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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (3)
  • Perfusion  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The excretory capacity of the isolated rat liver (1973)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 277 (1973), S. 297-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Liver ; Perfusion ; BSP ; Bile Salts ; Bile Flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Excretory function of a perfused rat liver preparation has been quantified by determination of the BSP-transport maximum (BSP-Tm). An in situ liver perfusion system employing a semisynthetic perfusion medium containing Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate solution, bovine erythrocytes and bovine albumin was used. Taurocholate was continuously infused throughout the perfusion to provide the liver with a physiologic load of bile salts. After 3 h of perfusion the BSP-Tm was 33.8±SD 4.7 nmoles/min/g liver. In spite of a 33% reduction of bile flow due to a decrease of the bile salt independent fraction, the BSP-Tm was not significantly different from that found in bile fistula rats of the same strain (36.5±SD 9.6 nmoles/min/g liver). It is concluded that the BSP-Tm of this perfused rat liver preparation, provided with a physiologic load of bile salts, may be maintained at in vivo values. This perfusion model may therefore be particularly useful for quantitative studies of the hepatic excretory processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00505668
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taurocholate excretion and bile formation in the isolated perfused rat liver (1974)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 285 (1974), S. 165-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Liver ; Perfusion ; Bile Salts ; Biliary Excretion ; Bile Flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The excretory transport maximum (Tm) for taurocholate was determined in the perfused rat liver and compared to that obtained in the intact rat. An in situ liver perfusion system employing a semisynthetic perfusion medium containing Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate solution, bovine erythrocytes and bovine albumin was used. In contrast to the bromosulfophthalein (BSP)-Tm reported previously, the taurocholate-Tm was 45% smaller in vitro (196±17 nmol/min per g liver) than in vivo (357±10 nmol/min per g liver), indicating that bile salt transport is more susceptible to alterations induced by the conditions of the perfusion than BSP transport. These findings add to the differences observed previously between the hepatic handling of anionic dyes and bile salts. At a low taurocholate infusion rat (57 nmol/min per g liver) the normal relationship between bile salt excretion and bile flow observed in vivo was maintained in the perfused liver. At higher taurocholate infusion rates, however, bile flow, for a given bile salt excretion rate, was smaller than in vivo. These findings should be taken into account when the isolated perfused rat liver is employed for studies of bile formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501151
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous determination of pool sizes and fractional turnover rates, of deoxycholic acid, cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid in man by isotope dilution with 2H and 13C labels and serum sampling (1987)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 14 (1987), S. 609-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper describes a method for simultaneous determination of the kinetics of the three major bile acids in man using (2,2,4,4-2H4) deoxycholic acid, (24-13C) cholic acid and (24-13C) chenodeoxycholic acid. The gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric-selected ion monitoring technique used provided complete separation of deoxycholic acid, cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, which permitted simultaneous measurement of isotope ratios for all three bile acids. Since measurement of all three pool sizes and fractional turnover rates in a single experiment requires different isotopic labels for deoxycholic acid and cholic acid, we investigated the in vivo stability and applicability of (2,2,4,4-2H4) deoxycholic acid as a stable isotope marker for isotope dilution studies in man. No consistent differences were observed between deoxycholic acid pool sizes and fractional turnover rates determined in serum samples after administration of (2,2,4,4-2H4) deoxycholic acid and (24-13C) deoxycholic acid. Simultaneous administration of (2,2,4,4-2H4) deoxycholic acid (24-13C) cholic acid and (24-13C) chenodeoxycholic acid and isotope ratio measurements in serum permitted determination of pool sizes and fractional turnover rates of the three major bile acid and the 7α-dehydroxylation fraction. Pool sizes, fractional turnover rates and synthesis rates (input rates) agreed well with data obtained previously with (24-13C) labels in independent studies.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200141106
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-liquid chromatography of serum bile acids using glass capillary columns (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 293-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillarym, glass ; Complete separation of bile acids in serum from cholesterol ; Analysis time less than 15 min, adaptable to GC/MS ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The proposed combination of a rather simple procedure for sample preparation with capillary gas-liquid chromatography using a barium carbonate/polyethyleneglycol 20,000 column and a Grob-type on-column injector permits measurement of bile acids in serum with high separation efficiency, short analysis time and complete separation of bile acids from cholesterol. The method can be adapted to combined capillary gas-liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240020608
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of isotope ratios in organic compounds at picomole quantities by capillary gas chromatography/quadrupole electron impact mass spectrometry (1985)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 12 (1985), S. 560-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Measurements of isotope ratios in organic compounds at nanomolar concentrations in biological fluids require sensitive and selective gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric methods. The efficiency of sample preparation procedures must be high and gas chromatographic conditions must assure high resolution chromatography producing narrow, intense peaks. Mass spectrometric conditions must create suitable mass fragments, preferably in the high mass range. Detection, controlled by selected ion monitoring (SIM), requires the use of small mass intervals and adequate acquisition times. However, the choice of optimal conditions is limited by the need to acquire multiple data points for the eluting compound. The effects of these variables on the precision of isotope ratio measurements have been investigated to develop an optimal method for isotope ratio measurements in serum bile acids at low concentrations (0.05-8 μmol l-1). With a 25 m × 0.32 mm fused silica capillary OV-1701 column and cold on-column injection, peak widths of 10 s were obtained. Quadrupole mass spectrometry in the electron impact ionization mode (70 eV) and selected ion monitoring (SIM)(mass interval 1/16 u, acquisition time 100 ms) allowed precise (cv 〈 1.5%) isotope ratio measurements for chenodeoxycholic, cholic and deoxycholic acid in a single run at quantities as low as 5 pmol injected on the column. SIM switching during the run permitted isotope ratio measurements (cv 〈 2.2%) for an additional six bile acids, normally detected in the serum of healthy subjects.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200120920
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