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  • Electronic Resource  (108)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (61)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (33)
  • Rat  (6)
  • Biochemistry  (4)
  • Gehör  (4)
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  • Electronic Resource  (108)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (±)-1-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenyl)-2-aminopropane (ALEPH-2), a novel putative anxiolytic agent lacking affinity for benzodiazepine sites and serotonin-1A receptors (1996)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 354 (1996), S. 579-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: ALEPH-2 Serotonin receptor binding ; Anxiolytics ; Serotonin syndrome ; Phenylisopropylamines ; Rat ; Hypothermia ; Psychedelics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serotonergic behavioral responses, effects on motor activity and core temperature, and binding properties of the novel putative anxiolytic amphetamine derivative (±)1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenyl)-2-aminopropane (ALEPH-2), were examined in rodents in order to elucidate the mechanism underlying its anxiolytic-like effect. After peripheral administration in rats, ALEPH-2 induced some symptoms of the serotonergic syndrome, e.g. forepaw treading and flat body posture. Additionally, a decrease in motor activity was observed. No significant effects on the number of head shakes were observed after injection, although high inter-subject variability was noted. Higher doses of ALEPH-2, in the range exhibiting anxiolytic properties (4mg/kg), elicited significant hypothermia in mice. The affinity of the drug for 5-HT2A/2C receptors ([3H]ketanserin sites) was in the nanomolar range (Ki = 173 nM), whereas for 5-HT1A, benzodiazepine sites, and GABAA receptors, the affinity was micromolar or lower. Based on these results the mechanism of action and the anxiolytic-like properties of ALEPH-2 are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170831
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (±)-1-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenyl)-2-aminopropane (ALEPH-2) a novel putative anxiolytic agent lacking affinity for benzodiazepine sites and serotonin-1A receptors (1996)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 354 (1996), S. 579-585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words ALEPH-2 ; Serotonin receptor binding ; Anxiolytics ; Serotonin syndrome ; Phenylisopropylamines ; Rat ; Hypothermia ; Psychedelics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serotonergic behavioral responses, effects on motor activity and core temperature, and binding properties of the novel putative anxiolytic amphetamine derivative (±)1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenyl)-2-aminopropane (ALEPH-2), were examined in rodents in order to elucidate the mechanism underlying its anxiolytic-like effect. After peripheral administration in rats, ALEPH-2 induced some symptoms of the serotonergic syndrome, e.g. forepaw treading and flat body posture. Additionally, a decrease in motor activity was observed. No significant effects on the number of head shakes were observed after injection, although high inter-subject variability was noted. Higher doses of ALEPH-2, in the range exhibiting anxiolytic properties (4mg/kg), elicited significant hypothermia in mice. The affinity of the drug for 5-HT2A/2C receptors ([3H]ketanserin sites) was in the nanomolar range (Ki=173 nM), whereas for 5-HT1A, benzodiazepine sites, and GABAA receptors, the affinity was micromolar or lower. Based on these results the mechanism of action and the anxiolytic-like properties of ALEPH-2 are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170831
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reizkorrelierte Gleichspannungsänderungen der primären Hörrinde an der wachen Katze (1969)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 306 (1969), S. 281-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Hearing ; Auditory Cortex ; Evoked d-c Potentials ; Intensity Function ; Gehör ; Hörrinde ; evozierte Gleichspannungspotentiale ; Intensitätsfunktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Schallreizkorrelierte Gleichspannungsänderungen der primären Hörrinde (CGA=corticale Gleichspannungsantwort) wurden über subdurale implantierte Ag−AgCl Elektroden von der Katze abgeleitet und mit einem LINC-8-Rechner ausgewertet. Die CGA sind während der ganzen Reizdauer vorhanden, sie sind abhängig von der Reizqualität (z. B. Tonfrequenz), der Narkosetiefe und der Reizintensität. Die Intensitätsfunktion (Zusammenhang zwischen CGA-Amplitude und Reizintensität) wurde genauer untersucht und durch die Steigungskoeffizienten der Ausgleichsgeraden in Abhängigkeit von der Analysezeit (Zeitdifferenz zwischen Reizbeginn und Analysezeitpunkt) unter Berücksichtigung der Korrelation charakterisiert. Der Steigungskoeffizienn variiert mit der Analysezeit. Während er sich in der ersten Sekunde zwischen den Werten 0,7 und 0,4 bewegt, tendiert er mit wachsender Analysezeit gegen 0,3.
