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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulmonary uptake of bupivacaine in isolated perfused rat lung (1995)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 351 (1995), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Lung perfusion ; Bupivacaine ; Fluorochrome-labeled capillaries ; First-pass retention ; Inulin ; Tritium-labeled water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ability of rat lung to remove the local anaesthetic drug bupivacaine from the blood was studied in isolated organs which were perfused either in an open (single-pass mode) or in a closed system (recirculating medium). Isolated perfused rat lungs exhibited a very low capacity to metabolize bupivacaine within 3 h during which the drug circulated continuously through the organ. The clearance values differed only by 0.2 ml/min from the control parameters in sham perfusions. The calculated extraction ratio was 0.2% and the elimination half-life was about 210 min. The volume of distribution of bupivacaine was 133 ml which remarkably surmounted the reference values obtained for sham perfusions. The distribution of bupivacaine into the pulmonary tissue was investigated applying the multiple indicator dilution technique to isolated lungs perfused in the single-pass mode. The mean elimination time of model compounds for distribution into the intravascular space, 14C-inulin, and the total water space, 3H-water, were 68 and 75 s at a flow rate of 6 ml/min. The volume of distribution was 5.9 ml for inulin and 6.5 ml for water. The mean transit time for concomitantly injected bupivacaine was 221 s and the volume of distribution was 14.4 ml. The respective parameters of sham perfusions performed without an isolated organ were substantially lower, i.e. mean elimination time 50, 50 and 61 s and distribution volume 4.9, 5.0 and 6.1 ml for inulin, water and bupivacaine. The volume of distribution during single-pass contact of bupivacaine to lung was not substantially influenced by an increase of the flow rate from 6 to 9 and 12 ml/min whereas the mean transit time dropped from 221 to 121 and 108 s, respectively. These results support the assumption that bupivacaine is extensively retained by the pulmonary tissue and that elimination of bupivacaine by metabolism can be neglegted for lung. The hemodynamic parameters of bronchiolar perfusion in the artificially perfused lung were determined using two fluorochrome-labeled macromolecular proteins, i.e. fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)- and lissamine-rhodamine-B 200 (RB 200)-labeled globulin. After 10 min of perfusion at a flow rate of 12 ml/min in the closed system an area of 10.8070 of the peribronchiolar tissue area contained the dye-label FITC. A very similar index (10.1%) of dye-coloured capillaries was obtained when the lungs of anaesthetized rats were examined 10 min after intravenous injection of the fluorochrome into the pulmonary artery in vivo. In isolated perfused rat lungs receiving both FITC and RB 200 59.5% of FITC-labeled capillaries were reached by the second fluorochrome within 2 s. This fraction accounted for 93.3% after 10 s of circulation time. This proves that isolated rat lungs were well perfused in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169070
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological instabilities in pattern formation by precipitation and crystallization processes (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 85 (1996), S. 19-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Anastomoses ; Crystal zoning ; Snow bands ; Liesegang rings ; Ostwald ripening ; Self organization ; Siderite ; Supersaturation theory ; Zebra rock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Morphological instabilities in periodic patterns occurring both in precipitation and crystallization processes (Liesegang rings and crystal zoning) are investigated and compared with similar patterns in geological samples (zebra rocks and mud bands in snow sediments). In classical Liesegang systems, undisturbed parallel or concentric precipitation bands are emanated from even or concentric diffusion sources in homogeneous diffusion matrices of gelatine or other gels. In the case of superposing diffusion sources, sources with undulatory curvatures or local diffusion barriers there may occur several types of instabilities within