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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preliminary clinical trial with L-DOPA in narcolepsy (1971)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 19 (1971), S. 204-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402644
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline in the urine of rats during chronic morphine administration and during abstinence (1961)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 2 (1961), S. 214-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The urinary excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline was increased during the first few days of morphine administration in rats. Following the initial rise, the urinary excretion of both amines decreased during one week of treatment with the same dose (tolerance phenomenon); however, on increasing the morphine dose, the cyclic pattern of initial rise and subsequent fall in catecholamine excretion reappeared. During abstinence after three weeks of morphine administration, the animals where markedly irritable and presented characteristic vegetative symptoms. At the same time there was an increased excretion of adrenaline, amounting to 15 times normal, and a twofold rise of the noradrenaline excretion, both lasting for about 10 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407982
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haloperidol-induced tardive dyskinesia in monkeys (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 50 (1976), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Tardive dyskinesia ; Acute dystonia ; Haloperidol ; Animal model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In three cebus monkeys the chronic daily administration of haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg/day orally) created sedation and parkinsonism during the first 5–7 weeks. Later the animals developed signs reminiscent of acute dystonia, as seen in the clinic during treatment with neuroleptics. These signs were dose-dependent and in extreme cases included widespread tonic and clonic seizures. After 3 and 12 months, respectively, two of the cebus monkeys developed buccolingual signs (grimacing and tongue protrusion), similar to tardive dyskinesia in the clinic. The tardive dyskinesia symptoms were reduced in a dose-dependent manner after each haloperidol administration, being most pronounced in the morning before haloperidol was given. Biperiden reduced acute dystonia but reinstated signs of tardive dyskinesia, which had been abolished by haloperidol. It is suggested that cebus monkeys may provide a useful animal model for the study of neurologic long-term complications from neuroleptic drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426838
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A monitoring test for the liability of neuroleptic drugs to induce tardive dyskinesia (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 63 (1979), S. 195-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Tardive dyskinesia ; Animal model ; Rebound deterioration sign ; Monitoring neurological side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two Cebus apella monkeys with haloperidol-induced tardive dyskinesia have been studied. Substitution of chlorpromazine, thioridazine, clozapine, melperone, or fluphenazine for the daily haloperidol administration temporarily reduced the signs of tardive dyskinesia. In a monkey with low-grade symptoms, persisting for more than 100 days after with-drawal of haloperidol, neuroleptic drugs induced a typical sequence of events: first the dyskinetic movements were abolished, but 1–3 days after administration of a single dose of a neuroleptic drug there was a rebound worsening of symptoms. It was noticed that this aggravation of symptoms corresponded in magnitude and duration to the approximate liability of each compound to induce tardive dyskinesia in man. It is therefore suggested that this animal model could be used to monitor neurological side effects in neuroleptic drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433548
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic studies with amphetamines-relationship to neuropsychiatric disorders (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 1 (1973), S. 481-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8744
    Keywords: amphetamine pharmacokinetics ; amphetamine-induced euphoria and dysphoria ; amphetamine blocking agents ; α-methyltyrosine ; effects of urinarypH ; amphetamine metabolites ; p-hydroxyamphetamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Intravenous administration of 200 mg of amphetamine to 12 human subjects induced a stage of euphoria noticeable for 10–12 hr followed by signs of dysphoria which were noticeable early but reached a maximum at 14 hr after injection and remained for 48 hr. The subjective effects of amphetamine could be blocked by α-methyltyrosine. The duration of this antiamphetamine action was more than 24 hr. Pharmacokinetic studies in amphetamine- dependent subjects using large intravenous doses were undertaken to relate measurable pharmacokinetic parameters to the clinical manifestations of amphetamine abuse such as paranoid psychosis and development of tolerance. Subjects having an acidic urine exhibited a relatively mild psychosis, while the psychotic symptoms were aggravated in patients with an alkaline urine. The plot of plasma half- life against mean urinary pH during the first 20 hr yielded a striking correlation. For every increase in unit of urinary pH, there was an increase of plasma half-life of about 7 hr. The intensity of the psychosis in patients having an alkaline urine appeared to be dependent on the metabolite levels rather than on the plasma levels of unchanged drug. A pH-dependent excretion of p-hydroxyamphetamine was noted, and it was found that this metabolite was eliminated slower than the parent compound. The second major metabolite was norephedrine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01059787
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass fragmentographic determination of unlabeled and deuterium labeled methadone in human plasma. Possibilities for measurement of steady state pharmacokinetics (1975)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 2 (1975), S. 197-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A mass fragmentographic method for simultaneous measurement of unlabeled and deuterium labeled methadone in human plasma is described. This specific method has a lower sensitivity of about 16 pmol/ml with a coefficient of variation of less than 4%. The usefulness of the method was evaluated in studies on opiate dependent subjects undergoing methadone maintenance treatment. In one application methadone-d3 was given as a pulse dose during continuous treatment with unlabeled methadone and plasma levels of both species followed by mass fragmentography. The method will be of value in the study of methadone pharmacokinetics in the steady state and in other in vivo situations where multiple drug pools must exist.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200020406
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