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  • Electronic Resource  (13)
  • 1985-1989  (13)
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  • Electronic Resource  (13)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms and significance of adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 42 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb00369.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of histamine-H1 receptor antagonism with terfenadine on concentration-related AMP-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Selective histamine-H1 receptor antagonists inhibit adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-induced bronchoconstriction by 〉 80% when expressed as a percentage inhibition of the FEV1 time–response curve following inhalation of the provocation concentration of AMP required to produce a 20% decrease in FEV1 from baseline (PC20). To investigate this further we have determined that, in eight mild atopic asthmatic subjects, terfenadine (180 mg), administered 3 hr pre-challenge, increases the geometric mean PC20 for histamine from 0.4 (range 0.03–3) mg/ml after placebo, to 20.2 (range 0.6–64) mg/ml following active treatment (P〈0.0001). For AMP, the PC20 increased from 9.3 (range 1.0–113.3) mg/ml after placebo, to 150.2 (range 32.1–1177.7) mg/ml with terfenadine (P〈0.0001). This 16.2-fold (range, 5.5–47.9) displacement to the right of the AMP concentration–response curve by a selective histamine-H1 receptor antagonist emphasizes the central role of histamine in the airways response to this nucleotide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02406.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inhibitory effect of azelastine hydrochloride on histamine- and allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in atopic asthma (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have examined the effect of azelastine, a new H1 histamine receptor antagonist, against bronchoconstriction induced by histamine and allergen. Twelve mild, atopic asthmatics each underwent two histamine and two allergen concentration-response inhalation challenges 4 hr after treatment with either 8.8 mg of azelastine or a matched placebo. Following azelastine the dose of histamine required to provoke a 20% fall in FEV1 (PD20 histamine) rose, from a geometric mean of 0.31 mg/ml to 〈 13.2 mg/ml. Azelastine also significantly inhibited allergen-induced bronchoconstriction, the PD20 allergen rising from 9.3 cumulative breath units (c.b.u.) to 〈 47.9 c.b.u., a greater than 5-fold increase. We conclude that azelastine effectively inhibits both histamine and allergen-induced bronchoconstriction, with considerably greater potency against histamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02389.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative vascular effects of histamine, prostaglandin (PG) D2 and its metabolite 9α, 11β-PGF2 in human skin (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 18 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this double-blind study we have investigated the vascular effects of prostaglandin, (PG) D2, in normal skin and compared these effects with histamine and the initial PGD2 metabolite 9α, 11β-PGF2. In eight healthy subjects the vascular response to intradermal injections of histamine, PGD2, a combination of histamine and PGD2, and 9α, 11β-PGF2, was assessed by measurement of the weal and flare area. Histamine caused dose-related increases in weal area (P〈0.01). The weal response due to PGD2 was greater than saline control only at a dose of 71.0 and 710 nmol (P〈0.05). Because of the small size of the weal produced by PGD2 when compared with histamine, it was not possible to determine their relative potencies. Histamine and PGD2 caused dose-related increases in flare area (P〈0.05), and when compared at a response level of 10 cm2 and 15 cm2, histamine was 45 and 251 (P〈0.01) times more potent than PGD2 in molar terms. Weal and flare responses due to 9α, 11β-PGF2 were similar to those observed with the equimolar concentration of PGD2. The weal and flare responses when PGD2 and histamine when combined were not significantly different from that predicted by a purely additive effect. We conclude that histamine is likely to be an important mediator contributing towards increased vascular permeability and vasodilatation following immunological activation of skin mast cells in vivo, while PGD2 and its metabolite 9α, 11β-PGF2 play only a minor role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02914.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine secretion from human skin slices induced by anti-IgE and artificial secretagogues and the effects of sodium cromoglycate and salbutamol (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 15 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human cutaneous mast cells show functional differences from their counterparts in other tissues. Following passive sensitization with 1% atopic serum for 30 min at 37° C human skin slices released histamine after challenge with anti-human IgE in a concentration dependent manner. Maximum release of 14 ± 2%, was achieved with a 1/10 dilution of anti-IgE. Passive sensitization with 10% atopic serum increased the secretory response to anti-IgE but histamine release was only concentration related over the entire 1/1000 to 1/10 dilution range in half of the specimens studied, the remainder showing high dose tolerance to anti-IgE, Negligible histamine release occurred with anti-IgE challenge of slices which had not been passively sensitized.The histamine releasing ability of A23187 in human skin slices was similar to that observed in lung and adenoidal mast cells being concentration dependent over the range 0-1 3 μM with a maximum release of 25 ±3%. In contrast to human lung and adenoidal mast cells, poly-L-lysine and compound 48/80 induced histamine release from skin slices. Poly-L-lysine induced a concentration-dependent release of histamine over the range 0-01-10 mUM with a maximum of 27 ± 3%. The response to compound 48/80 was variable, releasing in some but not all specimens. Histamine release caused by anti-IgE. A23187 and poly-L-lysine was shown to be dependent upon extracellular calcium while release stimulated by compound 48/80 was calcium independent. The chemotactic peptide, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, over the range 0.01 10 μM failed to release histamine from skin slices. Sodium cromoglycate (100 1000 μM) failed to inhibit histamine release and the β-adrenoceptor stimulant salbutamol (1-10 μM) showed only weak activity at the lowest of three different concentrations of anti-IgE used for challenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1985.tb02999.