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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of classification 2 (1985), S. 173-192 
    ISSN: 1432-1343
    Keywords: Ultrametric trees ; Mathematical programming ; Variable importance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents the development of a new methodology which simultaneously estimates in a least-squares fashion both an ultrametric tree and respective variable weightings for profile data that have been converted into (weighted) Euclidean distances. We first review the relevant classification literature on this topic. The new methodology is presented including the alternating least-squares algorithm used to estimate the parameters. The method is applied to a synthetic data set with known structure as a test of its operation. An application of this new methodology to ethnic group rating data is also discussed. Finally, extensions of the procedure to model additive, multiple, and three-way trees are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1343
    Keywords: Hierarchical clustering ; Path length trees ; Mathematical programming ; Constrained classification methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A mathematical programming algorithm is developed for fitting ultrametric or additive trees to proximity data where external constraints are imposed on the topology of the tree. The two procedures minimize a least squares loss function. The method is illustrated on both synthetic and real data. A constrained ultrametric tree analysis was performed on similarities between 32 subjects based on preferences for ten odors, while a constrained additive tree analysis was carried out on some proximity data between kinship terms. Finally, some extensions of the methodology to other tree fitting procedures are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of classification 5 (1988), S. 249-282 
    ISSN: 1432-1343
    Keywords: Cluster analysis ; Multiple regression ; Maximum likelihood estimation ; E-M algorithm ; Marketing trade shows
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a conditional mixture, maximum likelihood methodology for performing clusterwise linear regression. This new methodology simultaneously estimates separate regression functions and membership inK clusters or groups. A review of related procedures is discussed with an associated critique. The conditional mixture, maximum likelihood methodology is introduced together with the E-M algorithm utilized for parameter estimation. A Monte Carlo analysis is performed via a fractional factorial design to examine the performance of the procedure. Next, a marketing application is presented concerning the evaluations of trade show performance by senior marketing executives. Finally, other potential applications and directions for future research are identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1860-0980
    Keywords: binary data analysis ; multidimensional scaling ; nonlinear probit model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new stochastic multidimensional scaling vector threshold model designed to analyze “pick any/n” choice data (e.g., consumers rendering buy/no buy decisions concerning a number of actual products). A maximum likelihood procedure is formulated to estimate a joint space of both individuals (represented as vectors) and stimuli (represented as points). The relevant psychometric literature concerning the spatial treatment of such binary choice data is reviewed. The nonlinear probit type model is described, as well as the conjugate gradient procedure used to estimate parameters. Results of Monte Carlo analyses investigating the performance of this methodology with synthetic choice data sets are presented. An application concerning consumer choices for eleven competitive brands of soft drinks is discussed. Finally, directions for future research are presented in terms of further applications and generalizing the model to accommodate three-way choice data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychometrika 54 (1989), S. 707-736 
    ISSN: 1860-0980
    Keywords: cluster analysis ; combinatorial optimization ; regression analysis ; simulated annealing ; consumer psychology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract In many regression applications, users are often faced with difficulties due to nonlinear relationships, heterogeneous subjects, or time series which are best represented by splines. In such applications, two or more regression functions are often necessary to best summarize the underlying structure of the data. Unfortunately, in most cases, it is not known a priori which subset of observations should be approximated with which specific regression function. This paper presents a methodology which simultaneously clusters observations into a preset number of groups and estimates the corresponding regression functions' coefficients, all to optimize a common objective function. We describe the problem and discuss related procedures. A new simulated annealing-based methodology is described as well as program options to accommodate overlapping or nonoverlapping clustering, replications per subject, univariate or multivariate dependent variables, and constraints imposed on cluster membership. Extensive Monte Carlo analyses are reported which investigate the overall performance of the methodology. A consumer psychology application is provided concerning a conjoint analysis investigation of consumer satisfaction determinants. Finally, other applications and extensions of the methodology are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychometrika 50 (1985), S. 275-300 
    ISSN: 1860-0980
    Keywords: multidimensional scaling ; unfolding ; preference analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Three-way unfolding was developed by DeSarbo (1978) and reported in DeSarbo and Carroll (1980, 1981) as a new model to accommodate the analysis of two-mode three-way data (e.g., nonsymmetric proximities for stimulus objects collected over time) and three-mode, three-way data (e.g., subjects rendering preference judgments for various stimuli in different usage occasions or situations). This paper presents a revised objective function and new algorithm which attempt to prevent the common type of degenerate solutions encountered in typical unfolding analysis. We begin with an introduction of the problem and a review of three-way unfolding. The three-way unfolding model, weighted objective function, and new algorithm are presented. Monte Carlo work via a fractional factorial experimental design is described investigating the effect of several data and model factors on overall algorithm performance. Finally, three applications of the methodology are reported illustrating the flexibility and robustness of the procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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