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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Gastric cancer ; Elderly patients ; Operative morbidity ; Survival rate ; Prognostic factors. ; Schlüsselwörter: Magencarcinom ; Alter ; perioperative Morbidität ; Überlebenszeit ; Prognosefaktoren.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Bereits heute liegt der Anteil der über 70 Jahre alten Patienten mit Magencarcinomen bei 35 %. Diese Patientengruppe wurde in 3 Altersklassen unterteilt und hinsichtlich klinisch-pathologischer Parameter sowie bezüglich der operativen Morbidität und Letalität als auch der Langzeitprognose mit einem jüngeren Vergleichskollektiv (unter 70 Jahren) verglichen. Die Verteilung der UICC-Stadien wie auch der Anteil der Magenfrühcarcinome war in allen Altersgruppen konstant. Der Anteil der distalen Resektionen nahm in den höheren Altersgruppen signifikant zu. Die perioperative Morbidität und Letalität konnte in den letzten 10 Jahren soweit gesenkt werden, daß zum Vergleichskollektiv kaum noch ein Unterschied bestand. Bei den 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten bestand ein signifikanter Unterschied bei den über 80 Jahre alten Patienten (13,7 %) zu den jüngeren Patienten (48,7 %). Während bei der univariaten Analyse der Prognosefaktoren neben dem UICC-Stadium, dem Lymphknotenstatus, dem Resektionslinienbefall auch das Lebensalter von Bedeutung waren, war das Lebensalter in der multivariaten Analyse kein unabhängiger Faktor.
    Notes: Summary. In our hospital 35 % of the patients undergoing resection for gastric carcinoma are over 70 years old. This group was divided into three age groups; clinico-pathological features, operative morbidity and mortality as well as long-term prognosis were compared with findings taken from a control group of subjects under 70 years old. No differences were noted in the distribution of the UICC stages and the incidence of early gastric cancer. The number of subtotal gastric resections was significantly higher in older patients. During the past 10 years the perioperative morbidity and mortality rates have decreased markedly and only minor differences in comparison with the control group have been recorded. However, the 5-year survival rate was significantly lower in the age group above 80 years old (13.7 %) than in the control group (48.7 %). Univariate analysis of prognostic factors showed the UICC stage, lymph node metastases, resection line involvement and the patient's age to be of significance. In contrast, in the multivariate analysis age was not of prognostic value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 36 (1993), S. 3759-3779 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: New basis functions and solution procedures for p-version finite element analysis are described. They are used in a highly efficient p-version finite element solver for linear elastostatics and dynamics, which has been used in an industrial environment for over two years. Using two sample applications it is shown that, using the techniques proposed here, p-version finite element analysis can have a substantially lower computational cost, for given accuracy, than standard finite element methods. This makes the industrial applicability of p-version finite element analysis much wider than is commonly believed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 33 (1992), S. 2059-2071 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A solution strategy is proposed and implemented for taking advantage of the hierarchical structure of linear equation sets arising from the p-type finite element method using a hierarchical basis function set. The algorithm dynamically branches to either direct or iterative solution methods. In. the iterative solution branch, the substructure of the finite element equation set is used to generate a lower order preconditioner for a preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) method. The convergence rate of the PCG algorithm is monitored to improve the heuristics used in the choice of the preconditioner. The robustness and efficiency of the method are demonstrated on a variety of three dimensional examples utilizing both hexahedral and tetrahedral mesh discretizations. This strategy has been implemented in a p-version finite element code which has been used in an industrial environment for over two years to solve mechanical design problems.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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