the sequence of regular patterns: (a) gaps within the bands forming radial alleys free of precipitate, (b) transition from broken bands to speckled patterns and (c) apparent branching of bands linked together by so-called anastomoses. Calculations with a competitive particle growth (CPG) model show that lateral instabilities in Liesegang bands (gaps and radial alleys of gaps) are the result of Ostwald ripening effects taking place after precipitation. Apparent branching of bands or formation of anastomoses can be simulated with a prenucleation model according to Ostwald's supersaturation theory. Similar irregularities can be observed in zebra rocks (e.g. banded siderite) whose bandings are commonly explained by sequential sedimentation processes. A very different mechanism is assumed to be responsible for the origin of mud bands in snow sediments. An initially homogeneous distribution of intrinsic mud in snow sediments can be arranged into parallel bands according to a crystal zoning mechanism which is based on repeated thawing and freezing of the snow sediment due to the daily alternation of sun and darkness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192056
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulmonary uptake of bupivacaine in isolated perfused rat lung (1994)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 351 (1994), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Lung perfusion ; Bupivacaine ; Fluorochrome-labeled capillaries ; First-pass retention ; Inulin ; Tritium-labeled water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ability of rat lung to remove the local anaesthetic drug bupivacaine from the blood was studied in isolated organs which were perfused either in an open (single-pass mode) or in a closed system (recirculating medium). Isolated perfused rat lungs exhibited a very low capacity to metabolize bupivacaine within 3 h during which the drug circulated continuously through the organ. The clearance values differed only by 0.2 ml/min from the control parameters in sham perfusions. The calculated extraction ratio was 0.2% and the elimination half-life was about 210 min. The volume of distribution of bupivacaine was 133 ml which remarkably surmounted the reference values obtained for sham perfusions. The distribution of bupivacaine into the pulmonary tissue was investigated applying the multiple indicator dilution technique to isolated lungs perfused in the single-pass mode. The mean elimination time of model compounds for distribution into the intravascular space, 14C-inulin, and the total water space, 3H-water, were 68 and 75 s at a flow rate of 6 ml/min. The volume of distribution was 5.9 ml for inulin and 6.5 ml for water. The mean transit time for concomitantly injected bupivacaine was 221 s and the volume of distribution was 14.4 ml. The respective parameters of sham perfusions performed without an isolated organ were substantially lower, i.e. mean elimination time 50, 50 and 61 s and distribution volume 4.9, 5.0 and 6.1 ml for inulin, water and bupivacaine. The volume of distribution during single-pass contact of bupivacaine to lung was not substantially influenced by an increase of the flow rate from 6 to 9 and 12 ml/min whereas the mean transit time dropped from 221 to 121 and 108 s, respectively. These results support the assumption that bupivacaine is extensively retained by the pulmonary tissue and that elimination of bupivacaine by metabolism can be neglegted for lung. The hemodynamic parameters of bronchiolar perfusion in the artificially perfused lung were determined using two fluorochrome-labeled macromolecular proteins, i.e. fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)- and lissamine-rhodamine-B 200 (RB 200)-labeled globulin. After 10 min of perfusion at a flow rate of 12 ml/min in the closed system an area of 10.8% of the peribronchiolar tissue area contained the dye-label FITC. A very similar index (10.1%) of dye-coloured capillaries was obtained when the lungs of anaesthetized rats were examined 10 min after intravenous injection of the fluorochrome into the pulmonary artery in vivo. In isolated perfused rat lungs receiving both FITC and RB 200 59.5% of FITC-labeled capillaries were reached by the second fluorochrome within 2 s. This fraction accounted for 93.3% after 10 s of circulation time. This proves that isolated rat lungs were well perfused in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169070