    Notes: Summary Sound evoked d-c changes in the primary auditory cortex (CGA= corticale Gleichspannungsantwort) of the cat were recorded with subdural implanted Ag-AgCl electrodes and analysed with a LINC-8-Computer. The CGA were maintained for the whole duration of stimulus, they depend on the stimulus quality (e.g. tone frequency), on the level of anesthesia and on the stimulus intensity. The intensity function (relation between CGA amplitude and stimulus intensity) has been investigated. It is characterised by the rising coefficient of the approximating line in dependence of the time of analysis (time of analysis starts with the stimulus beginning) with respect to correlation. The rising coefficientn varies with the time of analysis. Whereas in the first second it varies between the values 0.7 and 0.4 it tends with increasing time of analysis to 0.3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00589154
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Akustischen Reizen zugeordnete Gleichspannungsänderungen am intakten Schädel des Menschen (1969)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 309 (1969), S. 362-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Hearing ; Evoked d-c Potentials ; Intensity Function ; Schlüsselwörter ; Gehör ; evozierte Gleichspannungspotentiale ; Intensitäts-funktion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Schallreizkorrelierte Gleichspannungsänderungen wurden mit AgCl-Elektroden vom intakten Schädel erwachsener Menschen (RGA = reizkorrelierte Gleichspannungsantwort) abgeleitet und mit einem LINC-8-Rechner ausgewertet. Die RGA sind während der ganzen Reizdauer vorhanden. Sie sind am Vertex am größten und sind von der Reizintensität abhängig. Die Intensitätsfunktion (Zusammenhang zwischen RGA-Amplitude und Reizintensität) wurde genauer untersucht und durch die Steigungskoeffizienten der Ausgleichsgeraden in Abhängigkeit von der Analysezeit (Zeitdifferenz zwischen Reizbeginn und Analysezeitpunkt) unter Berücksichtigung der Korrelation zwischen Ausgleichsgeraden und Meßwerten charakterisiert.
    Notes: Summary Sound evoked d-c changes (RGA = Reizkorrelierte Gleichspannungs-Antwort) were recorded with AgCl-electrodes from the intact heads of grown up human subjects and analysed with a LINC-8 Computer. The RGA were maintained during the whole duration of stimulus. They are largest at the Vertex and depend on stimulus intensity. The intensity function (relation between RGA amplitude and stimulus intensity) has been investigated and is characterised by the rising coefficient of the approximation line in dependence of the time of analysis (time of analysis starts with the beginning of the stimulus) with respect to the correlation between the approximating line and the measured data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587759
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die mit Mikroelektroden ableitbare Reaktion einzelner Elemente des colliculus inferior und des corpus geniculatum mediale auf akustische Reize verschiedener Form und verschiedener Intensität (1968)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 299 (1968), S. 83-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Hearing ; Inferior colliculus ; Stimulus Dependent ; Activity ; Intensity Function of Single Acoustic Neurons ; PST-Histogramm ; Gehör ; colliculus inf., reizabhängige Aktivität ; Intensitätsfunktion einzelner Neurone ; PST-Histogramm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Ermittlung der reizintensitätsabhängigen Aktivitätsänderung einzelner Neurone wurden die durch Reizung mit Tonbursts, Rauschbursts und Clicks ausgelösten Entladungen einzelner Elemente im colliculus inferior und im corpus geniculatum mediale mit Mikroelektroden extracellulär abgeleitet. Dabei wurde festgestellt, daß die Menge der sich im PST-Histogramm präsentierenden Entladungsmuster in wenige Klassen unterteilt werden kann, die jeweils durch einen Grundtyp charakterisiert sind. Es wurden: 1. Diese Klassen beschrieben und die Häufigkeitsverteilung von an 9 Katzen untersuchten 129 Einzelelementen hinsichtlich der Klassenzugehörigkeit angegeben. 2. Die Intensitätsfunktion der Einzelelemente untersucht und auf der Grundlage einer von Ranke (1952) aufgestellten Überlegung deren Verlauf diskutiert. 3. Ein einfaches Schema dargestellt, das den Zusammenhang zwischen den Intensitätsfunktionen der Einzelelemente und den von Elementkomplexen beschreiben soll.
