipoprotein synthesis (becoming even greater than that observed in the adult), starting on Days 18 to 19. Although lipoprotein synthesis and transport were observed in larvae given artificial feed, they showed abnormalities in their intestinal mucosa. Lipid droplets formed in association with the membrane structures of specimens given egg yolk during the first days of feeding, and enterocytes degenerated. In 18 to 19 d-old larvae given artificial feed, intestinal folds disappeared and the constituent cells showed limited differentiation. In the last-mentioned individuals, the abnormalities appeared to be related to malnutrition resulting from inadequacy of the food offered, which led to total mortality of larvae, beginning on Day 20.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1573-7195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumé Les résultats cliniques des dispositifs TCu200B et TCu380A ont été évalués par l'analyse de la table de survie dans une étude cohorte de femmes qui portaient un de ces dispositifs pendant la période de juillet 1979 à juillet 1982. Cette communication présente les résultats de cinq années d'utilisation. Aucune différence significative n'a été constatée en ce qui concerne l'âge et la parité chez les utilisatrices des deux groupes. Dans l'ensemble, les deux modèles ont produit de très bons résultats. Les taux de poursuite cumulés ont été de 83,6, 60,9 et 46,1 % après un, trois et cinq ans avec le TCu200, et de 84,0, 64,7 et 49,3 avec le TCu380A pendant les mêmes périodes. Les différences entre les deux dispositifs n'étaient pas significatives. Les pourcentages de grossesses étaient plus faibles avec le TCu380A, atteignant une proportion statistiquement significative à partir de la quatrième année. Les auteurs en ont conclu que des deux dispositifs intra-utérins permettaient d'obtenir de très bons résultats, la seule différence observée ayant été la plus grande efficacité du modèle TCu380A.
    Abstract: Resumen Los resultados clínicos de los dispositivos TCu200B y TCu380A fueron evaluados mediante el análisis de la tabla de supervivencia en un estudio cohorte de mujeres que tuvieron colocado un DIU desde julio de 1979 a julio de 1982. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de cinco años de uso. No se observó ninguna diferencia significativa en lo que respecta a edad y paridad entre las usuarias de los dos grupos. En general, los dos modelos dieron un muy buen resultado. Las proporciones de continuación acumulativa fueron de 83,6, 60,9 y 46,1 después de uno, tres y cinco años con el TCu200, y de 84,0, 64,7 y 49,3 con el TCu380A durante los mismos períodos. Las diferencias entre los dos dispositivos no fueron significativas. Los porcentajes de embarazos fueron menores con el TCu380A y alcanzaron una proporción estadísticamente significativa a partir del cuarto año. Los autores llegaron a la conclusión de que los dos dispositivos intrauterinos permitían obtener muy buenos resultados, siendo la única diferencia observada la mayor eficacia del modelo TCu380A.
    Notes: Abstract The clinical performance of the TCu200B and TCu380A was evaluated by life table analysis in a cohort of women who wore an IUD from July 1979 to July 1982. This paper presents the results up to five years of use. No significant differences in age and parity were found between the users in the two groups. Overall performance was very good with both models. The cumulative continuation rate was 83.6, 60.9 and 46.1 at one, three and five years with the TCu200 and 84.0, 64.7 and 49.3 with the TCu380A in the same periods. Differences between both IUDs were not significant. The pregnancy rate was lower with the TCu380A and reached statistical significance from the fourth year on. The authors conclude that both IUDs presented very good performance, the TCu380A being more effective, the only significant difference observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Advances in contraception 9 (1993), S. 117-128 
    ISSN: 1573-7195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumé Les programmes de planning familial mis en oeuvre en Amérique latine ont été pour la plupart motivés par la croissance démographique dans la région et visaient surtout à obtenir des résultats quantitatifs, mais relégant, du point de vue des utilisatrices, au second plan la qualité. Au cours des décennies passées, on a cependant observé un souci croissant d'assurer la qualité des soins du planning familial, la plupart des chercheurs et des pourvoyeurs de services s'étant peu à peu rendu compte que si les méthodes contraceptives étaient dispensées sans respecter des normes de qualité élevées, les taux de poursuite étaient généralement faibles et l'image des méthodes et des services était compromise. Le présent exposé passe en revue, selon le cadre mis au point par Judith Bruce, la qualité des services de planning familial en Amérique latine et propose certaines actions qui permettraient de l'améliorer. L'analyse a relevé des déficiences graves dans presque tous les domaines définis par Bruce, principalement en ce qui concerne le choix, les compétences techniques et les mesures aptes à favoriser la continuité. Les auteurs suggèrent que, pour les améliorer, les services devraient a) refléter l'engagement des échelons supérieurs de la gestion vis-à-vis de la qualité, b) suivre de près les clients/utilisateurs, c) améliorer les conditions de travail du personnel sanitaire, d) mesurer la qualité et e) récompenser la qualité. Les auteurs concluent que a) des services de meilleure qualité conduisent à des résultats plus satisfaisants pour le programme, b) la qualité est efficace par rapport à son coψt, c) l'engagement des échelons supérieurs de gestion est critique si l'on veut améliorer la qualité et d) la qualité des soins n'est pas un luxe; elle est nécessaire et possible dans toutes les circonstances.