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular dynamics of the α-helical epitope of a novel synthetic lipopeptide foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 28 (1989), S. 499-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel synthetic foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) peptide vaccine consisting of a synthetic B-cell and macrophage activator covalently linked to an amphiphilic α-helical T-cell epitope was developed. The low molecular weight vaccine of 3400 daltons is composed of virus VP1 antigenic determinant and the immunologically active lipotripeptide tripalmitoyl-S-glyceryl-cysteinyl-seryl-serine (P3CSS) as built-in adjuvant. The vaccine, tripalmitoyl-S-glyceryl-cysteinyl-seryl-seryl-FMDV-VP1 (VP1 = serotype O1K 135-154) induces protection against homologous challenge and serotype-specific virus neutralizing antibodies in guinea pigs after single administration without further adjuvants or carriers. A P3CSS conjugate with the FMDV-VP1 segment 135-154 of strain O Wuppertal produced only poor cross-protection against challenge with O1K virus.The antigenic determinant VP1(135-154) is an amphiphilic α-helix, as shown by CD. Molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) carried out using the highly homologous α-helical alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) segment H3 as starting conformation for VP1(138-149) suggest that the FMDV segment 138-149 may adopt α-helical conformation during binding to its T-cell receptor, and that the development of the system during MDS may be considered as the dissociation step of the complex.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360280144
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and properties of composites of kevlar-nomex copolymer and boehmite (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 248 (1997), S. 139-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein neuartiges organisch-anorganisches Hybridmaterial wurde durch den Einbau des Minerals Böhmit mittels eines Sol-Gel-Prozesses in ein Kevlar-Nomex-Copolymeres hergestellt. Durch Reaktion eines Gemisches aus m- und p-Phenylendiamin mit Terephthaloylchlorid und anschließender Umsetzung mit Aminophenyltrimethoxysilan wurden Poly(phenylenterephthalamid)-Ketten mit Aminophenyltri-methoxysilan-Endgruppen synthetisiert. In dieser Polymermatrix wurde die Hydrolyse der Alkoxygruppen einer Lösung von Aluminium-sec-butanolat in Butanol durchgeführt. Dadurch wurde ein chemisch an die Aramid-Ketten gebundenes anorganisches Netzwerk aufgebaut. Aus den hergestellten Hybridmaterialien mit unterschiedlichen Böhmit-Gehalten in der Aramidmatrix wurden Filme gegossen. Die Filme aus Hybridmaterial mit bis zu 15 Gew.-% Böhmit waren transparent gelb, während bei 20 und mehr Gew.-% Böhmit opake Filme erhalten wurden. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften dieser Filme wurden untersucht. Zugfestigkeit, Zugmodul, Härte und maximale Bruchdehnung nahmen mit steigendem Böhmitgehalt zunächst zu, vemngerten sich jedoch bei weiterer Erhöhung des Mineralanteils wieder. Der Zugmodul des Hybridmaterials bei 25°C lag zwischen 3,0 und 4,5 GPa. Die Materialien hielten einer maximalen Zugspannung von 252 MPa stand und zeigten Zersetzungstemperaturen von etwa 450°C. Die rnit DMTA ermittelten Werte für den Speichemodul lagen im Bereich 7,6-18,9 GPa. Das tan δ-Signal verbreiterte sich mit zunehmendem Böhmitanteil und ging bei hohen Böhmitgehalten in eine Schulter über. Die Signalpositionen des Verlustfaktors wurden infolge der zunehmenden sterischen Einschränkung der Segmentbewegungen rnit steigendem anorganischen Anteil zu höheren Temperaturen verschoben.
    Notes: A new organic-inorganic hybrid material was prepared by incorporating boehmite into a Kevlar-Nomex copolymer via a sol-gel process. Poly(phenylene-terephthalamide) chains having aminophenyltrimethoxysilane end groups were prepared by reacting a mixture of m-and p-phenylenediamine with terephthaloyl chloride, followed by end-capping with aminophenyltrimethoxysilane. The hydrolysis of the alkoxy groups of an aluminium sec-butoxide solution in butanol was carried out in the polymer matrix, thus creating an inorganic network structure combined chemically with the aramid chains. Hybrid materials containing different proportions of boehmite in aramid were thus produced and films were cast by solvent evaporation technique. These films with up to 15 wt.