    Notes: Summary To evaluate the activity variations of single neurons as a function of stimulus intensity the discharges of single elements were recorded extracellularly with microelectrodes from colliculus inferior and geniculate mediale. As stimuli served noise bursts, tone bursts and clicks. It is found that the number of response patterns in the PST-histogramm can be classified into a few groups everyone characterized by a groundtype. 1. These groups are described and the frequency distribution of 129 single elements of 9 cats is studied with regard to the classification. 2. The intensity function of single elements is studied on the basis of Ranke's adaptation theory and the curve is discussed. 3. A simple scheme is shown to describe the relation between the intensity functions of single elements and that of element complexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00362543
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reizfrequenzkorrelierte “untersetzte” neuronale Entladungsperiodizität im Colliculus inferior und im corpus geniculatum mediale (1969)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 309 (1969), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Hearing ; Inferior Colliculus ; Geniculatum Mediale ; Frequency Discrimination ; Gehör ; Colliculus inferior ; Geniculatum mediale ; Frequenzdiskrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die in der Literatur für alle Teile der Hörbahn unterhalb des Geniculatum mediale beschriebenen reizkorrelierten Entladungsperiodizitäten einzelner Neurone wurden für den Colliculus inferior bestätigt. Darüber hinaus wird über eine ganz andersartige Entladungsperiodizität im Geniculatum mediale berichtet. Davon ausgehend werden Strukturmodelle für die neuronale zeitliche Koinzidenzmessung angegeben. Schließlich wird auf eine Unterscheidungsmöglichkeit von intramodalitätsspezifischen und intramodalitätsunspezifischen neuronalen Verarbeitungsmechanismen hingewiesen.
    Notes: Summary The stimulus correlated discharge periodicities of single neurons described in the literature for all parts of the acoustic channel below the geniculatum mediale were confirmed for the colliculus inferior. Furthermore a quite different kind of discharge periodicity in the geniculatum mediale is reported. With these results structure models are given for the neuronal temporal measurement of coincidence. Finally a possibility of discrimination between intra-modality-specific and intra-modality-nonspecific processing mechanism is shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00592278
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of nicotine on the acoustic startle reflex amplitude in rats (1991)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 104 (1991), S. 244-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nicotine ; Startle ; Reflex ; Sensorimotor reactivity ; Rat ; Attention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The acoustic startle reflex was used to measure changes in sensorimotor reactivity in response to nicotine administration and cessation. Male rats received saline, 6 mg/kg/day or 12 mg/kg/day nicotine delivered subcutaneously by osmotic minipumps. The pumps delivered their contents during a 10-day period of implantation, after which time they were explanted. Animals were tested for startle reflex amplitudes using two levels of white noise bursts prior to pump implantation, on days 1 and 7 of nicotine or saline administration, and on several days following drug cessation. Nicotine produced a dose-dependent increase in startle amplitude during the period of administration that decreased during cessation. Results are interpreted in terms of nicotine's actions to enhance attentional processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244186
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The tanycyte of the rat median eminence (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 329-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Axon terminals ; Tanycytes ; Electron microscopy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present ultrastructural study proves the existence of nerve terminals closely apposed to the plasmalemmata of tanycytes in the rat median eminence. Several of these “axo-tanycytic” endings display remarkable accumulations of agranular endoplasmic reticulum in the form of pleomorphic vesicles which are closely apposed on either side of the plasma membrane of each cell compartment. Some of these vesicular profiles give the impression of structural continuity across both membrane systems. This phenomenon is discussed in the context of being a potential substratum for communication between both cell compartments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236425
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro analysis of the cellular localization of luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LRF) in the basal hypothalamus of the rat (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 149 (1974), S. 371-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: LRF ; Hypothalamic localization ; Rat ; Ependyma ; Glia ; Light and electron microscopic Autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light and electron microscopic autoradiographic analysis of the medial basal hypothalamus of rat brains incubated for 30 and 60 minutes in tritiated luteinizing releasing factor (3H-LRF) revealed selective uptake in the form of silver grains over specialized ependyma (tanycytes) and perivascular glial cells in the palisade-contact zone of the median eminence. The functional capacity of tanycytes and glia are discussed in light of these data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226771
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes in the median eminence of the rat following deafferentation of the basal hypothalamus (1970)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 105 (1970), S. 1-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Rat ; Deafferentation ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report concerns a light and electron microscopic investigation of the median eminence and dorsal infundibular stem of the rat following surgical isolation (deafferentation). Using a modification of the Halász technique, the basal hypothalamus, including the arcuate nucleus and median eminence were surgically isolated from surrounding structures. Special attention was directed to the contact (external) zone of the median eminence and rostral infundibulum where tuberohypophyseal axons as well as ependymal cell processes abut upon the abluminal basement membrane of the portal perivascular space. The results of this study to date suggest that 9, 20, and 40 days following surgical isolation, there is a distinct increase in the population of tuberohypophyseal dense core vesicles. It is suggested that deafferentation abolishes inhibitory and excitatory input that serves to modify the cellular dynamics of tuberohypophyseal neurosecretory elements. Comments are also made on the presence of cistern-like structures in the lateral median eminence; the presence of vesicle-like inclusions in terminal ependymal processes is discussed in relationship to the role that ependyma may play in linking the third ventricle with the adenohypophysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340562
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