    Abstract: Resumen La mayoría de los programas de planificación familiar en América Latina se han aplicado en respuesta al crecimiento demográfico de la región y han estado destinados principalmente a obtener resultados cuantitativos, dejando la calidad, desde el punto de vista del usuario, en segundo lugar. En las últimas décadas se ha observado creciente interés por la calidad de la atención en la esfera de la planificación familiar porque la mayoría de los investigadores y proveedores de servicios comenzaron a darse cuenta de que, cuando los métodos anticonceptivos son proporcionados sin mantener altos niveles de calidad. las tasas de continuación suelen ser inferiores y se daña la imagen de los métodos y servicios. Este trabajo examina el nivel de calidad de los servicios de planificación familiar en América Latina según el encuadre de Judith Bruce y propone ciertas actividades que podrían mejorarlo. El análisis detectó graves deficiencias en casi todos los elementos citados por Bruce, principalmente en cuanto a elección. competencia técnica y mecanismos para mejorar la continuidad. Los autores proponen que, a fin de mejorar la calidad, los servicios a) generen un compromiso asumido por los principales directivos respecto a la calidad, b) permanezcan cerca del cliente/usuario, c) mejoren las condiciones de trabajo de los trabajadores sanitarios/proveedores, d) midan la calidad y e) recompensen la calidad. Los autores llegan a la conclusión de que a) los servicios de mayor calidad originan mejores resultados en los programas, b) la alta calidad es eficaz en función de los costos, c) el compromiso de los directivos es esencial para mejorar la calidad y d) la calidad de la atención no es un lujo sino algo necesario y posible en cualquier marco.
    Notes: Abstract The majority of family planning programs in Latin American have been implemented in response to the region's population growth and aimed mainly at obtaining quantitative results, leaving quality, from the user's point of view, in second place. Recent decades have witnessed an increasing concern for quality of care in family planning because most researchers and service providers began to realize that when contraceptive methods are delivered without maintaining high quality levels, continuation rates are usually low and the image of methods and services is impaired. This paper reviews the level of quality of services in family planning in Latin America following Judith Bruce's framework and proposes some activities that may improve it. The analysis found severe deficiencies in almost all the elements mentioned by Bruce, mainly in choice, technical competence, and mechanisms for improving continuity. The authors propose that to improve quality, services should (a) generate top management commitment to quality, (b) stay close to the client/user, (c) improve work conditions of providers/health workers, (d) measure quality, and (e) reward quality. The authors' conclusions are that (a) better quality services lead to better program results, (b) high quality is cost-effective, (c) managerial commitment is critical to improvement of quality, and (d) quality of care is not a luxury; it is necessary and possible in all settings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1573-7195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumé Cette étude avait pour objectif d'évaluer les résultats cliniques de la première année d'utilisation du DIU TCu200B dans une cohorte de femmes chez lesquelles le dispositif avait été réinséré immédiatement après le retrait à l'expiration de la durée de vie du précédent, en les comparant aux résultats dans un groupe de femmes l'utilisant pour la première fois et dans une cohorte de femmes ayant continué à utiliser ce DIU pendant plus de 60 mois. L'échantillon comprenait 1.066 utilisatrices, 339 dans chacun des deux premiers groupes, et 388 dans le troisième. Les analyses par les tables de survie ont servi à calculer les taux de poursuite et les taux bruts d'abandon en fonction des motifs. La signification des différences entre les groupes a été testée par les méthodes statistiques de rang. Les taux de grossesse ont été faibles, dans