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  • Electronic Resource  (4)
  • Mice  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antidotes for zinc intoxication in mice (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 61 (1988), S. 321-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Zinc ; Mice ; Intraperitoneal administration ; Zinc antidotes ; EDTA ; DTPA ; CDTA ; d-penicilamine ; DMPS ; DMSA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sixteen chelating agents were examined to determine their relative efficacy as antidotes in acute zinc acetate intoxication in mice after i.p. administration. For a i. p. dose of 0.49 mmol/kg (LD50) of zinc acetate, the i. p. administration of chelating agents at a 2∶1 and 5∶1 mole ratio resulted in a significant antidotal action for EDTA, DTPA, CDTA, d-penicillamine (d-PA), DMPS and DMSA. EGTA, l-cysteine, triethylentetraamine (TTHA), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 4,5-dihydroxi-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid (Tiron), sodium salicylate, glutathione, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), 6-mercaptopurine and N-acetyl-d, l-penicillamine (NAPA) were not effective for acute zinc acetate poisoning. The therapeutic indices and therapeutic effectiveness of the most effective chelators were, respectively: EDTA (5.0, 7.0), DTPA (7.3, 13.7), CDTA (8.6, 6.3), d-PA (4.6, 1.9), DMPS (1.3, 1.0), DMSA (3.2, 5.4). DTPA, CDTA, and EDTA appear to be the most effective agents of those tested in offsetting acute zinc intoxication in mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364857
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the effectiveness of several chelators after single administration on the toxicity, excretion and distribution of cobalt (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 58 (1986), S. 278-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Cobalt ; Intraperitoneal administration ; Mice ; EDTA ; DTPA ; DMSA ; N-Acetylcysteine ; Glutathione ; L-Cysteine ; D,L-penicillamine ; BAL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the chelating agents Na2Ca-ethylendiaminetetraacetate (EDTA), Na3Ca-diethylentriaminepentaacetate (DTPA), L-cysteine, 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), glutathione, D,L-penicillamine (D,L-PEN) and 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL) on the toxicity, distribution and excretion of intraperitoneally injected cobalt were studied in male Swiss mice. To determine the effect of the various chelators on the toxicity of cobalt, various doses of CoCl2 (0.60–1.80 mmol/kg) were given, followed immediately by the IP administration of the chelator (at a dose equal to one-fourth of their respective LD50). EDTA and DTPA were the most effective. EDTA, DTPA and L-cysteine, NAC and glutathione were also the most effective in increasing the urinary excretion of cobalt and reducing the concentration of the metal in various tissues. EDTA appears to be the most effective agent of those tested in the prevention of acute cobalt intoxication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297121
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental toxicity evaluation of gallium nitrate in mice (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 66 (1992), S. 188-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Developmental toxicity ; Gallium nitrate ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gallium nitrate, a drug with antitumor activity, is presently undergoing clinical trials as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of certain malignancies. Since there are very limited published animal toxicity data available, this study was conducted to investigate the potential adverse developmental effects of this drug. Pregnant Swiss mice were administered intraperitoneally gallium nitrate at 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day on days 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 of gestation. Monitors for maternal toxicity were body weight, food consumption and clinical signs. At sacrifice (day 18) maternal weight, liver and kidney weights, and gravid uterine weights were measured. Gestational parameters monitored were numbers of total implants, resorptions, postimplantation losses, and dead fetuses. Live fetuses were sexed, weighed, and examined for external, internal and skeletal malformations and variations. Maternal toxicity was noted in all the gallium nitrate-treated groups. Embryo/fetal toxicity was evidenced by a decrease in the number of viable implants, a reduction in fetal weight, and an increase in the number of skeletal variations (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg). No significant increase in the incidence of malformations was observed at 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg. The no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for both maternal and developmental toxicity of gallium nitrate was 〈12.5 mg/kg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974013
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the developmental toxicity of deferoxamine in mice (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 69 (1995), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words: Maternal toxicity ; Developmental toxicity ; Deferoxamine ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Deferoxamine (DFO), an efficient chelating agent available for the treatment of iron and aluminium overload, was evaluated for developmental toxicity in Swiss mice. Intraperitoneal injections of DFO were given to pregnant animals at 0, 44, 88, 176, and 352  mg/kg per day on gestational days 6 through 15. Maternal clinical status was monitored daily during and after treatment. Fetal parameters, including external, visceral, and skeletal malformations and variations, were assessed. Mice were killed on day 18. No maternal mortality was observed, but dams exhibited reduced body weight gain during treatment at 88, 176, and 352 mg/kg per day. Body weight at termination, corrected body weight, and food consumption were reduced in all groups. In contrast, the only significant treatment-related embryo/fetal effect was a decrease in the number of live fetuses per litter at 352 mg/kg per day. The no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for maternal toxicity of DFO was 〈44 mg/kg per day, whereas the NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 176 mg/kg per day. In summary, intraperitoneal administration of DFO to mice during organogenesis produced developmental toxicity in the presence of maternal toxicity. Because of the remarkable maternal toxicity of DFO, extreme caution in the use of this drug is recommended during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050200
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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