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  • Electronic Resource  (5)
  • Chemistry  (2)
  • rat  (2)
  • Antigenität  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 27 (1984), S. 163-165 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes ; rat ; autoimmunization ; streptozotocin ; polyclonal lymphocyte activation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The non-specific activation of the immune system by administration of complete Freund's adjuvant was examined in Wistar rats as a possible means of amplification of the specific immune response directed to pancreatic β cells caused by low dose non-diabetogenic multiple injections of streptozotocin. Rats were given intraperitoneally 0.5 ml of complete Freund's adjuvant to induce polyclonal lymphocyte activation and, 1 day later, the animals were given an intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg streptozotocin/kg body weight (group 1). This combined treatment was given twice at weekly intervals. In two further groups, rats were treated with complete Freund's adjuvant alone (group 2) or streptozotocin alone (group 3) with the same doses and at the same times. Only the rats in group 1 developed delayed but severe and persistent hyperglycaemia. In addition, significant complement-dependent cytotoxicity was detected in nine out of 15 rats (60%) in group 1 in islet cells, but not in spleen lymphocytes. The pancreatic insulin content of the rats in group 1 was depleted by up to 3.1 ± 0.5%. With these experiments, a new animal model for insulin-dependent diabetes is described; complete Freund's adjuvant/streptozotocin diabetes. In many aspects, this model of diabetes parallels the development of insulin-dependent diabetes in man, including the humoral autoimmunity to islet cell antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Monoclonal islet cell surface antibodies (mcICSA) ; anti-islet cell toxicity ; application in vivo ; pancreatic insulin content ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two monoclonal Beta-cell surface antibodies M10H6 und K14D10 were obtained by fusion of spleen cells of Balb/c mice with the myeloma cell line P30. The monoclonal antibody M10H6 was induced by immunization with rat insulinoma cells finally boostered with disintegrated rat islets, whereas the K14D10 was generated after immunization with porcine proinsulin. Both monoclonals belong to the IgG2A isotype and were screened with insulin-producing rat insulinoma cells by an indirect immunofluorescence test as well as by a cellular enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In addition to the cell surface binding on living Beta cells the monoclonals react with islets on cryostat sections of rat pancreas. The anti-islet cytotoxic potential of these monoclonals was measured by 51Chromium-release in the presence of complement or Fc-receptor bearing leucocytes using 51Chromium-labelled rat islet cells as target. Both antibody secreting hybridomas were propagated in syngeneic mice resulting in high levels of islet cell surface antibodies in ascites and sera from the recipient. High anti-islet cytotoxicity was mediated by ascites fluid, but no mouse developed hyperglycaemia. Furthermore, the repeated injections of the monoclonals into rats did not exert a diabetogenic action and failed to reduce the pancreatic insulin content although the attraction of the K14D10 to the pancreatic islets in vivo could be demonstrated. We conclude that islet cell surface antibody-mediated Beta-cell lysis in vitro may not be relevant to Beta-cell destruction in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-3932
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Biokompatibilität ; Antigenität ; Polyester ; Kollagen ; Key words Biocompatibility ; Antigenicity ; Polyester ; Collagen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract At present there is neither an completely inert biomaterial available, nor does a universal test exist which objectively evaluates biocompatibility. One reason is the individuality of the host, especially with regard to the inflammatory response. Inflammation was found to induce biodegradation by hydrolysis or auto-oxidation of vascular prosthetic matrix after implantation. The present study was performed to investigate the specific humoral immune response after implantation of segments of a collagen-impregnated polyester prosthesis (Dacron) in Balb/c mice on experimental days 1, 18, 38, and 322. Serum antibody detection was performed by modified enzyme immunoassay using the prosthesis as a target. Specific polymer antibodies, enhanced by repeated implantations, could be detected in all mice which received grafts up to experimental day 322. These antibodies were not directed against the collagen coating. The antibody formation could be further enhanced by a combined administration of complete Freund's adjuvant together with the first implantation at experimental day 1. Results suggest that specific polymer antibodies, reflecting an inflammatory response, might be an additional parameter for biocompatibility testing of vascular prostheses.