le groupe des réinsertions comme dans celui des premières insertions, et aucune grossesse n'est survenue dans le groupe ayant porté le dispositif au-delà de la cinquième année. On a constaté des taux d'expulsion et d'abandon du suivi significativement moins élevés chez les femmes ayant porté ce dispositif au-delà de la cinquième année. En outre, ce groupe a révélé un taux significativement plus fort de retraits à des fins d'investigation. Ces résultats montrent qu'il n'y a aucune raison de recommander le retrait ou le remplacement du DIU TCu200B avant la fin de la sixième année d'utilisation. Lorsqu'un nouveau dispositif doit être inséré à l'expiration de la durée de vie du précédent, il faut prescrire aux opérateurs de le faire immédiatement après le retrait, car cette pratique n'entraîne aucun risque supplémentaire, réduit le nombre des visites à la clinique et évite à la femme d'avoir recours à une méthode provisoire en attendant l'insertion d'un nouveau dispositif.
    Abstract: Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento clínico, durante et primer año, del DIU TCu200B en un grupo de mujeres en las que se había reinsertado el DIU inmediatamente después del retiro por expiración de la duración en comparación con un grupo de aceptadoras iniciales, y un grupo de mujeres que continuaron utilizando el dispositivo durante más de 60 meses. La muestra consistió en 1.066 usuarias, 339 en cada uno de los dos grupos y 388 en el tercero. Se utilizó el análisis de tablas de vida para calcular la tasa de continuación y la tasa bruta de abandono por razones. La significación estadística de las diferencias entre los grupos se sometió a prueba con el métodolog-rank. Las tasas de embarazo fueron bajas, tanto en el grupo de reinserciones como de primeras inserciones, y no se registró ningún embarazo en el grupo que utilizaba el dispositivo con posterioridad al quinto año. La tasa de expulsión y LFU fueron significativamente inferiores en el grupo de mujeres que utilizaban el dispositivo con posterioridad al quinto año. Además, este grupo señaló una tasa significativamente superior de retiro por elección del investigador. Estos resultados indican que no hay motivos para recomendar el retiro o reemplazo del TCu200B antes de concluir el sexto año de uso. Cuando se ha de insertar un nuevo DIU después del retiro por expiración de la duración, se debe indicar a los proveedores que lo coloquen inmediatamente después del retiro porque este procedimiento no presenta riesgos adicionales, reduce el número de visitas clínicas y evita a las mujeres el uso de un método transitorio mientras aguardan a la reinserción.
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the first year clinical performance of the TCu200B IUD in a cohort of women who had the IUD re-inserted immediately after a removal for life-span expiration, compared with a group of initial acceptors, and a cohort of women who continued using the device for more than 60 months. The sample consisted of 1066 users, 339 in each of the two first groups and 388 in the third. Life-table analysis was used to calculate continuation and gross discontinuation rates by reason. Statistical significance of the differences between groups was tested by log-rank method. Pregnancy rates were low, both in the group of re-insertions and first insertions, and no pregnancies occurred in the group using the device beyond the fifth year. The expulsion rate and lost-to-follow-up (LFU) rate were significantly lower in the group of women who used the device beyond the fifth year. In addition, this group showed a significantly higher rate of removal for investigator's choice. These results show that there is no reason to recommend the removal and replacement of the TCu200B before the end of the sixth year of use. When a new IUD is to be inserted after removal for life-span expiration, providers should be instructed to insert it immediately after the removal, because this procedure does not pose additional risks, reduces the number of clinic visits, and relieves the women of the use of a temporary method while waiting for the re-insertion.
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