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  • Electronic Resource  (14)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (11)
  • Trimethoprim  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 274 (1972), S. 229-237 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Rat Folic Acid Reductase ; Pregnancy ; Fetus ; Newborns ; Trimethoprim
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The folic acid reductase activity in various organs of adult rats was studied in comparison to pregnant females (20th day of gestation) and fetal rats. The enzyme activities in the tissues of pregnant rats were in general about 30% higher than in normal adults. Fetal rats also possess the ability to catalyze the reduction of dihydrofolic acid, but it is evident that the liver and kidney have a considerably reduced capacity to form tetrahydrofolate. The folic acid reductase activity in liver and kidney rises for 10 days after birth and then declines to normal enzyme levels by the 4th week of life. Further studies concerning the interaction between trimethoprim and folic acid reductase in adult rats demonstrate that an oral dose of 5 or 50 mg/kg results in about a 30% increase of folic acid reductase activity in liver and kidney. The experiments suggest that there is a stimulation of enzyme synthesis following trimethoprim administration; because, the trimethoprim induced increase of the reductase activity is blocked by the administration of either puromycin or actinomycin D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 272 (1972), S. 369-377 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Trimethoprim ; Placental Transfer ; Distribution ; Elimination ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary After a single i.v. administration of 50 mg/kg of Trimethoprim (TM) to rats in late pregnancy, a diffusion equilibrium of the folic acid inhibitor in the foetal organs is reached after 30–60 min. The TM levels in maternal as well as in foetal organs can have an inhibitory effect on folic acid reductase activity. The elimination of TM is lower in pregnant than in non-pregnant animals. The TM elimination of the foeti is dependent on the elimination capacity of the mother. Three-days-old rats eliminate TM some four times slower than mature animals owing to their reduced kidney development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 278 (1973), S. 227-230 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Trimethoprim ; Rat Folic Acid Reductase ; Pregnancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The increased level of folic acid reductase activity in rats during the perinatal period is inhibited following the oral administration of 5 or 50 mg/kg Trimethoprim. When the enzyme activity was tested in vitro, the highest sensitivity to the antimetabolite was displayed by the liver reductase isolated from rats the 20th day of pregnancy, the lowest was observed in the foetal liver extract. It is proposed that the stimulated reductase activity during the pregnancy is caused by a newly synthesized, Trimethoprim-sensitive enzyme form. The results of the in vitro experiments could contribute to the suggested hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 178 (1977), S. 3191-3195 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Optimized syntheses of 1,3,6,9-tetraoxacycloundecane (2), 1,3,6,9,12-pentaoxacylotetradecane (3), and 1,3,6,9,12,14,17,20-octaoxacyclodocosane (4) as well as some physical and chemical properties and the proof of structure are reported.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 1639-1641 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: No. Abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 28 (1997), S. 571-574 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Measurements effect of elastic waves in steel- and rock rods using the magneto-elasticStress waves in steel and iron ore rods produced by a mechanical impact can be measured by a sensor using the magneto-elastic effect. A detection of the changing magnetic flux is made. The function describing the propagation of longitudinal waves in rods is known as the stress wave equation. The agreement with theory is verified by examinations of steel rods using strain gauges. Afterwards the signals of three iron ores (magnetite, hematite, siderite) are recorded. Induced voltage is measured by the magneto-elastic sensor in the case of magnetite and hematite, however it is not possible to detect any signal for siderite. This means that the change of magnetic flux depends on the kind of bulk magnetic appearance, not on content of iron.Using the magneto-elastic sensor the magneto-elastic effect offers the possibility to detect tree of contact mechanical waves produced by a mechanical impact in ferro- or ferrimagnetic solids.