-% of boehmite were yellow and transparent, whereas the films with 20 wt.-% or more contents of boehmite were opaque. Mechanical properties of these films were analyzed. The values of tensile strength, initial modulus, toughness and maximum strain at rupture were initially found to increase and then decrease with further addition of boehmite. The tensile modulus of the hybrid material was found to be in the range of 3.0-4.5 GPa at 25°C. These ceramers were found to withstand maximum tensile stress of the order of 252 MPa, and the thermal decomposition temperature was around 450°C. The storage modulus as measured using DMTA was in the range of 7.6-18.9 GPa. The tan δ peak which in general became broader with increasing boehmite content showed a shoulder for composites containing large amounts of boehmite. The position of the peaks shifted towards high temperature with the increase in the inorganic contents showing hindrance in motion with increasing boehmite contents.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1997.052480109
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein ungewöhnliches Paar Bis(phosphido)-verbrückter Dieisencarbonylkomplexe: [Fe2(CO)n{μ-P(tBu)2}(μ-PCy2)] (n = 5 und 6) (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 1379-1382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Bis(phosphido)-bridged diiron hexa(penta)carbonyl complexes, molecular structures ; Steric strain ; Iron-iron double bond ; Calculations, EHT ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An Unusual Pair of Bis(phosphido)-Bridged Diiron Carbonyl Complexes: [Fe2(CO)n{μ-P(tBu)2}(μ-PCy2)] (n = 5 and 6)Treatment of Na[Fe2(CO)6(μ-CO){μ-P(tBu)2}] with Cy2PCl gives [Fe2(CO)6{μ-P(tBu)2}(μ-PCy2)] (1) which loses CO on heating in toluene to afford [Fe2(CO)5{μ-P(tBu)2}(μ-PCy2)] (2). Complexes 1 and 2 have been characterized spectroscopically and by X-ray analyses. The central Fe2P2 unit in 1 is exactly planar whereas in 2 it is somewhat folded.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250612
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Komplexe mit Metall-Phosphor-Dreifachbindungen als mögliche Intermediate der Umsetzungen von Chlorophosphiniden-Komplexen mit Metallaten verschiedener ÜbergangsmetalleHerrn Professor Max Herberhold zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet. (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 129 (1996), S. 973-979 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: M2P2 tetrahedral complexes ; Phosphido ligand complexes as intermediates ; Ni2P4O distorted prismane framework ; CO incorporation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complexes with Metal-Phosphorus Triple Bonds as Possible Intermediates in the Reactions between Chlorophosphinidenes and Metalates of Various Transition MetalsThe reaction of [{M′(CO)5}2PCl] (M′ = Cr, W) with various metalates ([Cp′Mo(CO)3]-, [Cp * Ni(CO)]-, [Cr2(CO)10]2-) yields the M2P2 tetrahedral complexes [(MLn)2(μ,η2- P2){M′(CO)5}2] (MLn = Cp*Ni, M′= Cr (1), W (2); MLn = Cp′Mo(CO)2, M′ = Cr (4); Cp* = η5-C5Me5, Cp* = η5C5H3tBu2) and the cyclo-P4 compound [{Cr(CO)4}(η4-P4){Cr(CO)5}4] 6. As side products the distorted prismane [(Cp*Ni)2{μ4,η4-(P2-O-P2)}{W(CO)5}2] 3 and the diphosphino-methanone complex [{Cp′Mo(CO)2}2{μ4η2-PC(O)P}-{Cr(CO)5}2] 5 are formed. The complexes are characterised by NMR, IR, MS, and X-ray structure analysis (1-5). Studying the reaction pathway provided evidence of phosphido intermediates of the type [LnM≡P→M′Ln].
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19961290816
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [CR(CO)5PCl3]  -  A Starting Material for Phosphorus-Rich Px Ligand ComplexesDedicated to Prof. Dr. Joachim Strähle on the occasion of his 60th birthday. (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 1299-1304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: P ligands ; P-P bond formation reaction ; Molybdenum ; Chromium ; Nickel ; Carbonyl complexes ; Main group elements ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: [Cr(CO)5PCl3] reacts with different metallates K[CpxMo(CO)3] [Cpx = ·5-C5H4tBu (Cp]), ·5-C5H3tBu2-1,3 (Cp))], K[CpFe(CO)2], K[Cp]Cr(CO)3], K[C}*Ni(CO)] and Na2[Cr2(CO)10] at -78°C in THF to yiel various P2, cyclo- P3 and cyclo-P5 ligand complexes of the formulae [Cp] Mo(CO)2 (.2-P3)] (1a), [Cp]Mo(CO)2(.3-P3)] (1b), [{CP'Mo-(CO)2}2(μ,.2-P2)] (2a), [{Cp]Mo(CO)2}2(μ, ·2-P2)] (2b), [Cp]Fe).5-P5)] (3), [(Cp'Cr)2(μ,.5-P5)] (4), [{Cp]Cr(CO)2}2-(μ,.2-P2)] (5), [(Cp*Ni)2(μ,.2-P2){Cr(CO)5}2] (6). [{(CO)5Cr}Cl2PPCl2{Cr(CO)5}] (7) and [{Cr(CO)5}2PCl (8). Comprehensive studies of the reaction pathway leading to formation of the cyclo-P3 product 1a give strong indications that a sequence involving metal-halogen exchange and stepwise P-P bond formation takes place, proceeding via [{CO}5Cr}Cl2PPCl2{Cr(CO)5}] (7) and the cyclo-P3 precursor compond [{Cp]Mo(CO)3}{Cp'Mo(CO)2}2{Cr(CO)5}(μ,.3:1:1-P3)] (9). The latter two complexes have been isolated and structurally characterized.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19971300919
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gezielte Synthese von Sulfinato-O- und -S-Komplexen einiger Übergangsmetalle, XI. Bindungsisomerie bei Sulfinato-Komplexen von Zink(II) (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 108 (1975), S. 291-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Directed Synthesis of Sulfinato-O and -S Complex of Transition Metals, XI. Linkage Isomerism in Sulfinato Complexes of Zinc(II)Starting from the sulfinato-O, O′ complexes (RSO2)2Zn(OH2)2(1a, b) the mono-, bis-, and tris(2, 2′-bipyridyl) complexes 2a, b, 3a, b, and 4a, b are produced according to equation (1) by stepwise addition of 2, 2′-bipyridyl. In the case of the bis(2, 2′-bipyridyl) complexes 3a, b the linkage-isomeric sulfinato-O and -S complexes 3aO, 3bO, and 3aS, 3bS are obtained. From 4a, b 1 mole of 2, 2′-bipyridyl can be eliminated reversibly with acetone according to equation (7) with formation of 3aO and 3aO. The newly prepared compounds were characterized on the basis of their i. r. spectra. In the case of 4a, b DTA, TG, and DTG measurements were carried out.
    Notes: Gemäß Gl. (1) gelingt, ausgehend von den Sulfinato-O, O′-Komplexen (RSO2)2zn(OH2)2 (1a, b), die schrittweise Addition von 2,2′-Bipyridyl, wobei die Mono-, Bis-und Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)-Komplexe 2a, b, 3a, b und 4a, b entstehen. Im Falle der Bis(2,2′-bipyridyl)-Komplexe 3a, b wurden die bindungsisomeren Sulfinato-O-und-S-Komplexe 3aO, 3bO und 3aS, 3bs erhalten. Aus 4a, b läβt sich mit Aceton reversibel ein mol 2, 2′-Bipyridyl gemäß Gl. (7) unter Bildung von 3aO und 3bO abspalten /die neu dargestellten Verbindungen werden IR-spektroskopisch charakterisiert. Im Falle von 4a, b sind DTA-, TG- und DTG-Messungen durchgeführt worden.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19751080137
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wilhelm Ostwald - Von der Reversibilität zur Irreversibilität (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 26 (1992), S. 304-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Alle Ausgleiche „brauchen Zeit, und alle verlaufen um so langsamer, je weiter der Ausgleich bereits fortgeschritten ist. Hierdurch kommt es, daß die Welt mit Gebilden erfüllt ist, die vom Standpunkt der Gleichgewichtslehre sozusagen keine Existenzberechtigung haben, und daher ihre Existenz nur auf Zeit geniessen“.…„Wir werden bald sehen, daß die stationären Erscheinungen in bestimmtem Sinne die Formen des Lebens sind, und daß alle Organismen sich als Gebilde auffassen lassen, deren verhältnismässige Beständigkeit auf der Ausbildung stationärer, durch Selbstregulierung entstehender Zustände beruht“.Diese Zitate entstammen keinem modernen Lehrbuch der Thermodynamik irreversibler Prozesse und der Selbstorganisation, sondern sie sind 90 Jahre alt und wurden von Wilhelm Ostwald in seinen „Vorlesungen über Naturphilosophie“ formuliert. Die auffallend große zeitliche Lücke zwischen den Ideen und Ansätzen Wilhelm Ostwalds und den heute anerkannten Paradigmen mag an Ostwalds Emeritierung und dem Ausbruch des ersten Weltkrieges gelegen haben, aber auch an innerwissenschaftlichen Gründen, wie etwa dem Mangel an mathematischen Methoden zur Beschreibung komplexer und nichtlinearer Systeme, die erst Jahrzehnte nach der Jahrhundertwende entwickelt wurden. Sich mit Ostwalds Arbeiten auf diesem Gebiet zu beschäftigen, ist heute sicher nicht allein von historischem Interesse, sondern vermag darüber hinaus Denkanstöße zu geben und das Verständnis aktueller Fragen für die dort Tätigen zu vertiefen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.19920260609
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