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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α and transforming growth factor β on group II phospholipase A2 activity in rat gingival fibroblasts (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 28 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1993.tb02116.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phospholipase A2 in rat gingival tissue (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 27 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a proinflammatory enzyme in the synovial fluids of all - and sera of some - patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Due to the similarities in pathogenesis between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis, we sought to study the enzymatic properties of PLA2 in periodontal tissue. In this study, we demonstrated PLA2 activity in rat gingival tissue, about 80% of which was present in the cytosolic fraction. We characterized the cytosolic PLA2 enzyme with respect to substrate specificity, sensitivity to detergent, Ca2+ ion dependency and optimum pH. We found that phosphatidylethanolamine, rather than phosphatidylcholine, was the preferred substrate, the Ca2+ ion was essential for the expression of PLA2 activity, the enzyme was active over a broad pH range, with the optimum at pH 9.0, and sodium-deoxycholate inhibited the enzyme activity strongly in a concentration-dependent manner. These results are consistent with those which have been obtained with synovial fluid PLA2 and suggest that gingival PLA2 may be involved in the pathogenic processes of gingivitis and periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01827.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of (3,5,7,13,15,17-hexaethyl-2,8,12,18-tetramethylporphinato)copper(II) (1990)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 1745-1747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270190004346
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of N,N-dimethyl-9-anthrylacetamide (1991)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 47 (1991), S. 200-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270190007466
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoperiodic responses during larval development and diapause of two geographic ecotypes of the rice stem maggot, Chlorops oryzae (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 273-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Diapause ; photoperiod ; rice stem maggot ; Chlorops oryzae ; Chloropidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chlorops oryzae is bivoltine in northern Japan but trivoltine in the southern part of the country. In the bivoltine strain, both the egg and larval stages were found to be sensitive to photoperiod. When the egg stage was exposed to a long-day photoperiod (16L:8D), larval development showed a short-day type response, and mature third-instar larvae entered a summer diapause under a long-day photoperiod (15L:9D). When eggs experienced short days, the first-instar larvae entered a winter diapause under short-day conditions, and the critical photoperiod in the larval stage ranged from about 14L:10D to about 12L:12D as the photoperiod experienced by the eggs increased from 12L:12D to 14L:10D. However, the development of the larvae after overwintering was not influenced by the photoperiod. In the trivoltine strain, larval development was retarded under a 14L:10D photoperiod but not under either shorter or longer photoperiods, when larvae had spent the egg stage under a 16L:8D photoperiod. The critical photoperiod of the larval stage for the induction of a winter diapause in the first instar was about 12L:12D, though it varied to some extent with the photoperiod during the egg stage. Thus, Chlorops oryzae was able to adapt itself to the local climatic conditions by the development of variable and complicated photoperiodic responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192776
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ceramic electrodes for an alkali metal thermo-electric converter (AMTEC) (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 23 (1993), S. 1251-1258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract TiN, TiC, TiC/TiN, and Mo electrodes for an Alkali Metal Thermo-Electric Converter (AMTEC) were prepared by ceramic processing and their cathodic polarization characteristics were studied at 600–800°C. The polarization characteristics for TiN and TIC electrodes were similar to those for the Mo electrode. Among three kinds of TiC electrodes with different morphologies, the electrode consisting of finer grains gave a higher power density (0.40 W cm−2). The activation energies for the exchange current density were smaller for ceramic electrodes than for the Mo electrode. In the high current density region above about 1 A cm−2, a limiting current region appeared. When the vacuum level of the low temperature region, which was controlled by introduction of argon, was below 10 Pa, the power density did not depend on the vacuum level but, above 10 Pa, the power density decreased with increase of argon pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234808