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nedocromil sodium is more potent than sodium cromoglycate against AMP-induced bronchoconstriction in atopic asthmatic subjects (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Nedocromil sodium is a new chemical entity which shows similar properties to sodium cromoglycate (SCG) and in addition exhibits a preferential activity in stabilizing mucosal mast cells. We have compared the effect of inhalation of nebulized placebo, SCG and nedocromil sodium on the bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in eight atopic asthmatic subjects aged 25 yr (range 21–32 yr). The geometric mean provocation doses of AMP required to produce a 20% decrease in FEV1 (PD20 FEV1) and a 40% decrease in V˙max30 (PD40 V˙max30) following placebo were 4.9 (0.3–14.2) and 1.8 (0.1–8.4) μmol respectively. Prior inhalation of both SCG and nedocromil sodium significantly inhibited the bronchoconstrictor response to AMP with PD20FEV1s of 36.6 (4.0–132.7) and 134 (12.4–560), and PD40 V˙max30 values of 20.5 (1.4–110) and 101.6 (5–560) μmol respectively (P〈0.001). Nedocromil sodium was 3.9 (FEV1) and 8.0 (Vmax30) times more potent than SCG (P〈0.001). In conclusion, both drugs inhibit the bronchoconstrictor response to inhaled AMP, and nedocromil is at least 4–8 times more potent than SCG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02385.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Report of the meeting on ‘The Role of Inflammatory Processes in Airway Hyperresponsiveness’, Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.A., 3-5 November 1988 (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02395.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of an increase in inhaled allergen dose after terfenadine on the occurrence and magnitude of the late asthmatic response (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have attempted to use a potent and selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist terfenadine to allow a larger dose of allergen to be administered to previous single early responders to investigate if an increased dose of allergen could induce a late asthmatic response. Pre-treatment with 180 mg of terfenadine enabled a geometric mean increase in allergen dose of 412-fold to be inhaled by eight atopic subjects with mild asthma, who initially were classified as single early responders, with maximal fall in FEV1 3–8 hr after allergen challenge (Lmax) of 〈 15 % from baseline value. The magnitude of early asthmatic response was similar to that obtained on the control day when allergen challenge was performed in the absence of terfenadine. Two subjects were converted to dual responders with Lmax of 23.1 and 24.3%, which occurred with a 32- and 65-fold increase in allergen dose respectively, and a 6- and 4.9-fold decrease in non-specific airways responsiveness measured as the cumulative provocative concentration of methacholine that caused a 20% fall in FEV1 from baseline. The remaining six subjects failed to achieve an Lmax of 〉 10% even with a 1.29–2.66-fold increase in allergen dose. For the group as a whole an increase in allergen dose was associated with an increase in overall bronchoconstrictor response 3–8 hr after challenge. These results indicate that it is possible to induce a late asthmatic response in a subject who previously demonstrated only an early response by increasing the dose of allergen inhaled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02366.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity to Parietaria pollen in the Southampton area as determined by skin-prick and RAST tests (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 18 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The pollen of Parietaria species is a well-recognized and important inhalant allergen in the Mediterranean area. Parietaria judaica (Pellitory-of-the-Wall) is native to the U.K., flowering from June to September, but is not usually considered to be of any clinical importance by U.K. allergists. We skin tested 62 patients with a clinical history of summer seasonal respiratory symptoms and a control group of 11 patients with perennial respiratory symptoms only. Each was skin tested in duplicate with extracts of grass pollen, birch pollen, Parietaria pollen, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Cladosporium, Alternaria, nettle pollen and negative and positive controls, and serum samples were collected for RAST assays for Parietaria and nettle. Eight of the 62 patients in the main group showed skin reactivity to Parietaria. Five of these eight had never visited the Mediterranean area and therefore it is possible that sensitization occurred in the U.K. Thirteen of the 62 patients were skin reactive to nettle but there was no correlation between skin reactivity to Parietaria and nettle. This supports a recent report that, despite their close botanical relationship, no antigenic cross-reactivity exists between the two species. No correlation was seen between skin reactivity and serum RAST activity to Parietaria or nettle. It is not known whether exposure to Parietaria pollen contributes to the seasonal symptoms of the patients found to be skin reactive. None of the 11 patients in the control group was skin reactive to Parietaria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1988.tb02906.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser Doppler flowmetry for determining changes in cutaneous blood flow following intradermal injection of histamine (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 17 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The use of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in determining changes in cutaneous blood flow following intradermal injection of histamine has been investigated in this double-blind study. In eight subjects blood flow (LDF) and weal-and-flare area (planimetry) were measured at regular intervals for 1 hr following 50-μl injections of different concentrations of histamine (6.5 ± 10−5 -6.5 ± 10−3 M) and saline. The mean maximum increase in LDF values over the flare was at least nine-fold greater than the baseline values for all three concentrations of histamine injected. When the LDF values observed at different sites were integrated to obtain the ‘LDF response’ it was possible to demonstrate concentration-related increases in blood flow and to differentiate clearly between the different concentrations of histamine and saline for up to 30 min after injection. During this period, the repeatability and the time course of the LDF response was comparable with that of the flare area. These studies suggest that the non-invasive technique of LDF is a sensitive and reproducible method for quantifying the changes in cutaneous blood flow that occurs for the first 30 min after intradermal injection of histamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1987.tb02041.x
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