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bisher stehen keine komplett inerten Biomaterialien zur Verfügung und es existiert kein universeller Test zur Objektivierung der Biokompatibilität. Dies resultiert aus der individuellen Variabilität des Empfängerorganismus, insbesondere hinsichtlich der entzündlichen Reaktionsbereitschaft. Auch nach Implantation von Gefäßprothesen aus polymeren Biomaterialien kommt es zu einem chronischen Entzündungsprozeß. Dieser führt ursächlich durch Hydrolyse oder Autoxidation zur Biodegradation des Implantats. Mit unseren Untersuchungen galt es, eine möglicherweise bestehende, spezifische humorale Immunantwort nach Implantation von Segmenten einer kollagenimprägnierten Polyesterprothese (Dacron) in einem Tiermodell darzulegen. Balb/c-Mäusen wurde am 1., 18., 38. und 290. Versuchstag ein Prothesensegment intraperitoneal implantiert. Die Bestimmung der Serumantikörper erfolgte mit einem modifizierten Enzymimmunoassay unter Verwendung der Prothese als Target. Spezifische Antikörper gegen Polymere wurden nach wiederholter Implantation bei allen Tieren bis zum 322. Versuchstag nachgewiesen. Dabei konnte eine Antikörperbildung gegen die Kollagenimprägnierung ausgeschlossen werden. Die Antikörperbildung wurde durch den Zusatz von komplettem Freund-Adjuvans in Verbindung mit der ersten Implantation verstärkt. Der Nachweis von spezifischen Antikörpern gegen Polymere könnte zukünftig ein Parameter zur Testung der Biokompatibilität darstellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 28 (1990), S. 297-300 
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of both hydrocarbon and perfluorocarbon vinyl polymers containing the SF5 group have been accomplished by the reaction of elemental fluorine with poly (S-vinyl-O-t-butylthiocar bonate(. The resulting linear polymers have pendant SF5 groups with similar structures to polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 600 (1991), S. 239-248 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Cyano-elpasolites ; bis(-tetramethylammonium) alkali hexacyanometallates ; preparation ; crystal structures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Tetragonal Cyano-Elpasolites: The Crystal Structures of [N(CH3)4]2KMn(CN)6 and [N(CH3)4]2RbCo(CN)6The tetragonal bis(-tetramethylammonium)-alkali-hexacyanometallates [N(CH3)4]2KMn(CN)6 (a = 884.8(2), c = 1222.2(6) pm) and [N(CH3)4]2RbCo(CN)6 (a = 884.7(1), c = 1233.1(2) pm) were prepared in the form of single crystals and their structures determined by X-ray methods (wR = 0.050 and 0.047 for 486 and 463 independent reflections, respectively; space group 14/m, Z = 2). The average distances in the resulting elpasolite structure, which is but slightly tetragonally distorted by small ferro-rotative displacements of the [M(CN6]3-) octahedra (Mn—C = 201.8, C—N = 115.6, K—N = 307.1 pm resp. Co—C = 190.7, C—N = 114.8, Rb—N = 320.1 pm), seem a bit enlarged if compared to related cyano complexes. Reasons for this are discussed using a tolerance factor concept for cyanoepasolites.
    Notes: Die tetragonalen Bis(-tetramethylammonium)-Alkali-Hexacyanometallate [N(CH3)4]2KMn(CN)6 (a = 884.8(2), c = 1222,2(6) pm) und [N(CH3)4]2RbCo(CN)6 (a = 884,7(1), c = 1233,1(2) pm) wurden in Form von Einkristallen dargestellt und röntgenographisch ihre Strukturen bestimmt (wR = 0,050 bzw. 0,047 für 486 bzw. 463 unabhängige Reflexe; Raumgruppe 14/m, Z = 2). Die mittleren Abstände in der resultierenden Elpasolithstruktur, die durch geringe ferrorotative Drehung der [M(CN)6]3--Oktaeder nur wenig tetragonal verzerrt ist (Mn—C = 201,8, C—N = 115,6, K—N = 307,1 pm bzw. Co—C = 190,7, C—N = 114,8, Rb—N = 320,1 pm), erscheinen leicht vergrößert im Vergleich zu Werten die in verwandten Cyanokomplexen beobachtet wurden. Gründe dafür werden im Rahmen einer Toleranzfaktorbetrachtung für Cyano-Elpasolithe diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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