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous determination of nicotine and cotinine in various human tissues using capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 106 (1994), S. 232-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Nicotine ; Cotinine ; Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry ; Human Tissue ; Distribution ; Smokers' level ; Nikotin ; Cotinin ; Gaschromatographie/Massenspektrometrie ; Menschliches Gewebe ; Verteilung ; Tabakraucher
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur gleichzeitigen Bestimmung von Nikotin und Cotinin in verschiedenen Körpergeweben wurde eine zuverlässige und sensitive Methode mittels der Kapillar-Gas-Chromatographie/Massenspektrometrie entwickelt. Nikotin und Cotinin wurden durch einen 3-stufigen Extraktionsvorgang mit Chinolin als internem Standard isoliert und die Quantifizierung mittels der single ion monitoring-Technik durchgeführt, wobei für Nikotin das Ion m/z 133, für Cotinin m/z 176 und für Chinolin m/z 129 verwendet wurde. Die Detektionsgrenze lag in allen Geweben für Nikotin bei 5 ng/g und für Cotinin bei 10 ng/g, die Kalibrierung erbrachte lineare Verhältnisse im Bereich von 5–1.200 ng/g für Nikotin und im Bereich von 10–1.500 ng/g für Cotinin. Die Genauigkeit und Präzision der Methode wurde an verschiedenen Körpergeweben ausreichend bewiesen. Die Verteilung der beiden Verbindungen in verschiedenen Geweben wurde in 10 Fällen bestimmt. Die festgestellten Nikotinspiegel lagen hierbei bei Konzentrationen, die bei üblichen Tabakrauchern gemessen werden. Hohe Nikotinspiegel wurden in Leber, Niere, Milz und Lunge, niedrige Konzentrationen im Fettgewebe festgestellt. Die Cotinin-Konzentration lag in der Leber am höchsten. Das Gewebe-Blut-Verteilungsverhältnis für Nikotin und Cotinin war im Skelettmuskelgewebe am konstantesten, wobei die Konzentrationen hier jeweils nahe an den Konzentrationen im Blut lagen. Der Skelettmuskel ist somit das geeignetste Gewebe für toxikologische Untersuchungen, wenn die Asservierung von Blut nicht möglich ist.
    Notes: Summary A reliable and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of nicotine and cotinine concentrations in various human tissues was developed using capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Nicotine and cotinine were extracted using a 3-step solvent extraction procedure and quinoline as an internal standard. Quantification was carried out by single ion monitoring using ions of m/z 133 for nicotine, m/z 176 for cotinine and m/z 129 for quinoline. The lower limit of detection was 5 ng/g for nicotine and 10 ng/g for cotinine, in each tissue sample. The calibration curves of various tissues were linear in the concentration range from 5–1,200 ng/g for nicotine and 10–1,500 ng/g for cotinine. The accuracy and precision of this method were examined using human tissues and the results were satisfactory. The distribution of nicotine and cotinine was measured in tissues from 10 human autopsies. Nicotine was detected in every tissue examined at a level seen in habitual smokers. The nicotine concentration was high in the liver, kidney, spleen and lung, and low in adipose tissue. The cotinine level was highest in the liver. The tissue/blood concentration ratios of nicotine and cotinine were most stable in skeletal muscle, where the level of these drugs was close to that in whole blood. Skeletal muscle is, therefore, considered to be the most suitable tissue sample for toxicological examination, when acquisition of blood samples is not feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01225411
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How to diagnose polysulphide poisoning from tissue samples (1994)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 106 (1994), S. 288-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Toxicology ; Polysulphides ; Sulphide ; Tissue samples-GC ; GC/MS ; Poisoning ; Toxikologie ; Polysulfid ; Sulfid ; Gewebe ; Gewebeproben ; GC ; GC/MS ; Vergiftung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir haben Tierexperimente durchgeführt, um bei Untersuchung von Gewebsproben toxikologisch eine Polysulfid-Vergiftung zu verifizieren. Ein Bade-Agens, welches Calcium-Polysulfid enthielt, wurde Ratten oral zugeführt. Hierauf wurden Polysulfide und Sulfid, das Abbauprodukt von Polysulfiden, mit Hilfe von GC and GC/MS untersucht. Die Konzentrationen der Polysulfide (μmol/ml oder g) wurden am höchsten im Blut gefunden (0,194), gefolgt von der Leber (0,051), den Lungen (0,018) und den Nieren (0,013). Die Konzentrationen waren in den übrigen getesteten Organen unterhalb der Nachweisgrenze (0,004 μmol/g). Sulfid wurde in allen Gewebsproben gefunden. Mit 0,518 μmol/ml war die Konzentration am höchsten im Blut. Diese Konzentration war 40 mal höher als jene, welche für tödliche Vergiftungen im Falle von H2S-Vergiftung erforderlich ist. Polysulfid-Vergiftungen wurden bestätigend diagnostiziert durch den Nachweis und die Messung von Polysulfiden und in Ergänzung Sulfid in Körpergeweben, am ausgeprägtesten im Blut. Zwei praktische Fallberichte von vermuteter Vergiftung mit Polysulfiden werden kurz beschrieben.