    Notes: An Stahl- und Eisenerzstäben werden die durch einen Stoß ausgelösten elastischen Dehnwellen mit Hilfe eines Sensors gemessen, der den magnetoelastischen Effekt ausnutzt. Detektiert wird dabei die Änderung des magnetischern Flusses. Die theoretische Beschreibung der Ausbreitung elastischer Längswellen in Stäben erfolgt mit Hilfe der eindimensionalen Dehnwellengleichung. Die Übereinstimmung mit der Theorie wird exemplarisch durch Untersuchungen an Stahlstäben mittels Dehnungsmeßstreifen verifiziert. Danach werden die Signale von drei Eisenerzstäben (Magnetit, Hämatit, Siderit) aufgenommen. Bei den Gesteinen Magnetit und Hämatit lassen sich mit dem magnetoelastischen Aufnehmer Induktionsspannungen messen, während beim Siderit keine Signale aufgezeichnet werden konnten. Das bedeutet, daß für die Änderung des magnetischen Flusses nicht der Eisengehalt, sondern die Art der äußeren magnetischen Erscheinungsform der Proben entscheidend ist.Der magnetoelastische Effekt bietet somit die Möglichkeit die durch eine Stoßbelastung in ferro- bzw. ferrimagnetischen Materialien ausgelösten mechanischen Wellen berührungslos mit Hilfe eines magnetoelastischen Sensors zu erfassen.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dependence on chain length of two characteristic properties of amylose, i.e., retrogradation and complex formation with iodine, have been studied by using enzymatically synthesized, homodisperse amyloses. The association rates of amyloses in water containing 5% dimethyl sulfoxide have a sharp maximum at a degree of polymerization P̄n of 80; shorter and longer molecules are much more soluble. The iodine complexes of amylose exhibit a strong Cotton effect in the range of the long-wave absorption maximum (position depending on chain length) and two weaker Cotton effects at 480 and 350 nm. The long-wave Cotton effect is most intense at about P̄n 50 and decreases rapidly for shorter and longer chains. This behavior is unexpected and is not in accordance with the further increase of λmax and λmax. The experiments can best be interpreted by assuming well ordered, stiff chains in the low molecular weight range (P̄n 50-80). For longer chains, the findings are discussed in the light of current concepts of amylose conformation in aqueous solution, namely the model of the broken helical chain (alternating stiff helical segments and unordered regions) and the model of a flexible coil without a significant helical content. However, according to the results given in this paper, a wormlike helical chain seems to be the most adequate model for amylose conformation in neutral solution.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 48 (1960), S. 91-99 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Reactions on the reactive groups of macromolecular substances (e.g., cellulose) have long been known, even since before the structures of macromolecules were understood. H. Staudinger carried out numerous reactions with macromolecules, maintaining the degree of polymerization constant, in order to substantiate the macromolecular structure of the substances investigated (polymeric-analogous reactions). During the last fifteen years reactions with macromolecules have been investigated because it was desirable to compare the chemical diversity of low molecular weight compounds with the corresponding chemical diversity of macromolecular compounds. These endeavors bring forth materials which supplement the numerous macromolecular substances which are produced and used as materials for plastics, and therefore these materials should have as low reactivity and high stability as possible. Objectives are given for the preparation of macromolecules with a large variety of groups. From these objectives it is evident that, as in low molecular weight chemistry, macromolecular substances which possess functional groups of high reactivity are suitable as starting materials. Some of these which have been known for a long time but have been investigated only in recent years are polyaldehydes (polyacroleins and polymethylacroleins), polyacyl halides such as polyacryl chlorides and polyvinylsulfonyl chlorides and fluorides, and, most recently, polymeric organometallic compounds such as poly-p-lithiumstyrene. The reactions with these macromolecules are described and the properties of the resulting new polymeric substances are given.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: From a series of enzymatically synthesized amyloses with a very narrow molecular weight distribution (Pw/Pn = 1.001-1.002) and degrees of polymerization (Pn) between 25 and 480 the iodine complexes were prepared. The absorption spectra as well as the ORD- and CD-curves of these complexes were recorded. COTTON effects were observed at 365, 485 and in the range of 500-600 mμ. The wavelength of the absorption maximum (λmax) of greatest wavelength and of the positive CD-maximum in the region of 500-600 mμ may be described as functions of Pn by the equation : \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\frac{1}{{\lambda _{\max } }} = \frac{1}{{\rm A}} + \frac{{\rm B}}{{\rm A}} \cdot \frac{1}{{{\rm P}_{\rm n} }} $$\end{document} Furthermore, the extinctions, the base molar rotations and dichroic absorptions have been evaluated as a function of Pn. The base molar rotations and the CD-absorptions exhibited a maximum between Pn 70 to 100 and decreased again at higher Pn. ORD and CD increased on standing of the solutions, whereas the locations of the absorption maxima as well as of the COTTON affects remained unchanged. Possible reasons for this behaviour are discussed.
    Notes: Von einer Reihe enzymatisch synthetisierter Amylosen mit sehr enger Molekulargewichtsverteilung (Pw/Pn = 1,00 bis 1,002) und Polymerisationsgraden (Pn) zwischen 25 und 480 wurden die Jodkomplexe hergestellt. Die Absorptionsspektren sowie die ORD-und CD-Kurven dieser Jodkomplexe wurden aufgenommen. Es treten COTTON-Effeket auf bei 365, 485 und im Bereich von 500-600 mμ. Die Wellenlänge des langwelligen Absorptionsmaximums (λmax) sowie des positiven CD-Maximums als Funktion von Pn lassen sich durch folgende Gleichung beschreiben: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \frac{1}{{\lambda _{\max } }} = \frac{1}{{\rm A}} + \frac{{\rm B}}{{\rm A}} \cdot \frac{1}{{{\rm P}_{\rm n} }} $$\end{document} Ferner wurden die Extinktionen, die grundmolaren Drehwerte und die CD-Absorptionen als Funktion von Pn untersucht. Drehwerte und CD-Absorption durchlaufen zwischen Pn 70 und 100 maximale Werte und sinken bei höherem pn wieder ab. Sowohl ORD als auch CD nehmen im Laufe der Zeit zu, obwohl die Extinktionen und die Lage der Absorptionsmaxima und der COTTON-Effekte unverändert bleiben. Mögliche Ursachen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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