    Notes: Summary We carried out animal experiments to toxicologically verify polysulphide poisoning by analyzing tissue samples. A bathing agent containing calcium polysulphides was administered orally to rats, and then polysulphides and sulphide, the decomposed product of polysulphides, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The concentrations of polysulphides (μmol/ml or g) were found to be highest in blood (0.196), followed by the liver (0.051), the lungs (0.018) and kindneys (0.013), but were below the detection limit (0.005 μmol/g) in the other tissues tested. Sulphide was detected in all the tissue samples and was found to be highest in the blood (0.518 μmol/ml), this being 40 times higher than that required for fatal poisoning in the case of hydrogen sulphide. Polysulphide poisoning was considered to be confirmatively diagnosed by detecting and measuring polysuphides and supplementarily sulphide in body tissues, most pertinently in the blood. Two practical cases of suspected poisoning by polysulphides are briefly described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01224772
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intersegmental connection with aberrant hepatic duct (1994)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 19 (1994), S. 425-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Biliary tract, anomalies ; Aberrant hepatic, duct-Cholangiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 66-year-old Japanese woman whose cystic duct drained into an aberrant bile duct was found to have an intersegmental connection bridging the right anterior and posterior ducts. The patient had cholelithiasis but no history of hepatic trauma, lending support to congenital etiology for the intersegmental duct. In the presence of aberrant bile ducts, a meticulous search may reveal such biliary communications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206930
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of prostaglandin E2 on mineralization of bone nodules formed by fetal rat calvarial cells (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 451-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Prostaglandin E2 ; Rat calvarial cell ; Differentiation ; Mineralization ; Osteopontin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effects of PGE2 on mineralized bone nodule formation were studied in fetal rat calvarial (RC) cells in vitro. Continuous exposure of RC cells to 3x10-8M PGE2 induced a twofold increase in mineralized bone nodule formation and a 1.5-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity without affecting RC cell growth. These stimulatory effects were evoked by concentrations of 3x 10-9-3x10-6 M PGE2 and the maximal effect was observed with 3x10-8 M PGE2. The in vitro effects of PGE2 were evident when RC cells were exposed to it on days 8–14 and 8–21, which correspond to the post-confluent culture stage, but no effects were observed when the cells were exposed on days 1–7, the growth stage. The ALPase activity was also higher (1.2–1.4-fold) when 3x10-8 M PGE2 was added during the post-confluent stage. In order to determine the effect of PGE2 during the mineralization phase of bone nodules in the presence of a large population of osteoprogenitor cells, RC cells were exposed to dexamethasone for 7 days before PGE2 was added during the post-confluent stage. A significantly higher percentage of nodules mineralized were observed with 3x10-8-3x10-9 M PGE2 (1.6-and 1.4-fold, respectively), than in control cultures. Analysis of the mineral-related proteins by EDTA extraction of bone nodules followed by electrophoresis and Stains-All staining revealed an increased total amount of osteopontin extracted from the mineralized matrix after PGE2 treatment. The osteopontin content was highest after 3x10-8 M PGE2, with a 73% increase of the densitometric intensity of the bands, although this increase, reflected the increased number of mineralized bone nodules due to PGE2. These findings suggest that PGE2 may increase the proportion of functional osteoblasts able to produce mineralized bone nodules in the population by stimulating differentiation during the postconfluent stage of RC cell culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298559
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